scholarly journals Features of radiation protection equipment for the staff of X-ray operating rooms

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
S. S. Sarycheva
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Distribution ◽  
International Regulations

This survey is devoted to the staff radiation protection in X-ray operating rooms. For self-safety staff must regularly and correctly use the protective equipment, which is ensured by their availability, convenience and manoeuvrability during procedures performing. The rapid development of interventional radiology led to the fact that the staff work in this area have one of the highest levels of occupational exposure. Unfortunately, domestic radiation protection system does not keep pace with such a rapid development of this branch of medicine. The article shows the basic principles of the distribution of scattered radiation in the X-ray operating room during the procedures performing. The distribution of scattered radiation around the patient for various modes of C-arm angiographic systems is shown. Graphical examples of scattered radiation distribution in X-ray operating rooms are given. Collective and individual protective equipment specifically designed for staff radiation protection in X-ray operating room are considered in detail. The common data on the protection features of the recommended staff protection equipment are presented. Most of the considered protection equipment is mandatory in many European countries, but not mentioned in domestic regulatory documents yet. The proposals for the modernization of the domestic radiation protection system for staff of X-ray operating rooms have been made. These recommendations focused on providing X-ray operating rooms with relevant radiation protection equipment, including eye protection, following the accumulated world experience and international regulations.

Diagnostic radiology—Facility

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G Sutton ◽  
Colin J Martin
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Patient Dose ◽  
Diagnostic Radiology ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Public ◽  
Room Design ◽  
Time Distance ◽  
Dose Constraints ◽  
Dose Levels

The exposure to radiation of staff and members of the public is restricted by seeking suitable compromises between the three basic elements of time, distance, and shielding. This chapter deals with the design of X-ray facilities to ensure that the distance and shielding elements are used appropriately. Criteria in the form of dose constraints for staff and the public based on the ALARP principle are used together with occupancies of adjacent areas to determine acceptable dose levels. Methods for calculating doses from workloads in terms of patient dose data are described. The results are then combined with the dose criteria to derive transmission requirements for protective barriers. Specific requirements for secondary scattered radiation and primary beams in radiography are considered. The methodology is described together with practical examples of room design for different X-ray techniques and elements of personnel radiation protection are discussed.

scholarly journals Characterisation and mapping of scattered radiation fields in interventional radiology theatres

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nowak ◽  
P. Carbonez ◽  
M. Krauss ◽  
F. R. Verdun ◽  
J. Damet
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Staff Member ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Pixel Detector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Surveillance Programs

Abstract We used the Timepix3 hybrid pixel detector technology in order to determine the exposure of medical personnel to ionizing radiation in an interventional radiology room. We measured the energy spectra of the scattered radiation generated by the patient during X-ray image-guided interventional procedures. We performed measurements at different positions and heights within the theatre. We first observed a difference in fluence for each staff member. As expected, we found that the person closest to the X-ray tube is the most exposed while the least exposed staff member is positioned at the patient’s feet. Additionally, we observed a shift in energy from head to toe for practitioners, clearly indicating a non-homogenous energy exposure. The photon counting Timepix3 detector provides a new tool for radiation field characterisation that is easier-to-use and more compact than conventional X-ray spectrometers. The spectral information is particularly valuable for optimising the use of radiation protection gear and improving dosimetry surveillance programs. We also found the device very useful for training purposes to provide awareness and understanding about radiation protection principles among interventional radiology staff.

scholarly journals Study of scattered radiation during fluoroscopy in hip surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
Oksana Lesyuk ◽  
Patrick Emmanuel Sousa ◽  
Sónia Isabel do Espirito Santo Rodrigues ◽  
António Fernando Abrantes ◽  
Rui Pedro Pereira de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Scattered Radiation ◽  
Hip Surgery ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Orthopedic Surgical Procedures ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Objective: To measure the scattered radiation dose at different positions simulating hip surgery. Materials and Methods: We simulated fluoroscopy-assisted hip surgery in order to study the distribution of scattered radiation in the operating room. To simulate the patient, we used a anthropomorphic whole-body phantom, and we used an X-ray-specific detector to quantify the radiation. Radiographs were obtained with a mobile C-arm X-ray system in continuous scan mode, with the tube at 0º (configuration 1) or 90º (configuration 2). The operating parameters employed (voltage, current, and exposure time) were determined by a statistical analysis based on the observation of orthopedic surgical procedures involving the hip. Results: For all measurements, higher exposures were observed in configuration 2. In the measurements obtained as a function of height, the maximum dose rates observed were 1.167 (± 0.023) µSv/s and 2.278 (± 0.023) µSv/s in configurations 1 and 2, respectively, corresponding to the chest level of health care professionals within the operating room. Proximal to the patient, the maximum values were recorded in the position occupied by the surgeon. Conclusion: We can conclude that, in the scenario under study, health care professionals workers are exposed to low levels of radiation, and that those levels can be reduced through the use of personal protective equipment.

scholarly journals Material Analysis of Lead Aprons Using Radiography Non-Destructive Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengku Mohammad Yoshandi ◽  
Hadi Eka Hamdani ◽  
Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Computed Radiography ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Lead Apron ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Worker ◽  
Non Destructive

Lead Apron is a Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) against the effect of Ionizing Radiation such as X-ray. It is essential for the radiation worker to wear Radiation Protection Equipment during commissions involving ionizing radiation. In Pekanbaru, Indonesia the most common radiation worker is Radiographer which help in hospital for diagnose. In this study the Lead Apron analyzed were 6 apron which suspected to have fault due to its inappropriate tend using NDT radiography methods. Radiography methods have advantage of graphic presentation of object unlike any NDT-methods. The image produce from radiography were analyzed using Computed Radiography (CR) and measured the defection of the material. There was only 3 of 6 Lead Apron appropriate for radiation protection. 

