<p>Sociodemographic and Obstetric Determinants of Antenatal Depression in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: Facility Based Case–Control Study</p>

Abstract Introduction Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States, with over half of colorectal cancers estimated to be the result of modifiable risk factors. Studies relating sleep apnea (SA) and colorectal adenoma (CRA) are limited and the findings are equivocal. The objective of this study was to examine the association between SA and risk of CRA. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional case-control study of data collected from 460 veterans, ages 50-79, seen in the colonoscopy clinic at the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center between 2014 and 2018. Information on demographics, sleep history, and co-morbidities were obtained through lifestyle questionnaire. Self-reported SA was diagnosed by a prior sleep study. Cases consisted of 297 participants had pathologically confirmed adenoma (including 117 participants having advanced CRA with villous component or diameter of polyp > 1 cm). Controls consisted of 173 polyp-free participants. The distribution of demographics and lifestyle factors were compared between CRA and non-CRA using the Student’s t or chi-square tests. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of CRA in association with CRA were calculated using univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression models. The confounding factors included age, sex, ethnicity, obesity, smoking status, alcohol use, hypertension, and sleep duration. Results Compared with non-SA, the multivariable OR (95% CI) for CRA was 0.92 (0.58-1.48); for non-advanced CRA was 1.14 (0.68-1.91), and for advanced CRA was 0.61 (0.32-1.17) in SA participants. Adjustment of sleep duration in the model did not change the risk estimates. Conclusion Sleep-study diagnosed SA was not associated with development of CRA in this veteran population. Further studies are needed to confirm this observation and incorporate the severity and treatment of SA, and undiagnosed SA in risk assessment. Support This research is supported in part by the Gillson Longenbaugh Foundation, and Golfers Against Cancer organization (to LJ), the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) (RP#140767, to LJ).

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Establishing Urinary Leukotriene E4 as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Comorbid Asthma and Atopy

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/0194599819871700 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 161 (5) ◽

pp. 764-769 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Griffin D. Santarelli ◽

Kent K. Lam ◽

Joseph K. Han

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Medical Center ◽

Case Control ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Diagnostic Biomarker ◽

Tertiary Referral ◽

Cysteinyl Leukotriene ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Control Study

Objective While urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4) is a validated biomarker for the cysteinyl leukotriene pathway, which is central to the pathophysiology of asthma, atopy, and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the contributions of comorbid asthma and atopy to uLTE4 levels in various CRS subtypes have not been previously characterized. We sought to (1) identify reference values for uLTE4 in subjects with and without CRS and (2) determine how the presence of comorbid atopy and asthma affects uLTE4 levels in CRS. Setting Tertiary referral medical center. Subjects and Methods A prospective case-control study was conducted to compare uLTE4 levels between patients with CRS and healthy controls. Urinary LTE4 levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay and were adjusted for urinary creatinine concentrations (pg/mg Cr). Patients with CRS were stratified by the clinical comorbidities to determine normative uLTE4 values for patients with CRS with and without comorbid asthma or atopy. Results A total of 153 patients (mean age, 47.3; 47.1% female) were included in the study. Patients with CRS demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of uLTE4 than healthy controls (1652 vs 1065 pg/mg Cr, P = .032). Within the group of patients with CRS, comorbid asthma also individually correlated with elevated uLTE4 levels (1597 pg/mg Cr, P = .0098). Patients with CRS who did not have comorbid allergy and asthma, in contrast, did not have statistically higher uLTE4 levels than healthy controls (1142 pg/mg Cr, P = .61). Conclusion Urinary LTE4 serves as a noninvasive measure of the inflammatory state in CRS. Comorbid asthma and atopy contribute to elevated uLTE4 levels in CRS.

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Risk Factors for Groin Wound Infection After Femoral Artery Catheterization A Case-Control Study

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1086/500001 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 34-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Philip M. Polgreen ◽

Daniel J. Diekema ◽

Jeff VandeBerg ◽

R. Todd Wiblin ◽

Yi Yi Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Wound Infection ◽

Femoral Artery ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Medical Center ◽

Case Control ◽

University Hospital ◽

Hematoma Formation ◽

Control Study

Objective.Groin wound infection (GWI) after femoral artery catheterization is unusual. However, several reports of GWI associated with the use of a Perclose device appear in the surgical literature.Design.A case-control study.Setting.We pooled 23 cases and 83 controls from a university hospital and a community medical center.Patients.A case was defined as a patient who developed a GWI after a femoral artery catheterization. At the university hospital, 3 controls were randomly selected from the at-risk population and matched to each case by time of procedure only (within 2 weeks). At the community medical center, 4 controls were selected and matched to each case by time of procedure (within 2 weeks), sex, and age (within 5 years).Results.We considered several covariates, including age, sex, body mass index, medical conditions, Perclose use, hematoma formation, and antithrombotic therapy. In a multivariate model, only hematoma formation (odds ratio, 68.8; 95% confidence interval, 12.1-391.4) and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa platelet inhibitor therapy (odds ratio, 6.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-33.6) were statistically significant predictors of GWI; Perclose use (odds ratio, 0.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-3.7) was not a statistically significant predictor of GWI. However, most of the hematomas (15/17) formed after procedures during which a Perclose device was used.Conclusion.Perclose use did not have any additional effect on GWI risk beyond the effect that hematoma formation had.

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Prevalence of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Hypothyroid and Euthyroid Patients

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/s-0043-105275 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (06) ◽

pp. 430-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lakshmi Kannan ◽

Justyna Kotus-Bart ◽

Aman Amanullah

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Large Scale ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Medical Center ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Analysis ◽

Control Study

AbstractThe thyroid functions as a regulator of cardiac function and rhythm through genomic and nongenomic actions of triiodothyronine (T3) in cardiac myocytes. Atrial fibrillation is a common complication of thyrotoxicosis. Hypothyroidism is not considered a risk factor for arrhythmias despite well-known EKG changes in this condition. This case control study was conducted to analyze the differences, if any, in the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias between hypothyroid patients and euthyroid controls. Three hundred and four consecutive patients admitted at our medical center for a period of one year were included in the study. The study population was divided into 2 groups (age, gender and race matched): patients with hypothyroidism and euthyroid subjects as a control group. Major arrhythmia data were obtained from telemetry recordings and from known past medical history. There were 152 subjects in each arm of the study. The mean age was 61.9 years. Mean TSH in hypothyroid group was 40.4 mIU/l (95% CI 33.3–47.5) (range 10.09–304, SE 3.62) and in euthyroid group was 0.89 mIU/l (95% CI 0.82–0.96). Chi-square analysis revealed a higher prevalence of ventricular tachycardia (p=0.04) and any ventricular arrhythmia in the hypothyroid group (p=0.007). This relatively large case control study revealed a statistically higher prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias in hypothyroidism. Our study has thrown light on the prevalence of arrhythmias in hypothyroidism and the observation of increased ventricular arrhythmias necessitates future large scale prospective studies to better define the risk of such ventricular arrhythmias and the effects of thyroid supplementation on this risk.

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