scholarly journals Rhinitis, rhinosinusutus and phytotherapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
V. V. Shilenkova
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Product ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Herbal Medicinal Product ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Herbal Medicinal ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Rhinitis

Acute rhinitis and acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) have viral etiology in the most of cases, and their therapy is aimed at alleviating clinical symptoms and preventing new episodes. The indications for antibiotic therapy are severe bacterial ARS, ARS with complications, and recurrent bacterial ARS. Such a categorical approach is due to the increase of antibiotic resistance, which leads to the popularization of efficient phytotherapy. Modern herbal medical products comply with general recommendation and standards of efficacy, safety and quality, and their effectiveness has been proven in clinical trials along with synthetic drugs. In acute upper respiratory tract infections, herbal medical drugs stimulate the immune system, relieve clinical symptoms, and improve the patient’s quality of life. A significant emphasis in phytotherapy is given to complex drugs synthesized on the basis of phytoneering. One of such remedies is the herbal medicinal product containing the different parts of 5 medicinal herbs: Gentian root (Gentianae radix), Primrose flowers (with calyx) (Primulae flos (cum calycibus)), Common sorrel herb (Rumicis herba), Elder flowers (Sambuci flos) and Vervain herb (Verbenae herba). This herbal medicinal product shows secretolytic, secretomotor, antiinflammatory, antiviral and mild antibacterial farmacological effects. The article provides an analysis of studies in vitro and in vivo proving the anti-inflammatory effect of Sinupret®, its potentiating effect on nasal mucosa mucociliary transport as well as efficacy and safety in patients with rhinosinusitis.

scholarly journals Thuja occidentalis(Arbor vitae): A Review of its Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Clinical Properties

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belal Naser ◽  
Cornelia Bodinet ◽  
Martin Tegtmeier ◽  
Ulrike Lindequist
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Herbal Medicinal Product ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Herbal Medicinal ◽  
Tract Infections

Arbor vitae (Thuja occidentalisL.) is a native European tree widely used in homeopathy and evidence-based phytotherapy. Many reviews and monographs have been published on the herbal substance's description, mode of action and clinical use. However, no comprehensive evidence-based review is available. Therefore, our aim was to search MEDLINE databases and survey manufacturers for further details or unpublished data. This review presents the botany, ethnobotany and phytochemistry, especially the different contents of essential oil (Thujone) in relation to different extraction procedures of this medicinal plant.Thuja's antiviral action and immunopharmacological potential, such as stimulatory and co-stimulatory effects on cytokine and antibody production and activation of macrophages and other immunocompetent cells, have been evaluated in numerousin vitroandin vivoinvestigations. Although no controlled trials have been conducted onThuja occalone, many clinical studies have been performed with a herbal medicinal product containing a special extract ofThuja occand other immunostimulants, demonstrating its therapeutic efficacy and safety in respiratory tract infections.

A Review of Topical Povidone-iodine to Decrease Viral Load of COViD-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 238-241
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Benson ◽  
Amalia A. Mancini ◽  
Michael R. Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
Tract Infections

Topical povidone-iodine (PVP-I) is currently being considered as a potential preventive measure against the spread of COVID-19. Diluted PVP-I solutions have been historically used in Asia to treat upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) by decreasing the bacterial and viral load on oropharyngeal mucosa to decrease the transmission of diseases. Efficacy of gargling 0.23% PVP-I mouthwash in Japan demonstrated to be efficacious in lowering the prevalence of URTIs when compared with placebo. The 0.23% concentration was used in vitro on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, which produced undetectable results after 30 seconds of exposure. Additionally, a recent study in 2020 proved the efficacy of PVP-I 0.45%-10% in reducing COVID-19 (SARS-CoV 2) viral load in vitro. Numerous clinical trials are being conducted to determine if there is a decrease in viral load, and thus transmission, when using oral or nasal topical PVP-I in COVID-19 patients. Because of the current lack of evidence for the use of PVP-I in vivo with COVID-19, it is recommended to await the clinical trial results before initiating this practice.

