scholarly journals Effect of Water Extracts of some Aromatic and Medicinal Plants on Mortality and Egg Hatching of Root- knot Nematode, Meloidogyne Incognita in Vitro studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
M. Maareg ◽  
A. El-Gindi ◽  
Mona El-Shalaby ◽  
Abeer Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Aromatic And Medicinal Plants

scholarly journals Investigating the in vitro and in vivo nematicidal performance of structurally related macrolides against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
M.A. Radwan ◽  
A.S.A. Saad ◽  
H.A. Mesbah ◽  
H.S. Ibrahim ◽  
M.S. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
New Family

Summary Avermectins and spinosyns are structurally related natural products of microbial origin and belong to a new family of macrolides which are active against a vast array of invertebrate pests. In the present study, the effects of four members of macrolides; abamectin (ABM), emamectin benzoate (EMB), spinosad (SPI) and spinetoram (SPIT), on Meloidogyne incognita were investigated under in vitro and in vivo conditions. All compounds reduced egg hatching and led to high mortality of the nematode second-stage juveniles (J2). ABM showed the maximum rate of egg hatching inhibition and J2 mortality while SPIT recorded the minimum. All treatments reduced the number of galls, egg masses, eggs/egg mass in roots and J2 in the soil when compared to the control. Based on the 10 folds of the 24 h-LC50 values of J2 mortality in vitro, EMB and ABM exhibited higher percent reduction in galls (79.68 and 71.45%), egg masses (75.19 and 70.54%), eggs/egg mass (60.49 and 40.91%) and J2 in the soil (90.31 and 86.54%), respectively, compared to SPI and SPIT. Significant increase in tomato shoot height occurred in all biopesticides (10 folds) and SPIT (20 folds). SPI at 10 folds of the 24 h-LC50 values of J2 mortality in vitro, significantly increased root length while ABM at 50 folds and SPIT at 20 folds decreased root length by 5.15% and 5.88%, respectively, compared to the untreated inoculated plants. In all treatments, the dry shoot and root weights increased, compared to the untreated control. Our findings suggest that these macrolides have the ability to regulate nematode population densities and may be an alternative to classical nematicides.

scholarly journals Endophytic Bacterial Consortium Originated from Forestry Plant Roots and Their Nematicidal Activity against Meloidogyne incognita Infestation in Greenhouse

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1171-1182
Author(s):  
Abdul Munif ◽  
Supramana ◽  
Elis Nina Herliyana ◽  
Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Volatile Compound ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Protease Enzyme

Yield loss due to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infection is reported to reach 35%, depends on factors contributing to infection. Application of several endophytic bacterial isolates (bacterial consortium) to control pathogenic infection is reported to be more effective compared to the application of single bacterial isolate. This study was aimed to obtain endophytic bacterial consortium originated from forestry plant that is effective to control root-knot nematode. The study was conducted through bacterial isolation followed by biosafety test. Bacterial isolates that were found to be safe for plants and mammals and compatible with each other were further grouped as the endophytic bacterial consortium. Phenotypic characterization and physiological characteristics including Gram type, ability to produce protease, chitinase, and lipase enzymes as well as HCN volatile compound were also tested. Moreover, the ability to fix nitrogen and dissolve phosphate were also examined. The endophytic bacterial consortium consisted of several bacterial isolates was further tested for its ability to inhibit M. incognita egg hatching and increase J2 of M. incognita mortality in vitro. Furthermore, test on tomato plants infested with 500 J2 of M. incognita was also performed in the greenhouse. Test results showed that 70 bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from Shorea sp., Swietenia sp., Albizia falcataria, Anthocephalus cadamba, and Juglans nigra. However, 34 bacterial isolates were observed to be safe (did not cause hypersensitivity reaction and did not produce hemolytic toxin). According to physiological characteristics, it was found that 25 isolates were able to produce protease enzyme, 26 isolates were able to produce chitinase enzyme, and 14 isolates were able to produce lipase enzyme. Moreover, it was also detected that 11 isolates were able to produce HCN volatile compound, 23 isolates were able to fix nitrogen (N), and 24 isolates were able to dissolve phosphate (P). Endophytic bacterial consortium obtained in this study was also observed to be able to inhibit M. incognita egg hatching up to 81.33% and increase J2 of M. incognita mortality up to 85% compared to control. In addition, the application of endophytic bacterial consortium was also able to increase the growth of tomato plant infected with M. incognita, and suppress the severity of the root-knot disease. This study provided information that endophytic bacterial consortium originated from forestry plants has the potential as a biocontrol agent of M. incognita.

