scholarly journals Organic fertilization with turkey litter for maize cultivation in tropical region

2019 ◽  
pp. 2062-2066
Author(s):  
Diego Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Gustavo Castoldi ◽  
Manuel Rodriguez Carballal ◽  
Mariângela Brito Freiberger ◽  
Warlles Domingos Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Chemical Fertilization

Residues from agroindustry activity have been commonly used as a source of fertilizer for fertilization of annual crops. Sometimes these residues can replace the mineral fertilizers totally or partially, while their effects can be extended to the soil attributes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing conventional chemical fertilization with organic fertilization using turkey litter on maize grain yield and in the chemical attributes of an Oxisol in tropical region. The experiment was carried out in two crop seasons with various quantities of turkey litter, or in blend with chemical fertilizers, in a randomized block design with six treatments and five replicates. The treatments were as follows: T1 – Control treatment; T2 – Chemical fertilization with 450 kg ha-1 of 10-27-10 (NPK); T3 – Application of 3,800 kg ha-1 of turkey litter; T4 – Application of 7,600 kg ha-1 of turkey litter; T5 – Chemical fertilization with 450 kg ha-1 of 10-27-10 + 1900 kg ha-1 of turkey litter; T6 – Chemical fertilization with 450 kg ha-1 of 10-27-10 + 3,800 kg ha-1 of turkey litter. The organic fertilization with turkey litter presented potential for total or partial replacement of chemicals fertilization for maize cultivation with no loss in grain yield. Therefore, the treatments of T3 and T5 could be recommended to farmers at a lower cost. The treatment T4 increased the P and K contents in the soil, reaching to 24 mg dm-3 and 3.1 cmoc dm-3, respectively, after two crop seasons.

scholarly journals Emission of nitrous oxide in flooded rice cultivation in tropical area of Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoná Serpa Mascarenhas ◽  
Mellissa Ananias Soler da Silva ◽  
Vládia Correchel ◽  
Alberto Baêta dos Santos ◽  
Márcia Thaís de Melo Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Flooded Rice ◽  
N2o Fluxes

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilizers on the N dynamics and grain yield in flooded rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation in Brazilian tropical wetland. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with six treatments, as follows: common and protected urea; topdressing application of N doses (30, 70, and 150 kg ha-1); and one control treatment, without N fertilization. Emissions of N2O-N, global warming potential (pGWP), emission factors (EF) for mineral fertilizers, grain yield, emission intensity, nitrate, ammonium, pH, and potential redox were quantified. Gas sampling was carried out in two crop seasons of rice cultivation and in one off-season. During the flooded period of the two crop seasons, N2O fluxes did not exceed 862.41 μg m-2 h-1 N2O-N; in the off-season, the fluxes varied from -52.95 to 274.34 μg m-2 h-1 N2O-N. Consistent emission peaks were observed in soil draining before harvest, when the highest rate of both N sources was used, and also in the control treatment in the off-season. Protected urea does not reduce N2O emissions or EF. Nitrogen increases the grain yield. Protected urea does not have any effect on the pGWP. The concentrations of NO3- and NH4+ in the soil are not related to N2O fluxes.

scholarly journals Effect of The Combined Application of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on The Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica Oleracea Var.Italica)

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012115
Author(s):  
Hussien J.M. Al-Bayati ◽  
Waleed B.A.M. Allela ◽  
Nagham Salah Salim ◽  
Fathel F. R. Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilization

Abstract The experiment was carried out in the vegetable field of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape during the winter agricultural season 2019-2020. The study aimed to investigate the effects of organic fertilization (Tecamine Max) at a concentration of 4 ml.L-1 and chemical fertilization with compound fertilizer N25P5K10 at average of 400 kg.ha-1 and a mixture of the two mentioned fertilizers in different levels. In addition to examine the comparison treatment in the vegetative growth and yield of broccoli. The study included 6 treatments implemented in the field using Randomized Complete Block Design RCBD with three replications. The results showed that all fertilizing treatments achieved the significant differences compare to control treatment in all studied vegetative growth traits. In general, combination of 100 kg chemical fertilization. ha-1 + 7 ml.L-1 of organic extract (Tecamine Max) showed the best values in both of head weight and the heads yield (459.72 g.plant-1 and 28,732 t. ha-1) respectively.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Productive Components of Maize Fertilized With Sewage Sludge

