Path analysis and canonical variables of intervarietal maize hybrids

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the cereal most produced in the world, due to its wide scope and utilization in human and animal diet. This study aims to evaluate the agronomic performance of intervarietal maize hybrids, as well as the linear associations, interrelations of cause and effect, and the genotypes dispersion through canonical variates. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural year of 2014/2015. The crosses that originated the hybrids were carried out on the growing season of 2013/2014 and hybrids evaluated on 2014/2015. The hybrids were arranged in randomized blocks, being 13 treatments with five repetitions. The measured characters were: plant height, spike insertion height, stem diameter, spike diameter, spike length, spike mass, number of rows of grains per spike, number of grains per row, cob diameter, cob mass, spike grains mass, mass of a thousand grains, grain length and grain yield. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and mean values compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. The Pearson’s linear correlation analysis and path analysis were performed using grain yield as a dependent character. Furthermore, the analysis of canonical variables was carried out. The hybrid H5: G3 X G4 revealed higher grain yield, spike grains mass, number of grains per row and spike diameter. Grain yield of intervarietal hybrids presented positive correlations with the traits such as stem diameter, spike diameter, spike length, number of grains per row, mass of a thousand grains, grain length and spike grains mass. Spike diameter and spike length presented higher direct effects on grain yield of intervarietal hybrids. The canonical variates revealed the formation of five phenotypically distinct groups of intervarietal hybrids.

Download Full-text

Agronomic parameters and morpho-agronomic characteristics of genetically modified maize hybrids compared to conventional maize hybrids

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n4a2020-47973 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Leandro Nogueira Ramos ◽

Nara Oliveira Silva Souza ◽

Michelle Souza Vilela

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Central Lines ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Agronomic Characteristics ◽

Bt Genes ◽

Midwest Region ◽

Bt Gene

The objectives were to study the behavior of fifteen pre-commercial upland maize hybrids, analyze their agronomic performance regarding grain yield, and evaluate productivity components, as well as morpho-agronomic characteristics, in the Midwest Region of Brazil. Two experiments were conducted in the municipalities of Formosa-GO and Planaltina-DF, 2016/17 crop year. Both consisted of five pre-commercial maize hybrid platforms (HPA252, HPB262, HPB621, HPB646, and HPD354). Each platform consisted of three different versions: conventional, transgenic with a Bt gene that expresses the protein Cry1F, and transgenic with two Bt genes that express the proteins Cry1F and Cry1AB. The experiment was randomized blocks with four replications. The experimental plot was four lines five meters long considering the two central lines as useful. The lines were spaced 0.75 meters apart, and the final density was five plants per linear meter. To estimate grain yield, the plots were harvested, and the weight was extrapolated to kg.ha-1. The moisture was standardized at 14%. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability using the Sisvar software. Grain yield between treatments ranged from 8,381 to 12,908 kg.ha-1, and the average yield was 11,234 kg.ha-1. The parameters evaluated were divided into two groups. The first group contained parameters determining grain yield: grain depth, thousand grains weight, number of rows of grains, number of grains per row, and grain yield. The second group contained morpho-agronomic parameters that directly interfere with resistance to lodging and plant breaking: plant height, ear insertion height, and mean stem diameter. There was no direct effect of the transgenes on the evaluated hybrids since the classification of productivity was not divided into conventional and transgenic classes. It is suggested that the HPA252YH, HP621H and HP646H versions be discarded because grain yield performance was unsatisfactory compared to their respective conventional and transgenic counterparts. The parameters GD and W1000 are more effective for grain yield estimation than NR and NG. It was observed for HP621H that, in addition to a lower grain yield, there was a significant reduction in stem diameter, indicating a possible reduction in lodging tolerance and/or plant breaking when exposed to adverse climatic conditions such as windstorms. For the HPD354H version, the release of the transgenic counterpart HPD354YH is preferentially indicated since the H version had a significant reduction in stem diameter and a possible greater tolerance to lodging and/or plant breaking under the same conditions.

Download Full-text

Sequential Path Analysis for Determination of Relationship Between Yield and Yield Components in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum.L.)

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb619105 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 119-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohtasham MOHAMMADI ◽

Peyman SHARIFI ◽

Rahmatollah KARIMIZADEH

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Plant Height ◽

Canopy Temperature ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Early Growth ◽

Spike Length ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Growth Vigor ◽

Positive Direct

An experiment was conducted to evaluate 295 wheat genotypes in Alpha-Lattice design with two replications. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation of grain yield was 2706 and 950 (kg/ha),respectively. The results of correlation coefficients indicated that grain yield had significant and positive association with plant height, spike length, early growth vigor and agronomic score. Whereas there were negative correlation coefficients between grain yield and days to physiological maturity and canopy temperature before and during anthesis. Path analysis indicated agronomic score and plant height had high positive direct effects on grain yield, while canopy temperature before and during anthesis, and days to maturity, wes another trait having negative direct effect on grain yield. The results of sequential path analysis showed the traits that accounted as a criteria variable for high grain yield were agronomic score, plant height, canopy temperature, spike length, chlorophyll content and early growth vigor, which were determined as first, second and third order variables and had strong effects on grain yield via one or more paths. More important, as canopy temperature, agronomic score and early growth vigor can be evaluated quickly and easily, these traits may be used for evaluation of large populations.

