Monitoring of the water quality of the foz of Santa Maria da Vitória river and the Vitória bay-ES, by systematic studies of physical-chemical and biological parameters

Abstract: Groundwater is one of the earth’s most widely distributed and most important natural resources. Groundwater exists, wherever water penetrates beneath the surface. The rocks beneath the surface are permeable enough to transmit water, and at places, the rate of infiltration is so sufficient that the rocks are saturated to an appreciable thickness. This water may be fresh or brackish in quality. As the fresh water constitutes very little quantity of the total water available, we must think as to how best we can exploit it, and utilize it. With the growth of population, today in many of the places water has become a critical source. In many places it is dwindling both in quality and quantity, creating problems for the communities involved. Water Quality Index indicates the quality of drinking water by assessing physical, chemical and biological parameters of water. India had the most studies, with 177 articles, followed by China, Brazil and the United States. This four countries together published 57% of studies on WQI. Groundwater quality implies the level of concentration of different constituents of water which is ultimately described if it is suitable or not for drinking or other purpose such as irrigation. There are mainly three types of constituents or parameters for describing quality of groundwater as physiological, chemical and biological parameters. These parameters are described below: EC ,TDS, K, Na, Ca ,Mg ,TH, Co3, HCO3, Cl, SO4 ,and also we determine some trace element such as Copper (Cu) ,Lead (Pb), Manganese (Mn) ,Nickel (Ni) ,Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn). Keywords: Gokul Shirgaon , Hydrogeochemical , GroundWater

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Spatiotemporal assessment of effects of leachate from landfills on groundwater in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/880/1/012051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 880 (1) ◽

pp. 012051

Author(s):

H A Suleiman ◽

M M Hanafiah

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Solid Waste Management ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

E Coli ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sources Of Variation ◽

Mean Concentration

Abstract Improper solid waste management in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria has become a serious threat to human health and ground water quality. Groundwater monitoring should be conducted to assess the groundwater contamination, especially originated from leachate generated from the dumpsites. Most of the dumpsites are located nearby water body that subsequently affecting the quality of the water for human purposes. This study aims to investigate the relationships between different physical-chemical and biological parameters during the two seasons (dry and wet seasons) in Kano Metropolis area as well as to identify the sources of variation during the two seasons. The level of some physical-chemical and biological parameters of the groundwater (wells) and dump sites were assessed (i.e. temperature, pH, conductivity, suspended solids, turbidity, hardness colour, e-coli and coliform). Mean concentration of some physical-chemical and biological parameters except that of temperature, colour, pH and total dissolved solids were found to be above the acceptable limit of the National and International standard of drinking water quality, NESREA and WHO. The sources and variations of the samples results were tested using statistical analysis. The water samples show a considerable level of pollution. The analysis of the groundwater and that of dump sites reveals no significant difference in the parameters measured. It is therefore recommended that the water from this source should be monitored and treated properly before consumption.

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Geographical and biological analysis of the water quality of Bovan Lake, Serbia

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1004083z ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 1083-1089 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Zlatkovic ◽

D. Sabic ◽

M. Milincic ◽

Jelena Knezevic-Vukcevic ◽

S. Stankovic

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽

Activity Index ◽

Water Reservoir ◽

Lake Basin ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

One Year ◽

Locality Conditions

In this work we performed a complex geographical analysis of the Bovan Lake basin, Serbia, as well as an analysis of the physical, chemical and biological parameters of water reservoir during a one-year period. The basic sanitary characteristics and physical, chemical and biological parameters, necessary for understanding locality conditions, were studied, and the saprobity index, class of quality, index O/H, degree of saprobity, degree of trophicity and category based on the phosphatase activity index (PAI), were determined. Our results classify the ecosystem as polytrophic. The degree of saprobity is oligosaprobic - beta mesosaprobic, with a catarobic degree in winter, classifying the water as III - IV class of quality. Due to the presence of organic residues, a domination of heterotrophic bacteria in comparison to oligotrophic bacteria is evident. The ability of autopurification is weak. The results indicate the need for continual monitoring of the water quality and environmental protection of Bovan Lake.

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Kajian Kualitas Air Sungai Condong yang terkena Buangan Limbah Cair Industri Batik Trusmi Cirebon

Biosfera ◽

10.20884/1.mib.2015.32.2.302 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 110 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pipin Supenah ◽

Endang Widiastuti ◽

Rawuh Edy Priyono

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Standard Group ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Water Quality Standard ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

River Quality ◽

Before And After

The aims of this study were to assess the water quality of the River Condong and Condong River Quality Statebased on physical, chemical and biological parameters. Sampling was carried out in seven stations with 3 repetitions at intervals of one month. Water quality were analyzed descriptively by reference raw Water Quality Standard. Determination of the stateof water quality using methods Storet. Results of laboratory tests showed that the water quality of the River Condong exceed the Water Quality Standard Group II based on Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 and in particular textile waste quality standard TSS, DO, BOD5, COD, NH3, sulfide, Cr (VI), phenols, oils and fats, Biological parameters using makrobentos diversity index (H ') obtained a low value that is from 0 to 1.7077. Quality state based Storet method, the value of > -31. It can be concluded that the condition of physical, chemical and biological parameters, Condong River water showed waters not appropriate the Quality Standard for agricultural irrigation, freshwater fish breeding and infrastructure or water recreation facilities before and after the discharge of liquid waste of batik. Condong River quality state before and after the liquid waste of batik is heavily polluted.