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Carlos Cesar Breda ◽  
Renan Francisco Rimoldi Tavanti ◽  
Onã Da Silva Freddi ◽  
Tauan Rimoldi Tavanti ◽  
Aline Regina Piedade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Maize Fertilization

The response of crops to the application of biofertilizers in the soil is not yet well established. Therefore, we carried out this study with the objective of evaluating the productive potential of maize fertilized with doses of sewage sludge, comparing with the use of mineral fertilizer over four agricultural seasons. The experiment was conducted in a Red Dystroferric Nitosol (Ultisol) in a randomized block design and repeated measures in time. The treatments consisted of five doses of sewage sludge and one treatment using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in formulation. All fertilizations were carried out at maize sowing at four planting times (summer and 2nd crop of 1st agricultural year and, summer and 2nd crop of 2nd agricultural year) and replicates. The results showed a cumulative increase in the P, Ca, Mg and Zn leaf concentrations over the four seasons crops, when the sewage sludge was used in the 30 and 40 Mg ha-1 doses. However, reductions in plant height, weight and maize cob diameter, mass and grain yield were observed at the end of the last harvest. The treated sewage sludge is a viable alternative for maize fertilization in the first harvest, provides increases in grain yield in the order of 1.35 Mg ha-1 and can be recommended instead of NPK mineral fertilizers in built-up fertility soils.

scholarly journals Effects of glyphosate and foliar fertilizers on the glyphosate resistant (GR) soybean

2019 ◽  
pp. 1251-1257
Author(s):  
César Tiago Forte ◽  
André Dalponte Menegat ◽  
Leandro Galon ◽  
Luciane Renata Agazzi ◽  
Milena Barreta Franceschetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Currently the soybean crop is responsible for a great share of the protein consumed by humans and animals, it is also a source of oil and renewable materials for the industry. Due to the importance of soybeans worldwide, especially genetically modified soybeans (resistant to glyphosate - GR), the improvement in yield indexes became the targets of promising research. The objective of this work was to evaluate the responses of the “GR” soybean crop as a function of glyphosate herbicide and foliar fertilizer, under soil without nutrient deficiency. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications, consisted of two factors. Factor A was consisted by glyphosate (1080 and 2160 g a.e ha-1) and factor B by foliar fertilizers (Fertilizer A – Mg= 5%, Mn= 0,5%, Mo= 0.5%, L-Glutamic acid= 5% and glycine betaine 3%; Fertilizer B - Zn (5%), Mn (3%), Cu (0,5%), B (0.5%) and S (4%); Fertilizer C - Mo and L-Glutamic acid). The treatments were applied isolated and in mixtures, plus the control treatment, totalizing 21 treatments. The variables evaluated were phytotoxicity at 14 and 21 DAT, a thousand-grain weight and grain yield. The analysis of variance was performed and, when significant, the comparison of groups of treatments using orthogonal contrasts was applied to all variables. Soybean yield was also compared to the means of the treatments by the Scott-Knott test (p≤0.05). Phytotoxicity was detected in the soybean crop at 14 DAT with the application of glyphosate, foliar fertilizers and the association of the two products. However, only the highest dose of glyphosate, with or without foliar fertilizers, generally reduced crop grain yield. In addition, the application of foliar fertilizers isolated and associated with glyphosate, in soils with adequate levels of nutrients, does not increase thousand-grain weight or grain. It is concluded that the glyphosate dose for soybeans should be respected and foliar fertilizers should be carefully studied before recommendation.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics and soybean yields after using different limestone sources

2020 ◽  
pp. 1328-1334
Author(s):  
Adaniel Sousa dos Santos ◽  
Leandro Pereira Pacheco ◽  
Rafael Felippe Ratke ◽  
Weverson Lima Fonseca ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Tropical Soil ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Block Design