scholarly journals Tormentillae rhizoma – Review for an Underestimated European Herbal Drug

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (15) ◽  
pp. 1050-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias F. Melzig ◽  
Stefan Böttger
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Herbal Drug ◽  
Herbal Medicinal Product ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

Abstract Potentilla erecta is a medicinal plant described under its traditional name Tormentil in medieval herbal books and used until today in many European countries. Today monographs for Tormentillae rhizoma in the European pharmacopeia, as well as a monograph of the Herbal Medicinal Product Commission as a drug for traditional use, exist. The present review summarizes published investigations in phytochemistry and pharmacology, together with new findings reflecting the mechanisms of action of ellagitannins as one of the main ingredients of this herbal drug. Taken together all in vitro and in vivo investigations’ data support the traditional use for treatment of diarrhea and mucosal inflammation despite a lack of suffcient clinical studies.

A Review of Topical Povidone-iodine to Decrease Viral Load of COViD-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 238-241
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Benson ◽  
Amalia A. Mancini ◽  
Michael R. Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
Tract Infections

Topical povidone-iodine (PVP-I) is currently being considered as a potential preventive measure against the spread of COVID-19. Diluted PVP-I solutions have been historically used in Asia to treat upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) by decreasing the bacterial and viral load on oropharyngeal mucosa to decrease the transmission of diseases. Efficacy of gargling 0.23% PVP-I mouthwash in Japan demonstrated to be efficacious in lowering the prevalence of URTIs when compared with placebo. The 0.23% concentration was used in vitro on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, which produced undetectable results after 30 seconds of exposure. Additionally, a recent study in 2020 proved the efficacy of PVP-I 0.45%-10% in reducing COVID-19 (SARS-CoV 2) viral load in vitro. Numerous clinical trials are being conducted to determine if there is a decrease in viral load, and thus transmission, when using oral or nasal topical PVP-I in COVID-19 patients. Because of the current lack of evidence for the use of PVP-I in vivo with COVID-19, it is recommended to await the clinical trial results before initiating this practice.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity of Antibact, an herbal medicinal product against standard and clinical bacterial isolates

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Mills-Robertson Felix ◽  
Igbukolu Onyeka Cynthia ◽  
Crowther Kofi Tay Samuel ◽  
Walana Williams
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Product ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Herbal Medicinal Product ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

Preliminary Report of In vitro and In vivo Effectiveness of Dornase Alfa on SARS-CoV-2 Infection (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacer Kuzu Okur ◽  
Koray Yalcin ◽  
Cihan Tastan ◽  
Sevda Demir ◽  
Bulut Yurtsever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Dornase Alfa ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Adult Peripheral Blood

UNSTRUCTURED Dornase alfa, the recombinant form of the human DNase I enzyme, breaks down neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) that include a vast amount of DNA fragments, histones, microbicidal proteins and oxidant enzymes released from necrotic neutrophils in the highly viscous mucus of cystic fibrosis patients. Dornase alfa has been used for decades in patients with cystic fibrosis to reduce the viscoelasticity of respiratory tract secretions, to decrease the severity of respiratory tract infections, and to improve lung function. Previous studies have linked abnormal NET formations to lung diseases, especially to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected more than two million people over the world, resulting in unprecedented health, social and economic crises. The COVID-19, viral pneumonia that progresses to ARDS and even multiple organ failure, is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). High blood neutrophil levels are an early indicator of SARS-CoV-2 infection and predict severe respiratory diseases. A similar mucus structure is detected in COVID-19 patients due to the accumulation of excessive NET in the lungs. Here, we show our preliminary results with dornase alfa that may have an in-vitro anti-viral effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a bovine kidney cell line, MDBK without drug toxicity on healthy adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In this preliminary study, we also showed that dornase alfa can promote clearance of NET formation in both an in-vitro and three COVID-19 cases who showed clinical improvement in radiological analysis (2-of-3 cases), oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate, disappearing of dyspnea and coughing.

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