scholarly journals The Association Between Incorrect Use of Antibiotic Prophylaxis and in-Hospital Surgical Site Infections – A Prospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 3063-3072
Author(s):  
Gosaye Mekonen Tefera ◽  
Beshadu Bedada Feyisa ◽  
Getu Melesie Taye ◽  
Gurmu Tesfaye Umeta ◽  
Fekadu Negash Bereded ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infections

scholarly journals Need of Improvement in Timing of Prophylactic Antibiotic in Elective Surgery

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (179) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay N Shah ◽  
SB Maharjan ◽  
R Piya ◽  
A Shrestha ◽  
K Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Infection Prophylaxis ◽  
Time Period

INTRODUCTION: Infections in surgery are major concern of morbidity, mortality, and costs. Timely antibiotic prophylaxis before incision ensures optimum concentration of AP in blood and tissues to prevent surgical site infections . However, proper timing of AP remains problematic as reported by various studies, though none so far from Nepal. Aim of this prospective observational study was to assess and address the issues for improvements in timing of AP. METHODS: The pattern of antibiotic prophylaxis were prospectively collected in respect to time of induction, and incision time were recorded on predesigned 'AP form'. The study included all the elective major cases who received AP of intravenous Cefazoline 1 g as per our existing protocol. The emergency surgeries and obstetric cases were excluded from the study. RESULTS: There were 125 cases of which 89% received AP before incision (63% within 5 minutes before incision), while 11% had AP after the incision and 1% within the recommended time period of 2 hour to 30 minutes before incision. CONCLUSIONS: Current practice of antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) needs improvement as per standard guidelines of AP within 2 hour to 30 before incision. Keywords: antibiotic, infection, prophylaxis, surgery.

Duration of antibiotic prophylaxis for cardiac surgery: Prospective observational study

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mical Paul ◽  
Eyal Porat ◽  
Aeyal Raz ◽  
Hefziba Madar ◽  
Shai Fein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Prospective Observational Study

scholarly journals Experience with modified radical mastectomy in a low-income country: a multi-center prospective observational study

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giziew Bawoke ◽  
Segni Kejela ◽  
Abebe Alemayehu ◽  
Girmaye Tamirat Bogale
Keyword(s):  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Retroviral Infections

Abstract Background Modified radical mastectomy is the procedure of choice in centers with little to no radiotherapy services. Studying the in-hospital outcome and complications associated with the procedure is important in low-income countries. Methods This is a multi-center prospective observational study involving all patients operated with modified radical mastectomy with curative intent. Results A total of 87 patients were studied with 10.3% of which were male and 54% were between the age of 30–49 years. Clinical stage IIB and IIIA were reported in 33 (37.9%) and 25 (28.7%) respectively and 62.1% had clinically positive lymph nodes at presentation. All of the studied patients underwent curative surgery, with an average lymph node dissection of 10.2 ± 0.83. Seroma rate was 17.2% and was significantly associated with diabetes (AOR: 6.2 (CI 1.5–8.7)) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (AOR: 8.9 (CI 1.2–14.2)). Surgical site infection occurred in 14.9% and was significantly associated with Retroviral infections (AOR: 4.2 (CI 2.1–5.8)) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (AOR: 1.8 (CI 1.3–3.9)). No in-hospital mortality occurred during the course of the study. Conclusion Seroma rate was lower than published studies while surgical site infections rate was higher. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with increase in seroma and surgical site infection rates. Additionally, diabetes increased the rate of seroma. Surgical site infections were higher in patients with retroviral infections.

scholarly journals Antibiotic overuse in obstetric and gynecologic procedures at Zagazig university hospitals: A prospective observational study

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 883-889
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Magdy ◽  
Mahmoud A. Seksaka ◽  
Gehan F. Balata
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Selection

Surgical site infection (SSI) constitutes a major problem in healthcare in terms of healthcare cost, morbidity and mortality. Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is one of the effective strategies for SSI prevention. Poor adherence to SAP guidelines across different countries has been observed. Misuse of prophylactic antibiotics threatens patient safety and leads to an increase in the acquisition of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to assess the utilization of SAP in obstetric and gynecologic procedures in terms of indication for prophylaxis, antibiotic selection, timing of administration and prophylaxis duration. A prospective observational study was conducted at the obstetrics and gynecology department of Zagazig University Hospital during the period from January 2020 to June 2020. Medical records of 264 women were recorded and evaluated. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) therapeutic guidelines, World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations and The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) practice bulletin were used for data evaluation and hence women were stratified into two groups. For women who underwent procedures in which guidelines recommended the use of SAP (200 patients; 75.75%), 198 women (99%) received preoperative prophylaxis. None of women (0%) received the recommended first line antibiotic by guidelines while the most commonly used prophylactic antibiotics were Cefotaxime (86 patients; 43.43%) and Ampicillin-sulbactam (62 patients; 31.31%). Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis timing was 0-60 minutes before skin incision. All women received postoperative prophylaxis that extended to an average of 7 days. Regarding the other group who underwent procedures in which prophylactic antibiotics weren’t recommended by guidelines (64 patients; 24.24%), 37 women (57.81%) followed the guidelines and didn’t receive SAP while 27 women (42.18%) received SAP. Poor adherence to guidelines recommendations regarding prophylactic antibiotic selection and prophylaxis duration was observed. High utilization rate of prophylactic antibiotics in procedures that didn’t require their use was reported..