In this study, the growth and productive characteristics of the soybean were investigated in no-till system after using limestone in a tropical soil of the Brazilian Cerrado. The study was conducted in a Typic Hapludox. The sources of limestone came from Piauí miners (C1, C2 and C3) and from a mining company in Ceará (C4) plus a control treatment (without limestone), with four replicates, during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons, in a randomized block design. The limestone was applied in October 2012, using a gravity distribution. The limestone rate applied was 2.73 Mg ha-1 to raise the soil base saturation to 60%. The final plant stand, relative chlorophyll index, leaf area index, shoot dry matter, photosynthetically active radiation, the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation, number of stems, pod number per plant, thousand-grain mass and grain yield of the soybean were evaluated. There were significant differences between the sources of limestone, with emphasis on the sources C1 and C4 due to the greater increases in plant growth and soybean grain yield (79% and 90%, respectively, in the 2014/2015 harvest). Soybean yield is correlated to the vegetative and reproductive development of the plant when cultivated in a tropical soil of the Cerrado corrected with limestone.

scholarly journals Doses of bokashi in the growth of two basil cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Roberto Takane ◽  
Cyro Fragoso Silva ◽  
Jessica Soares Pereira ◽  
Christian Morimasa Takemura ◽  
Talita Angélica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The present work aimed to evaluate the influence of use, as well as to determine adequate doses in organic fertilization of the bokashi type in the cultivation of two basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars. Seeds from the collection of the Floriculture Laboratory of the Phytotechnics Department of the Federal University of Ceará were used. The treatments used were arranged in a randomized block design (RBD), arranged in a 2x5 factorial scheme, consisting of two cultivars of basil (Genovese and Anão) and five doses of Bokashi, namely: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 18 g.L-1. Plants that received no dose (0 g.L-1) served as a control treatment. Each treatment contained 5 repetitions, with the plot consisting of 7 pots, one plant per pot, the useful unit a pot with a basil seedling. From the transplant, applications of bokashi were started in doses of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 18 g.L-1 in both cultivars. Both applications were performed every 20 days after the first application of Bokashi. Fivety five days after transplantation in the final pot, the following variables were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry mass of the aerial part and the root. The 9 g.L-1 dose of Bokashi showed the best results for the variables analyzed for both cultivars, in addition to being efficient when compared to the control, in which the vegetative growth was incipient.

scholarly journals Sowing depths of brachiaria in intercropping with corn in no tillage planting

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo de N. Gazola ◽  
Luiz M. M. de Melo ◽  
Raíssa P. Dinalli ◽  
Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽  
Cássia M. de P. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Total Production ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The forage production in crop-livestock integration is critical both for formation of straw for no tillage planting and food for livestock farm. The experiment was conducted in the autumn/winter of 2009 and 2010, in the city of Selvíria -state of Mato Grosso do Sul -MS, Brazil, at Experimental Station of FEIS/UNESP. The objective was to evaluate the optimal depth for deposition of seeds of two Brachiaria species intercropped with corn with emphasis on grain yield and straw. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a factorial scheme 3 x 3, with four replications. The main treatments were two species of Brachiaria (Urochloa brizantha "Marandú" and Urochloa ruziziensis), which seeds were mixed with corn fertilizer and a control treatment (without intercropping). Secondary treatments consisted of three depths (8; 10 and 16 cm) in the deposition of fertilizer (in the consortium and the control treatments). The intercropping corn with Brachiaria produced similar amounts of straw. The straw total production was higher when intercropped and decreased with depth. The consortium with U. ruziziensis provided higher grain yield of corn in relation to U. brizantha, in 2010. The sowing depth of forages did not affect corn yield.

