Sleep disorders in migraine

Migraine and sleep disorders are common in the general population, may be associated with each other and often significantly reduce patients’ quality of life. Clinicians and epidemiological studies have long acknowledged a link between these conditions. However, the exact nature of this relationship, its underlying mechanisms and patterns are complex and not fully understood. This publication brings together the latest data on the relationship between migraine and sleep disorders: the biochemical and functional-anatomical background, the mutual influence of these conditions on each other and the typical sleep disturbances in migraine patients (such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, parasomnia, snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness). The paper discusses the hypotheses of pathogenetic relationships based on the studies of the central nervous system’s anatomical and physiological features in people with migraine and sleep disorders. The available data should encourage physicians to evaluate sleep quality in migraineurs and use combination therapy systematically. The therapy of insomnia is reviewed: both nonpharmacological and pharmacological therapies are discussed; the advantages of an integrated approach are discussed, and a brief overview of each group of medications is offered.Lastly, a case study of a patient with chronic migraine and insomnia treated with Doxylamine in combination therapy is presented. Treatment with Doxylamine significantly reduced the incidence of insomnia, probably thereby positively influencing the course of migraine as well.

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Understanding the Link Between Allergy and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Current Review of Factors and Mechanisms

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2020.603571 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Regena Xin Yi Chua ◽

Michelle Jia Yu Tay ◽

Delicia Shu Qin Ooi ◽

Kewin Tien Ho Siah ◽

Elizabeth Huiwen Tham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Both allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders are non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that not only impact on the quality of life and but also result in substantial economic burden. Immune dysregulation and inflammation are typical hallmarks in both allergic and neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting converging pathophysiology. Epidemiological studies provided convincing evidence for the link between allergy and neurodevelopmental diseases such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Possible factors influencing the development of these disorders include maternal depression and anxiety, gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal allergic status, diet, exposure to environmental pollutants, microbiome dysbiosis, and sleep disturbances that occur early in life. Moreover, apart from inflammation, epigenetics, gene expression, and mitochondrial dysfunction have emerged as possible underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of these conditions. The exploration and understanding of these shared factors and possible mechanisms may enable us to elucidate the link in the comorbidity.

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Migraine and sleep disorders: a systematic review

The Journal of Headache and Pain ◽

10.1186/s10194-020-01192-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cindy Tiseo ◽

◽

Alessandro Vacca ◽

Anton Felbush ◽

Tamara Filimonova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Nervous System ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Exact Nature ◽

Causative Role ◽

Socio Economic Impact ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Migraine and sleep disorders are common and often burdensome chronic conditions with a high prevalence in the general population, and with considerable socio-economic impact and costs. The existence of a relationship between migraine and sleep disorders has been recognized from centuries by clinicians and epidemiological studies. Nevertheless, the exact nature of this association, the underlying mechanisms and interactions are complex and not completely understood. Recent biochemical and functional imaging studies identified central nervous system structures and neurotransmitters involved in the pathophysiology of migraine and also important for the regulation of normal sleep architecture, suggesting a possible causative role, in the pathogenesis of both disorders, of a dysregulation in these common nervous system pathways. This systematic review summarizes the existing data on migraine and sleep disorders with the aim to evaluate the existence of a causal relationship and to assess the presence of influencing factors. The identification of specific sleep disorders associated with migraine should induce clinicians to systematically assess their presence in migraine patients and to adopt combined treatment strategies.

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Sleep Disorders in Pregnancy, Influencing Factors and Quality of Life

Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie ◽

10.1055/a-1519-7517 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nezaket Kadıoğlu ◽

Umit Yasemin Sert ◽

Seval Gundogdu Sariaslan ◽

Konul Mursel ◽

Sevki Celen

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽

Berlin Questionnaire ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract Aim In our study, the frequency of sleep disturbances in pregnancy, the reasons underlying the low quality of sleep, clinical factors, and the effects on quality of life were investigated. Methods The study was planned as a prospective study and included 189 pregnant women. Clinical features, laboratory results, socio-demographic status, obstetric and medical anamnesis were evaluated. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Berlin Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, SF-36 quality-of-life questionnaire, and restless leg syndrome (RLS) diagnosis criteria were used for data collection. Results We investigated sleep disorders in 110 pregnant women (58.2%). A history of premenstrual syndrome and patients with hyperemesis gravidarum, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, Vitamin B12 deficiency, and higher TSH levels in the laboratory were found to be associated with sleep disorders. Sleep disorders and daytime sleepiness were associated with depression, physical and social functioning, pain, and disturbance in general health perception. The number of pregnant women who had two or more RLS complaints was 84 (44%). Conclusion The results of our study show that sleep disorders in pregnancy can be managed with easily applicable methods according to the risk factors and related problems.