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Triclosan Coated Sutures in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections in a Spanish Hospital Setting: A Prospective, Observational Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 100154
Author(s):  
Manuel Bustamante Montalvo ◽  
Miguel Cainzos ◽  
Luis Prieto Carreiras ◽  
Andrea Castiñeira Piñeiro ◽  
Adrián García Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Spanish Hospital

scholarly journals Effect of Incisional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy vs Standard Wound Dressing on the Development of Surgical Site Infection after Spinal Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study

Neurosurgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle B Mueller ◽  
Matthew D’Antuono ◽  
Nirali Patel ◽  
Gnel Pivazyan ◽  
Edward F Aulisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND Use of a closed-incisional negative pressure therapy (ci-NPT) dressing is an emerging strategy to reduce surgical site infections (SSIs) in spine surgery that lacks robust data. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of a ci-NPT, as compared with a standard dressing, on the development of SSIs after spine surgery. METHODS This was a prospective observational study over a 2-yr period. Indications for surgery included degenerative disease, deformity, malignancy, and trauma. Exclusion criteria included anterior and lateral approaches to the spine, intraoperative durotomy, or use of minimally invasive techniques. SSIs up to 60 d following surgery were recorded. RESULTS A total of 274 patients were included. SSI rate was significantly lower with ci-NPT dressing (n = 118) as compared with the standard dressing (n = 156) (3.4 vs 10.9%, P = .02). There was no statistical difference in infection rate for decompression alone procedures (4.2 vs 9.1%, P = .63), but there was a statistically significant reduction with the use of a negative-pressure dressing in cases that required instrumentation (3.2 vs 11.4%, P = .03). Patients at higher risk (instrumentation, deformity, and malignancy) had less SSIs with the use of ci-NPT, although this did not reach statistical significance. There were no complications in either group. CONCLUSION SSI rates were significantly reduced with a ci-NPT dressing vs a standard dressing in patients who underwent spinal surgery. The higher cost of a ci-NPT dressing might be justified with instrumented cases, as well as with certain high-risk patient populations undergoing spine surgery, given the serious consequences of an infection.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) in Different Surgeries – An Observational Study from Ahmedabad, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
pp. 2017-2022
Author(s):  
Nidhi Girishkumar Sathwara ◽  
Khushbu Rajendrakumar Modi ◽  
Kunal Girishkumar Sathwara ◽  
Chintan Chandrakantbhai Dalwadi ◽  
Manan Chandrakantbhai Dalwadi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Western India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern

BACKGROUND Emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens in hospitals and associated risk factors are a strenuous task for clinicians to treat surgical site infections (SSIs). Isolation of multidrug-resistant organisms is an existing problem with a rising trend in Indian hospitals. We wanted to study the microbial profile, their susceptibility pattern, risk factors of SSIs, and revise the antibiotic prophylaxis policy to reduce injudicious use of antimicrobial agents. METHODS The present prospective observational study included 1073 post-operative patients of different surgeries held at a Tertiary Care Hospital in western India from July 2017 to August 2018. Samples were collected using a sterile cotton swab stick and processed as per standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. After incubation plates were examined under the reflected light they were interpreted according to clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) guidelines. RESULTS Among 1073 samples, bacteriologically proven surgical site infection was identified in 63 (5.87 %) patients. In the present study, the predominant organism isolated was E. coli (28.57 %), followed by Klebsiella spp. (23.81 %), Staphylococcus aureus (19.05 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.46 %), Acinetobacter spp. (9.52 %), and Proteus mirabilis (1.59 %). Pan-antibiotic resistance was noted among 14 (27.45 %) gram-negative rods and 7 (58.33 %) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated. CONCLUSIONS Overall, resistance to the cephalosporin group of antibiotics and penicillin group has increased. So, rather than moving on to the higher generation antibiotics, aminoglycosides (amikacin/gentamycin) and fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin) are the better-preferred drugs. KEYWORDS Surgical Site Infections, Injudicious Use of Antimicrobial Agents, Antibiotic Prophylaxis Policy

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