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Geographical and biological analysis of the water quality of Moravica spring in the Sokobanjska Moravica drainage basin, Serbia

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs1201059s ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 59-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Stankovic ◽

S. Zlatkovic ◽

D. Sabic ◽

M. Milincic ◽

Snezana Vujadinovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Phosphatase Activity ◽

Drainage Basin ◽

Activity Index ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

H Index ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

One Year ◽

Locality Conditions

In this work we performed a geographical analysis of the Moravica spring locality in the Sokobanjska Moravica drainage basin in Serbia, as well as an analysis of the physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the water during a one-year period. The basic sanitary characteristics and physical, chemical, and biological parameters, necessary for understanding locality conditions, were studied, and the saprobity index, class of quality, O/H index, degree of saprobity, degree of trophicity, and category based on the phosphatase activity index (PAI) were determined. Our results point to the need for continual monitoring of the water quality in the spring locality.

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STUDI KELAYAKAN AIR TANAH UNTUK KEBUTUHAN AIR MINUM DI KELURAHAN ROMANG POLONG KECAMATAN SOMBA OPU KABUPATEN GOWA

Jurnal Environmental Science ◽

10.35580/jes.v2i1.12025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Destiquama Destiquama ◽

Hasriyanti Hasriyanti ◽

Amal Amal

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Quality Standards ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Drinking Water Quality ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Water Quality Standards ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

The Republic

The quality of ground water for drinking water needs is based on physical, chemical and biological parameters of Romang Polong. The researcher took 5 kinds of water as samples based on land use by applying the Storet method. The water sample was tested in the field and analyzed in the laboratory. The results obtained are compared with the specified based on criteria of water quality which indicated that groundwater in the Romang Polong is suitable to be used as drinking water quality standards at the point 2, 3, and 4. However, at the point 1 and 5 are not feasible to be used as drinking water quality standards. But, it is still feasible to use for household needs such as bathing and washing. It might be happened because the physical, chemical, and biological parameters exceeded the maximum permissible threshold based on the drinking water quality standard according to Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2010.

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Kualitas Air Situ Lebak Wangi Bogor Berdasarkan Analisa Fisika, Kimia dan Biologi

JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI ◽

10.36722/sst.v3i2.193 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Dewi Elfidasari ◽

Nita Noriko ◽

Yunus Effendi ◽

Riris Lindiawati Puspitasari

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Reservoir ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Disposal Site ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Groundwater Supply ◽

Lake Waters

<div class="WordSection1">Abstrak - Situ Lebak Wangi merupakan situ yang berada di daerah Bogor, dan awalnya dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat penampungan air saat musim hujan untuk peningkatkan persediaan air tanah. Saat ini, Situ Lebak Wangi dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat pembuangan limbah oleh masyarakat. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan perubahan kualitas baik fisik, kimia dan biologi perairan situ. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian terhadap kualitas fisik, kimia dan biologi perairan Situ Lebak Wangi agar diperoleh informasi mengenai kualitas perairannya sehingga dapat disosialisasikan kepada masyarakat di sekitarnya nilai penting konservasi, pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan situ tersebut. Hasil pengukuran sifat fisik dan kimia air menunjukkan bahwa suhu di perairan Situ Lebak Wangi masih memenuhi baku mutu air kelas 1, nilai total padatan terlarut perairan Situ masih di bawah ambang batas baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan, nilai kecerahan di perairan Situ Lebak Wangi berkisar antara 67,17 – 80,83 cm dengan nilai rata-rata 74,46 cm, nilai pH perairan danau lebih rendah dari perairan sungai, yaitu berkisar antara 6,60–8-80. Pengukuran DO menunjukkan bahwa di perairan danau konsumsi oksigennya lebih tinggi, sedangkan hasil BOD5 menunjukkan bahwa perairan Situ Lebak Wangi sudah tercemar oleh bahan organik mudah urai (BOD5). Nilai daya hantar listrik berkisar antara 112,0 – 118,0 µhos/cm. Hasil analisa kualitas air Situ Lebak Wangi secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa perairan tersebut tidak layak untuk dijadikan sebagai air baku, karena mengandung bakteri patogen Salmonella-Shigella yang merupakan penyebab thypus dan kolera. Keata Kunci - kualitas fisik, kimia dan biologi; Situ Lebak Wangi; Perairan; Baku mutu air</div> Abstract - Situ Lebak Wangi is a place located in the Bogor area, and was originally used as a water reservoir during the rainy season to increase groundwater supply. Currently, Situ Lebak Wangi is used as a waste disposal site by the community. This can lead to changes in the quality of both physical, chemical and biological waters there. Therefore, research on the physical, chemical and biological qualities of waters of Situ Lebak Wangi to obtain information about the quality of the waters so that it can be socialized to the community around the importance of conservation, management and utilization of the site. The result of measurement of physical and chemical properties of water shows that the temperature in Situ Lebak Wangi waters still meet the water quality standard class 1, the total dissolved solids of waters Situ is still below the required quality standard threshold, the brightness value in Situ Lebak Wangi waters ranges between 67, 17 - 80.83 cm with an average rating of 74.46 cm, the pH value of the lake waters lower than river waters, which ranged from 6.60-8-80. Measurements of DO indicate that in lake waters oxygen consumption is higher, whereas BOD5 results show that waters Situ Lebak Wangi already contaminated by organic material easily explained (BOD5). The electrical conductivity values range from 112.0 - 118.0 μhos / cm. The result of Situ Lebak Wangi water quality analysis as a whole shows that the water is not feasible to serve as raw water, because it contains Salmonella-Shigella pathogen bacteria which is the cause of thypus and cholera. Keywords - physical quality, chemistry and biology, Situ Lebak Wangi, Waters, Water quality standards