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Sleep Disturbances and Their Impact on Socio-Professional Capacities in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala ◽

10.33788/rcis.72.21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

pp. 338-352

Author(s):

Adriana NEAGOS ◽

Adrian COSTACHE ◽

Dan GHEORGHE ◽

Madalina GEORGESCU ◽

Violeta NECULA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Work Capacity ◽

Professional Life ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Falling Asleep

As a prominent problem in the modern society and showing an increasing prevalence, sleep disorders including frequently obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) raises the issue of the multiple health and socio-professional debilitating effect. This study aimed to assess by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire the sleep disturbances and their impact on socio-professional capacities in patients with OSA. We evaluated through the PSQI a group of 144 patients with suspected sleep disorders, whom 22 were diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography. For OSA patients, we analyzed the associated comorbidities and the characteristics of sleep disturbances and their influence on quality of socio-professional life. The main associated comorbidities to our OSA patients were the hypertension (90.90%), the type II diabetes (40.91%) and the metabolic syndrome (31.83%). We found that the most important sleep disturbances that affected the quality of life are the sleep interruptions, the waking up too early, the late falling asleep and snoring. The most significant problems induced by sleep disorders were communication problems and concentration disorders, with more than three times a week for at least 36.36% of patients. The work capacity was affected at least once a month in 77.27% of OSA patients, 40.91% reported at least one episode per week. Based on the results of PSQI and the characteristics of clinical OSA assessment, we can conclude that the patients with OSA present an impaired quality of socio-professional life.

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The State of Art on Co-Morbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea (COMISA)

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11081079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1079

Author(s):

Luigi De Gennaro

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Nocturnal Sleep ◽

Daytime Activity ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

State Of Art

Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are two prevalent sleep disorders which share nocturnal sleep disturbances, impairments to daytime activity and quality of life, and high healthcare and social costs [...]

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Integrative Sleep Medicine

10.1093/med/9780190885403.001.0001 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythm ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Well Being ◽

Sleep Medicine ◽

Whole Body ◽

Care Providers ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

The Many

Sleep is one of the key underpinnings of human health, yet sleep disturbances and impaired sleep are rampant in modern life. Healthy sleep is a whole-body process impacted by circadian rhythm, daily activities, and emotional well-being, among others. When properly aligned, these work in concert to produce restorative and refreshing sleep. When not in balance, however, sleep disorders result. Yet too often, the approach to treatment of sleep disorders is compartmentalized, failing to recognize all of the complex interactions that are involved. This text offers a comprehensive approach to sleep and sleep disorders by delineating the many factors that interplay into healthy sleep. Health care providers can learn how to better manage their patients with sleep disorders by integrating complementary and conventional approaches. Using an evidence-based approach throughout, this book describes the basics of normal sleep then delves into the foundations of integrative sleep medicine, including the circadian rhythm, mind/body-sleep connection, light, dreaming, the gastrointestinal system, and botanicals/supplements. Specific sleep issues and disorders are then addressed from an integrative perspective, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep related movement disorders, and parasomnias.

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Abstract WP445: Age Differences in the Impact of Sleep Apnea on Cognition and Quality of Life

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.44.suppl_1.awp445 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Kristin J Addison-Brown ◽

