Annual Occurrence and Population Dynamics, of Cotton Aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover on Specific Host Plants at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

AbstractAphids are infected by a series of bacteria that can help them survive on specific host plants. However, the associations between aphids and these bacteria are not clear, and the bacterial communities in many aphid species are poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the bacterial communities of cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii) on 2 representative winter host plants and transferred to 3 summer host plants by 16S rDNA sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Our results revealed that the bacterial communities varied among cotton aphids on hibiscus, cotton aphids on pomegranate, cotton aphids on cotton transferred from hibiscus, cotton aphids on muskmelon transferred from hibiscus, cotton aphids on cucumber transferred from hibiscus,. The diversity and richness of the bacterial communities were significantly higher in aphids on muskmelon and aphids on cucumber than in the other treatments. There were two main factors influencing the distribution of internal bacterial OTUs revealed by principal component analysis, including the differences among Punicaceae, Malvaceae and Cucurbitaceae. There were 28 bacterial communities with significant differences between two arbitrary treatments, which could be grouped into 6 main clusters depending on relative abundance. Moreover, our results indicated that in addition to the obligate endosymbiont Buchnera, with a dominant position (> 52%), A. gossypii also harbored 3 facultative endosymbiotic bacteria (Serratia, Arsenophonus, and Wolbachia) and 3 possibly symbiotic bacteria (Acinetobacter, Pantoea, and Flavobacterium). There were several correspondences between the symbiotic bacteria in cotton aphids and the specific host plants of the aphids. This study provides a better understanding of the interactions among symbiotic bacteria, aphids and host plants, suggesting that the selection pressure on aphid bacterial communities is likely to be exerted by the species of host plants.

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Innovative Approach for the Use of Huwa-San TR50 in Controlling Cotton Aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover)

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n4p77 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

Saleh S. Alhewairini

Keyword(s):

Host Plants ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Coccinella Septempunctata ◽

Aphid Species ◽

Observable Effect ◽

Cotton Aphid ◽

Main Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽

And Behavior

Chemical control remains the main method of controlling the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover). Millions of dollars have been lost due to plant damage which resulted in reduced quality and yield of cotton. Nevertheless, A. gossypii can rapidly develop resistance to different groups of insecticides such as organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids. The potential of Huwa-San TR50 in controlling A. gossypii is yet to be tested. Huwa-San TR50 is a formula of hydrogen peroxide which has been stabilized by the addition of a small quantity of silver and has extensively used as a disinfectant. In this study, it was found to be very potent in killing A. gossypii and produced 93.5, 96.5, 97 and 95.5% mortality at 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm, respectively, after 48 h of exposure. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between four Huwa-San TR50 concentrations after 48 h of exposure, on the mortality of A. gossypii. Huwa-San TR50 of up to 4000 ppm had no observable effects on the mortality and behavior of adult honeybee workers (Apis mellifera lamarckii) as compared with the control. Also, Huwa-San TR50 concentration of up to 3000 ppm had no observable effect on seven-spot ladybird beetles (Coccinella septempunctata) whereas a concentration of 4000 ppm produced 100% mortality after 24 h of exposure. Huwa-San TR50 concentrations of up to 2000 ppm failed to produce any symptoms on cucumber leaves. The differential effects of Huwa-San TR50 on aphids and beneficial insects, suggest the need for further investigation to understand the effects of Huwa-San TR50 on other host plants of aphids and aphid species.

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A laboratory and field condition comparison of life table parameters of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.1515/jppr-2015-0001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Behnaz Hosseini-Tabesh ◽

Ahad Sahragard ◽

Azadeh Karimi-Malati

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Life Table ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Life Table Parameters ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽

Field And Laboratory Conditions

Abstract Life table studies are essential tools for understanding population dynamics. The life table parameters of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) feeding on the host plant, Hibiscus syriacus L. were studied under laboratory (25±1°C and relative humidity of 65±5% and a photoperiod of 16L : 8D h) and field conditions (23-43°C, and relative humidity of 27-95%). The data were analysed using the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. The life table studies were started with 50 and 40 nymphs in laboratory and field conditions, respectively. Under laboratory conditions, A. gossypii reared on H. syriacus had a higher survival rate, fecundity, and longevity than those reared under field conditions. When reared under field conditions, A. gossypii had a longer nymphal developmental time, shorter adult longevity, and lower fecundity than those reared under laboratory conditions. The intrinsic rate of increase (r), net reproductive rate (R0), and the finite rate of increase (λ) under laboratory conditions, were higher than those obtained under field conditions. Nevertheless, there were no significant differences in the mean generation time T (days) between field and laboratory conditions. In the present study, the results clearly showed that life table parameters of A. gossypii were significantly different under field and laboratory conditions. These results could help us to understand the A. gossypii population dynamics under field conditions. The results could also help us make better management decisions for economically important crops

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