Assessment of genetic variability for quantitative characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under post flood situation in sali

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Dalibha Pathak ◽  
Umesh Ch. Kalita
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle

Sixteen genotypes of rice (including one check) were evaluated on 18 quantitative traits during sali (August), 2018 in a randomized block design with three replications at Instruction cum Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to study the nature and magnitude of variability, heritability and genetic advance under delayed sown condition. The analysis of variance for 18 quantitative traits revealed the presence of significant differences for grain yield and its component characters. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed for chaffs per panicle followed by grains per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), spikelets per panicle, grain yield (kg/ha). A high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height (cm), spikelets per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), chaffs per panicle, grains per panicle, grain yield (g/hill), grain yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha), straw weight (kg/ha) and harvest index (%) indicating that selection might be effective for improvement of these characters under delayed sown condition with low input. From the findings of this investigation, one genotype viz., Gandhari emerged as the outstanding genotype which yielded 4170 kg/ha and could be directly used for cultivation in delayed sown situation with low inputs. Some other promising genotypes that yielded higher than the check Manoharsali under delayed sown condition were JR 29, JR 16, Basundhara and JR 60 and could be utilized as potential parental material in the hybridization programmes designed to develop suitable rice varieties for delayed sown situation.

scholarly journals Weed control in corn and weed sample size for growth evaluations

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Tavella ◽  
P.S.L. Silva ◽  
V.R. Oliveira ◽  
P.L.O. Fernandes ◽  
R.P. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Experimental Variation ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Viable Seeds

The objectives of this study were to evaluate baby corn yield, green corn yield, and grain yield in corn cultivar BM 3061, with weed control achieved via a combination of hoeing and intercropping with gliricidia, and determine how sample size influences weed growth evaluation accuracy. A randomized block design with ten replicates was used. The cultivar was submitted to the following treatments: A = hoeings at 20 and 40 days after corn sowing (DACS), B = hoeing at 20 DACS + gliricidia sowing after hoeing, C = gliricidia sowing together with corn sowing + hoeing at 40 DACS, D = gliricidia sowing together with corn sowing, and E = no hoeing. Gliricidia was sown at a density of 30 viable seeds m-2. After harvesting the mature ears, the area of each plot was divided into eight sampling units measuring 1.2 m² each to evaluate weed growth (above-ground dry biomass). Treatment A provided the highest baby corn, green corn, and grain yields. Treatment B did not differ from treatment A with respect to the yield values for the three products, and was equivalent to treatment C for green corn yield, but was superior to C with regard to baby corn weight and grain yield. Treatments D and E provided similar yields and were inferior to the other treatments. Therefore, treatment B is a promising one. The relation between coefficient of experimental variation (CV) and sample size (S) to evaluate growth of the above-ground part of the weeds was given by the equation CV = 37.57 S-0.15, i.e., CV decreased as S increased. The optimal sample size indicated by this equation was 4.3 m².

scholarly journals Genotype selection and addition of fertilizer increases grain yield in upland rice in Suriname

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Stephan NASCENTE ◽  
Ruby KROMOCARDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT The upland rice farmers in Suriname use local varieties and low level technologies in the field. As a result, the upland rice grain yield is low, at about 1 000 kg ha-1. Our objective was to evaluate the use of upland rice cultivars from Suriname and Brazil, and the effect of nitrogen, N, phosphorus, P, and potassium, K, fertilizers on cultivation variables. We undertook four field trials in the Victoria Area, in the Brokopondo District, using a randomized block design each with four replications. The most productive rice varieties were BRS Esmeralda (grain yield 2 903 kg ha-1) and BRS Sertaneja (2 802 kg ha-1). The highest grain yield of 2 620 kg ha-1 was achieved with a top dressing application of 76.41 kg N ha-1 20 days after sowing. For P, the highest grain yield of 3 085 kg ha-1 was achieved with application of 98.06 kg ha-1 P2O5 applied at sowing. An application rate of 31.45 kg ha-1 of K2O at sowing achieved the highest grain yield of 2 952 kg ha-1. Together, these application rates of N, P and K resulted in rice grain yield of about 3 000 kg ha-1, which is three times greater than the national average for upland rice. We demonstrate that the use of improved rice varieties matched to the local conditions, and application of appropriate fertilizers, are management practices that can result in significant increases in rice grain yield in Suriname.

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