scholarly journals CARDIOVASCULAR SAFETY OF GLIPTINS. FOCUS ON ALOGLIPTIN

2017 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
N. A. Petunina ◽  
E. V. Goncharova ◽  
S. A. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Chronic Progressive Disease ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Neutral Effect

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic progressive disease the prevalence of which is increasing. The development of new strategies for the treatment of diabetes, among which drugs that modulate the “incretin effect” are worth noting, continues. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4, gliptins) are a group of oral antidiabetic incretin drugs that enhance the glucose-induced activity of β-cells and suppress excessive glucagon secretion by pancreatic α-cells. This group of antidiabetic drugs is widespread due to a number of relevant benefits, such as neutral effect on body weight, low risk of hypoglycaemia, convenient administration scheme and good adherence to treatment. Efficacy and safety of treatment demonstrated by global multicenter trials allow for a wide use of gliptins in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Possible applications of gliptins (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on the various modes of insulin therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gagik Radikovich Galstyan ◽  
Svetlana Viktorovna Sergeeva
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Insulin Requirement ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

The evidence for DPP-4 inhibitors effectiveness at the late stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are still growing. This is particularly important for those patients who receive insulin without adequately glycemic control. This publication provides the overview of studies which demonstrate high efficacy of Vildagliptin in reducing the blood glucose level in patients with hight duration of T2DM and insulin therapy. DPP-4 inhibitors normalize basal and postprandial glucagon secretion with pancreas α-cells that helps to provide better glycemic control and to reduce a risk of hypoglycemia. Besides, there are very interesting data for Vildagliptin to reduce insulin requirement in T2DM patients in addition to HbA1clevel decrease.

scholarly journals Urate-lowering effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Taras S. Panevin ◽  
Olga V. Zhelyabina ◽  
Maxim S. Eliseev ◽  
Marina V. Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components

Hyperuricemia is an increase of uric acid (UA) concentration in blood serum >420 pmol/L in men or >360 pmol/L in women and is considered to be a common biochemical abnormality. This condition shows that the extracellular fluid is oversaturated with urates, which concentration exceeds the limit of their solubility. This fact predisposes to the formation of crystals of sodium salt of UA and results in gout, urolithiasis, and other diseases. The frequent combination and relationship between purine and carbohydrate metabolism were noted in previous studies. In this regard, the choice of drugs for correcting these disorders should consider the possibility of a combined positive effect on the UA and serum glucose levels. The hypoglycemic drugs with pleiotropic effects on several metabolic syndrome components are considered to be of particular interest. Currently, one of the most frequently prescribed groups of drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2 are dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, which affect the level of incretins (gliptins). These drugs can be potentially attractive in patients with purine metabolism disorders since the available data indicate that these drugs affect UA level.

The Effect of DPP-4i on Endothelial Function and Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Placebo-controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (46) ◽  
pp. 5980-5987
Author(s):  
Stavroula A. Paschou ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Evanthia Bletsa ◽  
Panagiota K. Stampouloglou ◽  
Evangelos Oikonomou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Atherosclerosis Progression ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Neutral Effect

: We systematically reviewed the literature regarding the impact of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) on vascular function, including endothelial function and arterial stiffness, as predictors of atherosclerosis progression and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We searched PubMed in order to identify clinical trials that investigated the effect of DPP-4i on vascular function in patients with T2DM when compared with placebo. Although 168 articles were initially found, only 6 studies (total 324 patients) investigated the effect of DPP-4i in comparison with placebo, specifically linagliptin and sitagliptin, and satisfied the inclusion criteria. There are scarce data to indicate that linagliptin may enhance endothelial function and exert a slight beneficial effect on arterial wall properties. Sitagliptin seems to have a neutral effect on these variables. Further trials are needed to elucidate the topic. The standards of reporting were in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.

scholarly journals Further Possible Mechanisms of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors to Decrease Blood Glucose in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. JCM.S8408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Koshiyama
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Stimulate Insulin Secretion ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

Recently, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have been launched into clinical use for type 2 diabetes in Japan. Shortly after its use, several cases have been reported, in which the co-administration of DPP-4 inhibitors with sulfonylureas caused severe hyperglycemia in Japan. Additionally, the efficacy to improve glycemic control was greater than expected. Taken together, it is suggested that DPP-4 inhibitors may have other action mechanisms than to stimulate insulin secretion in glucose-dependent manner. I present here several possible mechanisms of DPP-4 inhibitors to reduce blood glucose in type 2 diabetes; first, to inhibit glucagon secretion, second, to stimulate glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) secretion, which may regain its action to stimulate insulin secretion when hyperglycemia has been improved, third, to recover the response to sulfonylureas by restoring pancreatic ATP levels, fourth, to stimulate glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion directly from the intestine, and finally to inhibit the action of DPP-4 as an adipokine.

scholarly journals The association of bullous pemphigoid with dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors: a ten-year prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaia Lambadiari ◽  
Aikaterini Kountouri ◽  
Foteini Kousathana ◽  
Emmanouil Korakas ◽  
Georgios Kokkalis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Dermatology Department ◽  
Steroid Administration ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Background Bullous pemphigoid is the most common bullous chronic autoimmune skin disease. Recent studies have suggested dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors as possible predisposing agents of bullous pemphigoid. The objective of our study was to prospectively estimate the association between gliptins and the development of bullous pemphigoid. Methods We conducted a prospective study which included all patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven bullous pemphigoid in the Dermatology Department of our hospital between April 1, 2009 and December 31,2019. The diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid was based on specific clinical, histological and immunological features. Results Overall 113 consecutive patients (age 75 ± 13 years, 62 females) with the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid were enrolled. Seventy-six patients (67.3%) suffered from type 2 Diabetes and 52 (46%) were treated with dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors. The most frequent prescribed gliptin was vildagliptin, being administered to 45 cases (39.8% of total patients enrolled, 86.5% of the patients treated with gliptins). Gliptins were withdrawn immediately after the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid, which together with steroid administration led to remission of the rash. Conclusions This study revealed that treatment with dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors, especially vildagliptin, is significantly associated with an increased risk of bullous pemphigoid development.

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