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A comparison of the water quality between the mangrove areas Mulyorejo and Wonorejo

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201817701014 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 177 ◽

pp. 01014

Author(s):

Luc Kauhl ◽

Kayleigh Lambregts ◽

Suntoyo

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Local Community ◽

East Coast ◽

Tree Density ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Good View ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Biological State

The East Coast of Surabaya consists of large mangrove and fish pond areas. These areas are crucial for the ecosystem and for providing food and shelter for the local community. If the water quality decreases the mangroves will not be able to provide these functions. The water quality of these areas can be measured in two ways: by looking at the physico-chemical parameters or by looking at the biological parameters. Both offer a very good view of what state the area is in. The purpose of this study is to find out what the differences are between the Mulyorejo and the Wonorejo areas to see what differences there are within the East Coast of Surabaya and what could be the main cause of these differences. The data shows that the physico-chemical data does not comply with the limitation factors. The main problem are the nutrients which will have to be lowered to preserve the ecosystem. In terms of the biological state of the mangrove, there are few problems found. It is, however, unclear why the tree density in one of the Wonorejo areas is declining and it should be determined what the reason for this is.

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Study of Irrigation Water Quality of Agricultural Projects in Misurata Area, Misurata. Libya

10.36602/jmuas.2020.v01.02.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 465-478

Author(s):

Yosef Basher Al Sadea ◽

, Rafallah Mohamed Attya ◽

Mostafa Ali Benzaghta ◽

Mohammed Mansour Aljaer

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Water Quality ◽

Water Sample ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Irrigation Water Quality ◽

Permissible Levels ◽

Area Of Study

The groundwater is considered as essential resources for Irrigation in Misurata city, this type of Irrigation suffered to some problems affecting their quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate, a physiochemical and biological parameters of wells water in Misurata Area during the period between November 2016 to December 2018. The area of study about 70 Km distance between Tawarq and Eldafina was divided into eight lines per appendicular to sea cost. Five water sample were taken for each line, in which the distance about 20 Km between each line. The pH, SO4, HCO3, Ca, and D.O were within the permissible levels a according to FAO standard as well as, SAR, RSC, SSP were acceptable while EC, TDS, Cl-, K+ and Mg++, were higher than the standard, moreover, the temperature, was normal in all the samples. The heavy metals values of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were within the standard. In general, the results showed that high values of EC, TDS, Cl-, and Mg++ were the main reasons which lead to the deterioration of water irrigation. Therefore, the water was inadequate for agricultural purpose without any treatment such as desalination to reduce the salinity, Also the results of microbiologic analysis showed a contamination in most sample.

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Calidad del agua de distribución en un Centro Universitario rural sin procesos de desinfección de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México

Revista de Desarrollo Urbano y Sustentable ◽

10.35429/jusd.2019.14.5.12.20 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 12-20

Author(s):

Javier GARCÍA-VELASCO ◽

Tania VILLASEÑOR-VARGAS ◽

Josefina CASAS-SOLÍS ◽

Aurora ROSAS-RAMÍREZ

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Quality Index ◽

Storage Tanks ◽

Chemical Waste ◽

University Center ◽

Is Research ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

The University

The University Center of Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA) of the University of Guadalajara receives approximately 5700 students, and 1500 of the academic, administrative and visiting staff. The CUCBA is research oriented, therefore, large amount of chemical waste and microbial load is generated by health services. There are two sources of water supply that provide quality drinking water to the student population and two water treatment plants that process the wastewater produced. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical chemical and bacteriological quality of the water from the sources of supply, storage tanks, distribution network and principals points of use as an area of food and drinkers, as well as the wastewater emitted in triplicate. The water quality index was calculated, and regular values of the water quality of the 10 sampled points were found, and it is noted that, the sampling points with the lowest quality index were the water that leaves the plants of Water treatment, therefore, is not being accomplished with proper water purification.

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