Abraham J Letter ◽

Henry K Yaggi ◽

Leslie A McClure ◽

Frederick W Unverzagt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

High Risk ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Short Form ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Using a subsample from the national REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, we examined the associations of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with cognition and quality of life and whether these associations vary with age while controlling for other demographic factors and comorbid medical conditions. Methods: Stroke-free participants with complete data on OSA risk, cognition, and quality of life as of October 2010 were included (N =2,925; ages 47-93, 43% men, 35% black, 65% white). OSA risk was defined as high or low based on responses to the Berlin Sleep Questionnaire (BSQ). Cognitive function was assessed with three validated fluency and recall measures; quality of life was assessed with the 4-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CESD-4) scale and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 (SF-12). MANCOVA statistics were applied to the cognitive and quality of life outcomes separately while accounting for potential confounders (age, sex, race, education, diabetes and dyslipidemia). Body mass index and hypertension were taken into account as part of the BSQ definition of OSA risk. Results: In fully adjusted models, those at high risk for OSA had significantly lower cognitive scores (p < .05) and lower quality of life (depressive symptoms and SF-12) (p < .0001) than those at low risk. Some of the associations were age-dependent, such that younger participants with high OSA risk had worse cognitive and quality of life scores than both younger participants with low OSA risk and older participants with high OSA risk. Discussion: Lower cognitive function and lower quality of life in those at high risk for sleep apnea remained after accounting for potentially confounding factors in a population-based sample. These relationships were more pronounced during middle age, with attenuated effects after age 70. It may be of particular importance to detect and treat OSA in younger adults.

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Influence of Sleep Disturbances on Quality of Life of Iranian Menopausal Women

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2013/907068 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zohreh Yazdi ◽

Khosro Sadeghniiat-Haghighi ◽

Amir Ziaee ◽

Khadijeh Elmizadeh ◽

Masomeh Ziaeeha

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Berlin Questionnaire ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Menopausal Women

Background. Subjective sleep disturbances increase during menopause. Some problems commonly encountered during menopause, such as hot flushes and sweating at night, can cause women to have difficulty in sleeping. These complaints can influence quality of life of menopausal women.Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed on menopausal women attending health centers in Qazvin for periodic assessments. We measured excessive daytime sleepiness by Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by the Berlin questionnaire, and insomnia by the insomnia severity index (ISI). We evaluate quality of life by the Menopause specific quality of life questionnaire (MENQOL).Results. A total of 380 menopausal women entered the study. Mean age of participated women was 57.6 ± 6.02. Mean duration of menopause was 6.3 ± 4.6. The frequency of severe and moderate insomnia was 8.4% (32) and 11.8% (45). Severe daytime sleepiness (ESS ≥ 10) was present in 27.9% (80) of the participants. Multivariate analytic results show that insomnia and daytime sleepiness have independent negative impact on each domain and total score of MENQOL questionnaire.Conclusion. According to our findings, EDS and insomnia are frequent in menopausal women. Both EDS and insomnia have significant quality of life impairment.

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The prevalence of common sleep disorders in young adults: a descriptive population-based study

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nigel McArdle ◽

Sarah V Ward ◽

Romola S Bucks ◽

Kathleen Maddison ◽

Anne Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Young Adults ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Sleep Disorder ◽

Restless Legs Syndrome ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽

Restless Legs ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Sleep disorders in adults are associated with adverse health effects including reduced quality of life and increased mortality. However, there is little information on sleep disorders in young adults. A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken in 1,227 young adults participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Study (2012–2014) to describe the prevalence of common sleep disorders. In-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) and validated survey methods were used, including the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Symptom Questionnaire-Insomnia, and International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria. A total of 1,146 participants completed a core questionnaire, 1,051 completed a sleep-focused questionnaire and 935 had analyzable PSG data. Participants had a mean age of 22.2 years and female to male ratio of 1.1 to 1. The respective sleep disorder prevalences in females and males were: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI]: ≥5 events/hour) 14.9% (95% CI: 11.8–18.5) and 26.9% (95% CI: 22.9–31.2); chronic insomnia, 19.3% (95% CI: 16.7–23.9) and 10.6% (95% CI: 8.3–13.9); restless legs syndrome, 3.8% (95% CI: 2.4–5.6) and 1.9% (95% CI: 0.9–3.4); and abnormal periodic leg movements during sleep (>5 movements/hour), 8.6% (95% CI: 6.3–11.5) and 9.6% (95% CI: 7.1–12.7). There were statistically significant differences in prevalence between sexes for OSA and insomnia, which persisted after adjustment for body mass index and education. In those with complete data on all sleep-related assessments (n = 836), at least one sleep disorder was present in 41.0% of females and 42.3% of males. Sleep disorders are very common in young adults. Health practitioners should be aware of these high prevalences, as early identification and treatment can improve quality of life and may reduce later morbidity and mortality.

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