scholarly journals NRF2 gene expression and DNA fragmentation markers as possible predictors of chronic smoking induced spermatozoa dysfunction in infertility with normal seminogram

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Elsamanoudy ◽  
Dalia Shaalan ◽  
Salwa Abo El-khair ◽  
mohammad gaballah ◽  
Ahmed State ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Chronic Smoking

scholarly journals Hypothyroidism alters the expression of Bcl-2 family genes to induce enhanced apoptosis in the developing cerebellum

2003 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Singh ◽  
G Upadhyay ◽  
S Kumar ◽  
A Kapoor ◽  
A Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Granule Cells ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Apoptotic Gene ◽  
Euthyroid State ◽  
Family Gene ◽  
Apoptotic Genes ◽  
High Level

Thyroid hormone (TH) deficiency results in delayed proliferation and migration of cerebellar granule cells. Although extensive cell loss during the development of the cerebellum under hypothyroid conditions is known, its nature and its mechanism are poorly understood. Bcl-2 family gene expression is known to determine the fate of cells to undergo apoptosis. We evaluated the effect of hypothyroidism on Bcl-2 family gene expression in the developing rat cerebellum. Electrophoresis and Western blotting were used to analyze DNA fragmentation and expression of DNA fragmentation factor (DFF-45), Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bax genes respectively. In the hypothyroid condition, extensive DNA fragmentation and enhanced cleavage of DFF-45 were seen throughout development (postnatal day 0 to day 24) and adulthood whereas they were absent in the euthyroid state. The anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were down-regulated and the pro-apoptotic gene Bax was expressed at higher levels compared with the euthyroid state. These results suggest that normal levels of TH prevent cerebellar apoptosis to a large extent, whereas hypothyroidism not only increases the extent but also the duration of apoptosis by down-regulating the anti-apoptotic genes and maintaining a high level of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax.

scholarly journals Impact of acute exposure to cigarette smoke on airway gene expression

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 705-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Billatos ◽  
A. Faiz ◽  
Y. Gesthalter ◽  
A. LeClerc ◽  
Y. O. Alekseyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Airway Epithelial ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Chronic Smoking

Background: Understanding effects of acute smoke exposure (ASE) on airway epithelial gene expression and their relationship with the effects of chronic smoke exposure may provide biological insights into the development of smoking-related respiratory diseases. Methods: Bronchial airway epithelial cell brushings were collected from 63 individuals without recent cigarette smoke exposure and before and 24 h after smoking three cigarettes. RNA from these samples was profiled on Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 ST microarrays. Results: We identified 91 genes differentially expressed 24 h after ASE (false discovery rate < 0.25). ASE induced genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation and repressed genes related to cilium morphogenesis and cell cycle. While many genes altered by ASE are altered similarly in chronic smokers, metallothionein genes are induced by ASE and suppressed in chronic smokers. Metallothioneins are also suppressed in current and former smokers with lung cancer relative to those without lung cancer. Conclusions: Acute exposure to as little as three cigarettes and chronic smoking induce largely concordant changes in airway epithelial gene expression. Differences in short-term and long-term effects of smoking on metallothionein expression and their relationship to lung cancer requires further study given these enzymes’ role in the oxidative stress response.

The Change of Neuropathic Pain and Pain Related Gene Expression following Exposure to Chronic Smoking

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Hyeon Jeong Lee ◽  
Sang Wook Shin ◽  
Woo Seong Yang ◽  
Seung Hoon Baek ◽  
Cheul Hong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Chronic Smoking

Increase in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis-related gene expression in frozen-thawed bovine blastocysts

Zygote ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Young Park ◽  
Eun Young Kim ◽  
Xiang Shun Cui ◽  
Jin Cheol Tae ◽  
Won Don Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Frozen Embryos ◽  
Apoptosis Related Gene

