scholarly journals Demand for charcoal among petty traders in Oyo state, Nigeria: a paradox of survival and environmental degradation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Fatai Abiola Sowunmi ◽  
Adewumi Oyewunmi Oyebanjo ◽  
Osarobo Cecil Omigie ◽  
Zakariyah Olayiwola Amoo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Wood Age ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Over Exploitation

Striking a balance between human survival heightened by mass unemployment and the environment is crucial to the sustainability of the natural resources. The role of petty trader is important in ensuring that the excess supply during harvest is processed into the forms (roasted maize, yam, plantain, meat and chicken) appreciated by consumers instead of being a loss to farmer. While average daily income of 2670.79 Nigerian naira (₦) was assured, substantial quantity of charcoal (46786.3 kg) was utilized per week by petty traders. This is equivalent of 20.6 hectares of wood. The per capita charcoal utilization per week for suya, roasted yam and plantain sellers were 178.7 kg, 85.2 kg and 145.8 kg, respectively. These were obtained from clearing 0.8 ha (suya), 0.4 ha (roasted yam) and 0.6 ha (plantain) of wood. Age of respondents, experience in petty trading and hours of trading per day have a positive influence on the quantity of charcoal utilized per day, while frequency of purchase (charcoal) and rainy season have a negative relationship with quantity of charcoal used per day. Considering the appreciable quantity of charcoal utilization among petty traders and its negative effect on the environment, government should go beyond collecting taxes from charcoal producers. Also, the need for control over exploitation of trees and mobilization of staff of the Ministry of Forestry for prompt tree planting are required.

scholarly journals Impact of Economic Growth Per Capita and Foreign Direct Investment on Income Inequality in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 10013
Author(s):  
Suryahani Irma ◽  
Susilowati Indah ◽  
S. B. M. Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Better Than

Income inequality is an important issue in Indonesia. Currently the income inequality in Indonesia is worse than in Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, although it is better than the Philippines and China. This study aimed to analyze the influence of economic growth per capita and foreign direct investment on income inequality in Indonesia.The study period was from 2007 to 2016. This study used a multiple linear regression. The results showed that economic growth per capita and foreign direct investmenthad positive influence onincome inequality. Therefore, the role of economic growth per capita and foreign direct investment will remain high in the future.

scholarly journals BOARD COMPOSITION AND SERVICE DELIVERY AMONG COUNTY OWNED WATER ORGANIZATIONS IN WESTERN KENYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
J. Simiyu ◽  
M. K Chepkesis
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Statistical Effect

Purpose: Corporate governance principles enable organizations to achieve their objectives through better decision making among board composition. County owned water organizations in Western Kenya may have good board composition among directors but the extent to which they perform, influence service delivery. The purpose was to find out whether board composition has statistical significant effect on service delivery. Methodology: The study was guided by Resource Dependency theory which focuses on the role of directors in organizations and employed a descriptive design specifically, inferential statictics. Study area included Amatsi, Nzoia and Kakamega water and sanitation companies and data was obtained from directors, managers, employees and customers. Yamane formula was used to determine sample size for respondents and sampling was done by stratified, simple random technique. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guides. Reliability, validity, normality and multicolinearity, were tested. Data analysis was done using inferential statistics of Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient to find out the association between board composition and service delivery, Simple Linear Regression was used to find out the statistical effect of board composition on service delivery. Results: The findings indicated that there exists a negative relationship between board composition and service delivery and therefore board composition has no statistical significant effect on service delivery among county owned water organizations in Western Kenya. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that organizations need to put more emphasis on the board composition and also build capacity of board members in order to ensure that boards become more effective in order to have positive influence on service delivery. It is hoped that the findings will benefit stakeholders in water organizations in Kenya such as county and national government, customers, donors and researchers.

