scholarly journals Antitumor Effects of Self-Assembling Peptide-Emodin in situ Hydrogels in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 16 ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Weipeng Wei ◽  
Jianhua Tang ◽  
Hongfang Li ◽  
Yongsheng Huang ◽  
Chengchen Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Self Assembling

scholarly journals Fe-doped chrysotile nanotubes containing siRNAs to silence SPAG5 to treat bladder cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianye Liu ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Hongliang Zeng ◽  
Long Wang ◽  
Qun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Bladder Cancer Cells ◽  
Specific Uptake ◽  
Inner Diameter

Abstract Background For certain human cancers, sperm associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) exerts important functions for their development and progression. However, whether RNA interference (RNAi) targeting SPAG5 has antitumor effects has not been determined clinically. Results The results indicated that Fe-doped chrysotile nanotubes (FeSiNTs) with a relatively uniform outer diameter (15–25 nm) and inner diameter (7–8 nm), and a length of several hundred nanometers, which delivered an siRNA against the SPAG5 oncogene (siSPAG5) efficiently. The nanomaterials were designed to prolong the half-life of siSPAG5 in blood, increase tumor cell-specific uptake, and maximize the efficiency of SPAG5 silencing. In vitro, FeSiNTs carrying siSPAG5 inhibited the growth, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells. In vivo, the FeSiNTs inhibited growth and metastasis in three models of bladder tumors (a tail vein injection lung metastatic model, an in-situ bladder cancer model, and a subcutaneous model) with no obvious toxicities. Mechanistically, we showed that FeSiNTs/siSPAG5 repressed PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, which suppressed the growth and progression of tumor cells. Conclusions The results highlight that FeSiNTs/siSPAG5 caused no activation of the innate immune response nor any systemic toxicity, indicating the possible therapeutic utility of FeSiNTs/siSPAG5 to deliver siSPAG5 to treat bladder cancer. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals In situ self-assembling Au-DNA complexes for targeted cancer bioimaging and inhibition

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maonan Wang ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Weijuan Cai ◽  
Huan Feng ◽  
Tianyu Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Dna Complexes ◽  
Gold Nanocluster ◽  
Noninvasive Technique ◽  
Tensin Homolog ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

Cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases to treat. For accurate cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy, it is important to assess the localization of the affected area of cancers. The general approaches for cancer diagnostics include pathological assessments and imaging. However, these methods only generally assess the tumor area. In this study, by taking advantage of the unique microenvironment of cancers, we effectively utilize in situ self-assembled biosynthetic fluorescent gold nanocluster-DNA (GNC-DNA) complexes to facilitate safe and targeted cancer theranostics. In in vitro and in vivo tumor models, our self-assembling biosynthetic approach allowed for precise bioimaging and inhibited cancer growth after one injection of DNA and gold precursors. These results demonstrate that in situ bioresponsive self-assembling GNC-PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) complexes could be an effective noninvasive technique for accurate cancer bioimaging and treatment, thus providing a safe and promising cancer theranostics platform for cancer therapy.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

Evaluation of Structure-Controlled Silk Fibroin Coatings for Orthopedic Infection and In-Situ Osteogenesis: In Vitro and In Vivo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhao Zhou ◽  
Teng Zhang ◽  
Jianglong Yan ◽  
QiYao Li ◽  
Panpan Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Orthopedic Infection

Cruciferous Vegetables as Antioxidative, Chemopreventive and Antineoplasic Functional Foods: Preclinical and Clinical Evidences of Sulforaphane Against Prostate Cancers

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (40) ◽  
pp. 4779-4793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo M.P. Ferreira ◽  
Lays A.R.L. Rodrigues ◽  
Lunna Paula de Alencar Carnib ◽  
Paulo Víctor de Lima Sousa ◽  
Luis Michel Nolasco Lugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Tumor Cell Death ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Antiapoptotic Proteins ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Prostate Cancers

Background: Sulforaphane (SF, 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methyl-sulfinyl)-butane) is found in broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower. Methods: we performed a critical review on the antioxidative, chemopreventive and antitumor effects of SF from cruciferous vegetables against prostate cancers and molecular pathways. For a complete and reliable review, primary and secondary resources were used, including original and review articles, books and government documents published until March 2018. Articles that are in duplicity and disconnected are not considered for review. SF is derived from glucoraphanin (4-methyl-sulfinyl-butyl-glucosinate), being one of the most commonly found isothiocyanates in vegetables from Brassica spp., especially in broccoli samples. In vitro studies indicate that SF induces apoptosis in a dependent or non-dependent method of androgens by transcription of tumor suppressor genes, oxidation response and higher expression of phase II enzymes in prostate cancer cells. Sulforaphane also decreases transcription of the nuclear factor kB and antiapoptotic proteins, expression of cyclin D2 and survivin and DNA synthesis, increases Nrf2 gene activity, interferes with genome compacting by inhibition of histone deacetylases and disrupts Hsp90 complexes, which cause cell cycle arrest, mitosis interruption, activation of caspases and mitochondria depolarization. Conclusion: SF and cruciferous vegetables play antioxidative and chemopreventive role, delaying or blocking in vivo carcinogenesis, causing biochemical and epigenetic changes, preventing, delaying, or reversing preneoplastic or advanced prostate lesions, and frequently activating tumor cell death by intrinsic methods of apoptosis. These outcomes encourage the consumption of Brassica specimens, which could be easily achieved by the incorporation of food and vegetables rich in cruciferous isothiocyanates in the diet.