Efficacy of Purpureocillium lilacinum AUMC 10149 as biocontrol agent against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato plant

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Isaac ◽  
M. M. El-Deriny ◽  
R. G. Taha
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Purpureocillium Lilacinum ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Abstract Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita is among the biotic factors which has greatly affected both the yield and the quality of the tomato crop. The egg parasitic nematode, Purpureocillium lilacinum (Pl) is considered as one of the most promising agents in controlling and overcoming this plant pathogen. The nematicidal effect of the native isolate Pl AUMC 10149 on second stage juvenile’s survival and egg hatching of M. incognita at different times of exposure was tested in vitro. The obtained data showed that Pl gave a maximum percentage of J2 mortality (97.6%) and egg hatching inhibition (79.8%) after 72 hours of exposure. The potentiality of Pl as well as Bio-Nematon to control M. incognita infecting tomato was conducted using different times of application in vivo. Nine treatments with five replicates were used for such bioagents compared with the nematicide Oxamyl. Each seedling was inoculated with 1000 J2s of nematode/pot and 10 mL of Pl (1x1010 CFU/mL) or Bio-Nematon spore suspension (1x108 CFU/mL) 10mL/pot. The results indicated that the most effective treatments in reducing nematode population, number of galls and egg masses of M. incognita in plant roots was performed with treatment by Pl pre-planting and post-infection with Pl (Rf 1.9) giving a significant enhancement in plant length (64.9%), fresh weight (72.52%) and shoot dry weight (163.41%) without negatively impacting environment. Therefore, the present study confirmed that using P. lilacinum AUMC 10149 can be used as a practical supplement to environmentally friendly disease management of root-knot nematodes in Egypt.

scholarly journals Integrated management of Meloidogyne incognita on tomato using combinations of abamectin, Purpureocillium lilacinum, rhizobacteria, and botanicals compared with nematicide

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. El-Ashry ◽  
Mohamed A. S. Ali ◽  
Ahmed E. A. Elsobki ◽  
Ahmed A. A. Aioub
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Streptomyces Avermitilis ◽  
Parasitic Fungus ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Emamectin Benzoate ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Purpureocillium Lilacinum

Abstract Background Acceptable alternative eco-friendly tools in the present study were tested to control the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on greenhouse-cultivated vegetables. The nematicidal effect of rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas and Serratia), egg parasitic fungus (Purpureocillium lilacinum), abamectin (Streptomyces avermitilis), and 3 botanicals (colocynth, Citrullus colocynthis; moringa, Moringa oleifera; marigold, Tagetes erecta L.) singly or in combination was tested against M. incognita, in comparison with emamectin benzoate. Results In vitro treatments revealed that egg hatching and juvenile mortality were influenced by the type of bioagents, plant species of botanicals, and exposure time. All the tested bioagents and botanicals displayed nematicidal potential via their ovicidal and larvicidal action on egg hatching and J2 mortality of M. incognita. Three and 5 days post-treatment, abamectin and emamectin benzoate were more effective than P. lilacinum, Serratia and Pseudomonas, and C. colocynthis in inhibiting egg hatching: 96.31 and 94.88%; 95.79 and 94.05%; 94.11 and 94.46%; 85.54 and 87.28%; 88.87 and 84.30%, respectively. On the other hand, after 10 days, P. lilacinum gave the highest inhibition percentage (99.00%), followed by abamectin (89.25%). However, the difference was insignificant compared with the inhibition percentage of rhizobacteria, Serratia and Pseudomonas (88.69%; p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, juvenile mortality was 100.0, 96.80, and 91.60% after 10 days of treatment, respectively. However, botanicals showed a lower effect on egg hatching and juvenile mortality. Under greenhouse conditions, potential antagonism towards M. incognita by application the mixture of biocontrol agents and botanicals was more effective in controlling M. incognita than single treatments. Conclusions The combination of abamectin and/or emamectin benzoate with P. lilacinum and rhizobacteria was the most effective against M. incognita, followed by rhizobacteria and P. lilacinum, not only in decreasing galls and reproduction of M. incognita but also in increasing plant growth of tomato parameters than the control. The application of various bioagents including abamectin might be a potential antagonism strategy against phytonematodes in protected agricultural areas.

scholarly journals Antioxidant potential of some Sudanese medicinal plants used in traditional medicine

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatil EL-Kamali ◽  
Sana E. M. Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Sudanese Medicinal Plants

<p>In the present work methanolic and water extracts of 19 medicinal plants, commonly used in Sudanese folk medicines against gastrointestinal tract, infectious diseases were investigated for their antioxidant activity. Antioxidant assays were carried out by using different in vitro models such as DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging and Iron chelating activity. Methanolic and water extracts of <em>Punica granatum </em>showed the highest total antioxidant activity of 71±0.03 and 73±0.01 respectively. The antioxidant activities of water extracts were poor when compared to the methanol extract. The iron chelating power of methanol and aqueous extracts of <em>Commiphora myrrha</em> 58±0.01 and <em>Azadirachta indica</em> 57±0.20 respectively.</p>

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