Disappointment in God and Relational Spirituality: Moderator Effects for Meditative Prayer

2019 ◽  
pp. 009164711987029
Author(s):  
David R. Paine ◽  
Steven J. Sandage
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Relational Spirituality ◽  
Moderator Effects ◽  
Spiritual Struggles ◽  
Petitionary Prayer ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years, there have been a number of studies exploring the positive and negative aspects of spirituality. While many studies have indicated spirituality has a generally positive influence in persons’ lives, people also experience negative effects associated with spiritual struggles. Studies have also suggested that spiritual practices such as prayer have the potential to mitigate the difficult and distressing aspects of spirituality. In this study, we explore the role of prayer in the relationship between disappointment in God and relational spirituality (i.e. how one relates to what they perceive to be sacred). Our results indicated that meditative prayer has a moderating effect, such that the negative relationship between disappointment in God and relational spirituality outcomes became less significant as subjects engaged in more frequent meditative prayer. Significant effects were not found for colloquial prayer or petitionary prayer.

scholarly journals Effects of eutrophication and Typha domingensis Pers on methanogenesis in tropical constructed wetland

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Maria da Cunha de Oliveira Santos Neves ◽  
Glauca Torres Aragon ◽  
Emmanoel Vieira da Silva Filho
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Typha Domingensis ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

AIM: Constructed wetlands (CWs) have shown to be an efficient way for removing nutrients from wastewaters. However, a negative effect is the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Methane (CH4) is a GHG released from the organic matter degradation under anaerobic conditions by methanogenic bacteria. In CWs, the excessive nutrient inputs may stimulate both primary production and methanogenesis and then affect the overall cost-benefit balance of this system. Here, we assessed the role of cattail stands (Typha domingensis Pers) on CH4 concentrations in eutrophic and mesotrophic constructed wetlands. METHODS: CWs were filled with water and sediment colonized by the aquatic macrophyte Typha domingensis Pers from two tropical freshwater lakes, one mesotrophic and another eutrophic. RESULTS: Our results showed consistently higher CH4 concentrations in waters and sediment in the eutrophic CWs than in the mesotrophic CWs (two times), indicating a positive influence of eutrophication on methanogenesis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, CH4 emissions from tropical CWs demand to be considered or even mitigated in any use of this system.

Internationalization Strategy of Small and Medium-Sized Family Businesses: Some Influential Factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulima Fernández ◽  
María J. Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Family Smes ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Internationalization Strategy

This article studies some aspects of the internationalization strategy of family SMEs. After examining the various problems facing family SMEs as regards internationalization, in terms of lack of resources, some mechanisms are discussed to counteract their negative effect. Using a wide sample of Spanish SMEs, we confirm the existence of a negative relationship between family ownership and internationalization, measured by export activities. We also analyze the role of generational changeovers and stable relationships with other firms through shareholding or agreements aimed to promote international expansion. These mechanisms are set out to provide family SMEs with the necessary resources that have proved to be key factors in a successful internationalization process.

scholarly journals CSR Disclosure: Effects of Political Ties, Executive Turnover and Shareholder Equity. Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3623
Author(s):  
Fawad Rauf ◽  
Cosmina L. Voinea ◽  
Khwaja Naveed ◽  
Cosmin Fratostiteanu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Executive Turnover ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Political Ties ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Csr Disclosure ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

The context of China fosters different contextual factors, which influences the quality of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in comparison to firms across the rest of the world. Political ties at a corporate level are one of these vital factors. This paper studies the influence of firm-level political ties (PT) and executive turnover (ET) on the quality of CSR disclosure in the context of shareholding status of departing executive in Chinese listed A-share firms. Stakeholder and Agency theories are applied to the dissemination of CSR disclosures in Chinese firms whereby we used 20,578 firm-years interpretations of Chinese registered companies between 2012 and 2019. The results foster a negative link between executive turnover and quality of CSR disclosures. In addition, a negative relationship has been found between political ties and the quality of CSR disclosure. The findings disclose that the shareholding status of departing executive moderate the relationship between the impact of political ties and executive turnover on firms quality of CSR disclosure, whilst the effect of executive turnover on the quality of CSR disclosure was found more pronounced for firms whose departing executive held larger shareholding (SH). This study contributed to the literature on the quality of CSR disclosure while recognizing the negative effect of executive turnover on a firm’s quality of CSR disclosure for politically tied firms with a reinforcing moderating role of the shareholding status of departing executive.