scholarly journals The impact of FGF19/FGFR4 signaling inhibition in antitumor activity of multi-kinase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Kanzaki ◽  
Tetsuhiro Chiba ◽  
Junjie Ao ◽  
Keisuke Koroki ◽  
Kengo Kanayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Erk Signaling ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
The Impact

AbstractFGF19/FGFR4 autocrine signaling is one of the main targets for multi-kinase inhibitors (MKIs). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying FGF19/FGFR4 signaling in the antitumor effects to MKIs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. In this study, the impact of FGFR4/ERK signaling inhibition on HCC following MKI treatment was analyzed in vitro and in vivo assays. Serum FGF19 in HCC patients treated using MKIs, such as sorafenib (n = 173) and lenvatinib (n = 40), was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lenvatinib strongly inhibited the phosphorylation of FRS2 and ERK, the downstream signaling molecules of FGFR4, compared with sorafenib and regorafenib. Additional use of a selective FGFR4 inhibitor with sorafenib further suppressed FGFR4/ERK signaling and synergistically inhibited HCC cell growth in culture and xenograft subcutaneous tumors. Although serum FGF19high (n = 68) patients treated using sorafenib exhibited a significantly shorter progression-free survival and overall survival than FGF19low (n = 105) patients, there were no significant differences between FGF19high (n = 21) and FGF19low (n = 19) patients treated using lenvatinib. In conclusion, robust inhibition of FGF19/FGFR4 is of importance for the exertion of antitumor effects of MKIs. Serum FGF19 levels may function as a predictive marker for drug response and survival in HCC patients treated using sorafenib.

scholarly journals Facile sonochemical-assisted synthesis of orthorhombic phase black phosphorus/rGO hybrids for effective photothermal therapy

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3023-3034
Author(s):  
Weiyuan Liang ◽  
Dou Wang ◽  
Xiaohui Ren ◽  
Chenchen Ge ◽  
Hanyue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Orthorhombic Phase ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Reduced Graphene

AbstractTwo-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has been demonstrated to be promising in photoelectronic devices, electrode materials, and biomedicine owing to its outstanding properties. However, the application of BP has been hindered by harsh preparation conditions, high costs, and easy degradation in ambient condition. Herein, we report a facile and cost-effective strategy for synthesis of orthorhombic phase BP and a kind of BP-reduced graphene oxide (BP/rGO) hybrids in which BP remains stable for more than 4 weeks ascribed to the formation of phosphorus-carbon covalent bonds between BP and rGO as well as the protection effect of the unique wrinkle morphology of rGO nanosheets. Surface modification BP/rGO hybrids (PEGylated BP/rGO) exhibit excellent photothermal performance with photothermal conversion efficiency as high as 57.79% at 808 nm. The BP/rGO hybrids exhibit enhanced antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo, showing promising perspectives in biomedicine.

scholarly journals Development of In Situ Self-Assembly Nanoparticles to Encapsulate Lopinavir and Ritonavir for Long-Acting Subcutaneous Injection

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Irin Tanaudommongkon ◽  
Asama Tanaudommongkon ◽  
Xiaowei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Trough Concentration ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Long Acting

Most antiretroviral medications for human immunodeficiency virus treatment and prevention require high levels of patient adherence, such that medications need to be administered daily without missing doses. Here, a long-acting subcutaneous injection of lopinavir (LPV) in combination with ritonavir (RTV) using in situ self-assembly nanoparticles (ISNPs) was developed to potentially overcome adherence barriers. The ISNP approach can improve the pharmacokinetic profiles of the drugs. The ISNPs were characterized in terms of particle size, drug entrapment efficiency, drug loading, in vitro release study, and in vivo pharmacokinetic study. LPV/RTV ISNPs were 167.8 nm in size, with a polydispersity index of less than 0.35. The entrapment efficiency was over 98% for both LPV and RTV, with drug loadings of 25% LPV and 6.3% RTV. A slow release rate of LPV was observed at about 20% on day 5, followed by a sustained release beyond 14 days. RTV released faster than LPV in the first 5 days and slower than LPV thereafter. LPV trough concentration remained above 160 ng/mL and RTV trough concentration was above 50 ng/mL after 6 days with one subcutaneous injection. Overall, the ISNP-based LPV/RTV injection showed sustained release profiles in both in vitro and in vivo studies.

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