Download Full-text

Interrelations of Characters and Multivariate Analysis in Corn

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n2p187 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 187 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽

Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽

Kassiana Kehl ◽

Alan Junior de Pelegrin ◽

Maicon Nardino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Genetic Basis ◽

Block Design ◽

Dispersion Analysis ◽

Agricultural Crop ◽

Corn Hybrids ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Canonical Variables ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Santa Maria

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn hybrids, the interrelations of the characters with the grain yield, and to genetically discriminate the corn hybrids by means of the dispersion analysis of the canonical variables. The experiment was conducted in the agricultural crop of 2013/2014, in an area belonging to the Federal University of Santa Maria, Campus of Frederico Westphalen, RS. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replications. The treatments were composed of seven maize hybrids with different genetic bases and maturation cycles. The LG 6304 modified simple hybrid has higher grain yield than the others. The characters plant height, spike insertion height and number of grains per row of spike have positive interrelations with grain yield of corn hybrids. Hybrids are not grouped according to the genetic basis and maturation cycle. The canonical variables explain 94.62% of the existing genetic variation, and allows the formation of five groups of maize hybrids.

Download Full-text

Path analysis and multivariate factorial analyses for determining interrelationships between grain yield and related characters in maize hybrids

African Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5897/ajar11.1581 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (48) ◽

pp. 6437-6446 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marefatzadeh Khameneh M ◽

Bahraminejad S ◽

Sadeghi F ◽

Jalali Honarm S ◽

Maniee M

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Maize Hybrids

Download Full-text

Path Analysis of Grain Yield and Yield Components and Some Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201462050945 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 945-952 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohsen Janmohammadi ◽

Naser Sabaghnia ◽

Mojtaba Nouraein

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Yield Components ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Spikelet Number ◽

Grain Length ◽

Grain Diameter

Development of new bread wheat cultivars needs efficient tools to monitor trait association in a breeding program. This investigation was aimed to characterize grain yield components and some agronomic traits related to bread wheat grain yield. The efficiency of a breeding program depends mainly on the direction of the correlation between different traits and the relative importance of each component involved in contributing to grain yield. Correlation and path analysis were carried out in 56 bread wheat genotypes grown under field conditions of Maragheh, Iran. Observations were recorded on 18 wheat traits and correlation coefficient analysis revealed grain yield was positively correlated with stem diameter, spike length, floret number, spikelet number, grain diameter, grain length and 1000 seed weight traits. According to the variance inflation factor (VIF) and tolerance as multicollinearity statistics, there are inconsistent relationships among the variables and all traits could be considered as first-order variables (Model I) with grain yield as the response variable due to low multicollinearity of all measured traits. In the path coefficient analysis, grain yield represented the dependent variable and the spikelet number and 1000 seed weight traits were the independent ones. Our results indicated that the number of spikelets per spikes and leaf width and 1000 seed weight traits followed by the grain length, grain diameter and grain number per spike were the traits related to higher grain yield. The above mentioned traits along with their indirect causal factors should be considered simultaneously as an effective selection criteria evolving high yielding genotype because of their direct positive contribution to grain yield.

Download Full-text

Path Analysis of Green Maize Components from Hybrids Cultivated Under Reduced Spacing

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n18p131 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (18) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Luan de Oliveira Nascimento ◽

Josimar Batista Ferreira ◽

Gleisson de Oliveira Nascimento ◽

Marcio de Oliveira Martins ◽

Antonia Fabiana Barros de Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Path Analysis ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Direct And Indirect Effects ◽

Straw Yield ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Cause And Effect

The yield and cause and effect relationships of green-ear production components of hybrids cultivated in reduced spaced environments were investigated aiming to increase the green ear harvest, as well as to identify the main characteristics that contribute most to the productivity. Four row spacings were evaluated using three commercial hybrids. The experiment lasted three months and were evaluated: plant height (PH) and ear insertion height (EIH), leaf area (LA), stem diameter (SD), total number of ears, total ear yield, number of ear with straw and without straw, yield of ears with straw (YES) and yield ear without straw (YEWS), ear length (EL) and ear diameter (ED). In addition, the full correlation in direct and indirect effects was performed by the path analysis of the PH, EIH, LA, SD, EL, ED characters on the YEWS. It was found that the reduction of spacing to 60 cm favors higher YEWS without compromising the quality, size and diameter of the green ears. However, the EL, EIH and SD are the main characters that directly and indirectly influence the yield of green ears of maize hybrids cultivated in reduced spaced environment.

Download Full-text

Agronomic Performance and Multivariate Analysis Applied to Three-Waycross Maize Hybrids

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n5p319 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 319

Author(s):

Tiago Corazza da Rosa ◽

Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽

Vinicius Jardel Szareski ◽

Alan Junior de Pelegrin ◽

Mauricio Horbach Barbosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Phenotypic Variability ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Maize Grain Yield ◽

Canonical Variables ◽

Growing Environment ◽

Maize Grain

The aim of this wok was to evaluate the agronomic performance of three-waycross maize hybrids grown in different environments, to determine linear associations and to employ multivariate analysis for the measured traits. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in factorial scheme, arranged in three replicates. The three-way cross maize hybrids evaluated evidence phenotypic variability for the traits spike diameter, spike length, number of rows with grains, number of grains per row, cob mass and spike grains mass. The growing environment of Campos Borges-RS favors the increment of spike diameter, number of grains per row, spike mass, cob diameter, cob mass, mass of a thousand grains, spike grains mass and grain yield. Significant interactions between three-way cross maize hybrids and growing environments are verified for plant height, spike insertion height and prolificity. The traits spike diameter, mass of a thousand grains and mass of grains per spike present positive correlation with maize grain yield. The distinction of three-way cross hybrids is based on spike insertion height, spike diameter, plant height and mass of a thousand grains. The hybrids 2B688 HX® and 2A55 HX® are genetically closer, according to the biometric approach of canonical variables.

Download Full-text