scholarly journals The Role of Macroeconomic Factors as Moderating the Global Sharia Stock Index to the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abid Djazul ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Market Index ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Interaction Test

This study examined the influence of the global sharia stock index on the Indonesian sharia stock index considering macroeconomic factors and their moderating role. The Global sharia Stock Index in this study used the Dow Jones sharia Market Index and the FTSE Global sharia Index Series. The role of moderation is proxied by inflation rate and exchange rate. The research data analysis method used multiple regression analysis and interaction test or moderating regression analysis. The results of the study showed that there was an influence of the Global Sharia Stock Index on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index. In the moderation equation 1 (inflation) and moderation 2 (exchange rate) that interact with the Dow Jones sharia Market Index has a positive influence on each moderation equation. This showed that a moderating interaction with the Dow Jones sharia Market Index will strengthen its influence on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index. The FTSE Global sharia Index Series that interacted with inflation in moderating equation 1 and the exchange rate in moderating equation 2 showed a negative effect. This showed that the interaction of the FTSE Global sharia Index Series with the two macroeconomic variables in each equation weakens its influence on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index.

scholarly journals Diverse Role of Women for Natural Resource Management in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Surabhi Singh ◽  
Sunita Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Resource Degradation ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
Wide Issue ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Over Exploitation

Natural resources are means to satisfy human wants which exist in natural environment and which are available without any type of human endeavour. The degradation of natural resources such as land, water, forest etc. may have an adverse impact on livelihood of rural people. The present review paper determines diverse roles of women for management of various natural resources in India. Vigorous participation of women in decisions and activities related to conservation and well-organized utilization of renewable and non-renewable natural resources is solution of this world wide issue i.e., natural resource degradation. Over exploitation and botched utilization of natural resources can be protected in India through involvement of women in policies and programs made for natural resource management. They will also serve as a treasure of indigenous information for conserving natural resources.

scholarly journals The Potency of Eco-Innovation, Natural Resource and Financial Development on Ecological Footprint: A Quantile-ARDL Based Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Afshan ◽  
Tanzeela Yaqoob
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Resource Rents ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Novel Method

Abstract Given the alarming deterioration of the environment, the present analysis investigates the role of eco-innovation, natural resources and financial development in influencing the environmental degradation of China. Applying the novel method of Quantile-ARDL, the current research is beneficial in portraying the dependence patterns of the variables with special emphasis on the nexus of eco-innovation and ecological footprint across numerous quantiles of the distribution which has not been examined so far in the literature. The empirical findings reveal that in the long run, eco-innovation reduces the level of ecological deterioration in China across all quantiles. On the other hand, the results suggest that the increase in credit to the private sector and natural resource rents augment environmental degradation. The outcomes imply that the over-dependence on natural resources and financial development can worsen the goals of sustainable development in China if the strategies of conservation and management are ignored. Moreover, witnessing the favourable role of eco-innovation, competent policies and regulations can be made towards sustainable efficient technologies and eco-friendly energy sources to halt global warming.

scholarly journals The Effect of Profitability, Leverage, and Size on Environmental Disclosure with the Proportion of Independent Commissioners as Moderating

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Jalu Wicaksono Ardi
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Independent Directors ◽  
Company Size ◽  
Environmental Disclosure ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of profitability, leverage, and company size on environmental disclosure with the proportion of independent directors as moderator. A maximum of 61 agricultural and mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018 was the population of this report. The sampling method used purposing sampling, so with 45 units of analysis, we get 9 sample companies. The quantitative method used regression analysis for balance. The results show that profitability does not influence on environmental disclosure. Leverage has a negative effect on environmental disclosure. Company size has a positive effect on environmental disclosure. The proportion of independent directors is able to moderate the effect of profitability on environmental disclosure but is not able to moderate the effect of leverage and company size on environmental disclosure. This study concludes that leverage has a negative relationship with environmental disclosure and firm size has a positive relationship with environmental disclosure and the proportion of independent commissioners moderates the relationship between profitability and environmental disclosure. The findings show the important role of independent commissioners in environmental disclosure, namely providing investors with a balance and maintaining an unbiased and impartial atmosphere.

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