P1384Radiation safety and electrophysiologists: radiation protection status

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Krzowski ◽  
M Gawalko ◽  
M Peller ◽  
P Balsam ◽  
P Lodzinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Exposure Control ◽  
Training Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Output ◽  
Professional Exposure ◽  
Level Of Experience

Abstract INTRODUCTION  Ionizing radiation is typically used during variety electrophysiological (EP) procedures, although it may contribute to deterministic effects especially for staff.  PURPOSE  The purpose of this study was to perform an analysis of EP operators’ radiation protective devices for occupational exposure.  METHODS  Data reported herein were gathered from international, multi-site, prospective, Go 4 Zero Fluoroscopy registry. The registry encompassed 25 European EP centers, and up to 5 operators from each center. The presence of operators’ X-ray protection tools was examined to determine the level of operators’ protection. Additionally, the tests included availability of measures to decrease radiation output and exposure control measures. Finally, the analysis of correlation between the X-ray protection and degree of operators’ experience (<5, 5-15,>15 years) as well as number of procedures performed per month (1-9, 10-19, 20-39, >40 procedures/month) was performed.  RESULTS  Our analysis included 95 operators (median age: 39 years, 85% of male, median training time: 5 years). The whole study group performed annually medical examinations due to radiation exposure and 56% of them received dosimetry reports once a month, 5% - once every 3 months, and 39% - once a year. Irrespectively of experience or number of performed procedures the most frequently used X-ray protection tools (used by >80% of group) were lead apron, thyroid shields, screen below the table, glass in the lab, and least often (used by < 6% of group) – protective gloves and cabin. The most often exposure control measures used were chest (95%) followed by collar (31%), ring (24%) and eye (7%) dosimeters. The inverse correlation between level of experience and measures to decrease radiation output was observed (collimation: 84%, 80% and 78%; minimizing the tube-to intensifier distance: 100%, 93% and 91% of operators with <5, 5-15 and >15 years of experience, respectively). There were not observed differences between type of radiation protection equipment and operators’ level of experience or number of procedures. Additionally, there were no differences between male and female operators regarding protective equipment, expect eyeglasses or cabin that were more often used by men. Operators who were protected by >4 X-ray protection tools were exposed for higher radiation levels as compared to those protected by <4 X-ray protection tools (median [IQR] radiation exposure: 0.6 [0.2-1.1] vs 0.2 [0.1-0.2] mSv per month, p < 0.0001; 1.1 [0.1-12.0] vs 0.5 [0.1-1.1] mSv per year, p < 0.0001). There were no differences between the type of (universitary vs non-universitary) or institution’s localization (Eastern vs Central vs Western Europe) and used protective equipment.   CONCLUSIONS  Both proper radiation protective equipment, and regular medical examination due to professional exposure are mandatory to reduce radiation exposure in practice.

scholarly journals Analisis Dosis Paparan Radiasi Pada General X-Ray II Di Instalasi Radiologi Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Semarang

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Ida Septiyanti ◽  
M. Ardhi Khalif ◽  
Edi Daenur Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Radiation Source ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ion Chamber ◽  
Radiation Distribution ◽  
Exposure Distribution

Background: This study analyzes the Radiation Dose of the General X-ray Radiology Installation at Roemani Hospital  Muhammadiyah Semarang to determine the dose received by the radiographer, the community around the room and to know the value of the effectiveness of radiation protection and to determine the pattern of radiation exposure distribution in the general X-ray radiology installation room II.Methods: Measurements were taken during general X-ray exposure and without exposure using a 451P ion chamber survey. Measurement of dose data received by the radiographer and the community around the room is taken at the point of the operator’s room, service room, waiting room. As for the measurement of the effectiveness of radiation protection taken at the point in the operator’s room and the general X-ray II and the radiation distribution pattern taken at points A, B, C, D and E with a distance of 40 cm, 80 cm and 120 cm in the room general X-ray II.Result: The result of measurements in the operator room are 0.0354 µSv / hour, waiting rooms with a distance of 3.5 m at 0.0146 µSv / hour, in the service room and waiting room with a distance of 8 m at 0 µSv / hour. The value of the effectiveness of radiation protection in the operator station is 83.33% and the general X-ray II door is 84.09%.Conclusions: Based on the results of the data obtained the value of the dose received and the value of effectiveness is quite safe from excessive radiation exposure. The radiation distribution pattern, the farther the distance from the radiation source, the measured radiation exposure value will be lower. 

Radiological safety and assessment of the performance of X-ray systems in veterinary facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
C.J. Hourdakis ◽  
C. Pafilis ◽  
G. Simantirakis ◽  
P. Tritakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Atomic Energy Commission ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radiological Safety ◽  
High Level

This paper concerns an analysis regarding the performance of X-ray equipment as well as the radiological safety in veterinary facilities. Data were collected from 380 X-ray veterinary facilities countrywide during the on-site regulatory inspections carried out by the Greek Atomic Energy Commission. The analysis of the results shows that the majority of the veterinary radiographic systems perform within the acceptable limits; moreover, the design and shielding of X-ray rooms as well as the applied procedures ensure a high level of radiological safety for the practitioners, operators and the members of the public. An issue that requires specific attention in the optimization process for the proper implementation of veterinary radiology practices in terms of radiological safety is the continuous training of the personnel. The above findings and the regulatory experience gained were valuable decision-making elements regarding the type of the regulatory control of veterinary radiology practices in the new radiation protection framework.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document