SummaryEvaluation of apoptosis and expression level of apoptosis-related genes is useful for examining the variation in embryo quality according to environmental change. The objective of this study was to investigate DNA fragmentation and apoptosis-related gene expression patterns in frozen-thawed bovine blastocysts.In vitroproduced day 7 blastocysts were frozen by two different vitrification methods (conventional 0.25 ml straw or MVC straw). After thawing, DNA fragmentation of surviving embryos was examined by TUNEL assay, and the expression patterns of their apoptotic genes (survivin, Fas, Hsp 70 and caspase-3) were evaluated using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.In vitrosurvival rates of frozen-thawed embryos were higher following the MVC vitrification method (88.2% re-expanded at 24 h, 77.1% hatching at 48 h) than the conventional (C) vitrification method (77.0% re-expanded at 24 h, 66.7% hatching at 48 h). However, both vitrified methods resulted in a significantly higher apoptotic index (C vitrification method 11.9%, MVC vitrification method 11.0%) than in non-frozen embryos (3.0%). Expression levels of survivin, Fas, caspase-3, and Hsp 70 were also increased in the frozen-thawed embryos compared with non-frozen embryos. These results indicate that the cryopreservation procedure might cause damage that results in an increase in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis-related gene transcription, reducing developmental capacity of frozen-thawed embryos.

Coinduction of c-jun gene expression and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation by ionizing radiation

Biochemistry ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (40) ◽  
pp. 10607-10613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Manome ◽  
R. Datta ◽  
N. Taneja ◽  
T. Shafman ◽  
E. Bump ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Dna Fragmentation

Addition of L-ascorbic acid to culture and vitrification media of IVF porcine blastocysts improves survival and reduces HSPA1A levels of vitrified embryos

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Castillo-Martín ◽  
Marc Yeste ◽  
Albert Soler ◽  
Roser Morató ◽  
Sergi Bonet
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Supplementation

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of l-ascorbic acid on embryo quality and gene expression of porcine blastocysts after supplementations of in vitro culture medium and/or vitrification–warming media. Embryo quality, in terms of total cell number (TCN), DNA fragmentation and peroxide levels, together with the relative transcript abundance of BCL-2 associated X protein (BAX), BCL2-like 1 (BCL2L1), POU class 5 homeobox 1 (POU5F1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A), was analysed. In Experiment 1, gene expression and embryo quality of fresh blastocysts were evaluated after culture with or without l-ascorbic acid; no significant differences were observed between the groups. In Experiment 2, blastocysts cultured with or without l-ascorbic acid were vitrified using two different vitrification solutions, supplemented or not with l-ascorbic acid. Supplementation of culture and vitrification media significantly enhanced survival rates and reduced peroxide levels. No significant differences in TCN, DNA fragmentation and BAX, BCL2L1 and POU5F1 expression were found in vitrified blastocysts among experimental groups. Vitrification procedures increase HSPA1A transcript abundance, but this increase was significantly lower in embryos cultured and/or vitrified with l-ascorbic acid. Thus, supplementing culture and/or vitrification media with l-ascorbic acid enhances survival rates of porcine blastocysts, suggesting a relationship with HSPA1A expression.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice and seed extract in paraquat-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah M. Fathy ◽  
Heba A. El-Dash ◽  
Noha I. Said
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

Abstract Background Paraquat, (PQ), an herbicide that can induce Parkinsonian-like symptoms in rodents and humans. The consumption of phytochemical-rich plants can reduce the risk of chronic illnesses such as inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of pomegranate seed extract (PSE) and juice (PJ) against PQ-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Methods Mice were assigned into 4 groups; three groups received PQ (10 mg/kg, i.p.) twice a week for 3 weeks. Two of the PQ-induced groups pretreated with either PSE or PJ. Detection of phytochemicals, total phenolics, and total flavonoids in PSE and PJ was performed. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) level was measured in the substantia nigra (SN) by Western blotting technique. Striatal dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes were estimated in the striatum by colorimetric analysis. Striatal pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as well as DNA fragmentation degree by qualitative DNA fragmentation assay, were evaluated. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was performed for the detection of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB) gene expression. Moreover, Western blotting analysis was used for the estimation of the cluster of differentiation 11b (CD11b), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) levels in the striatum. Results Pretreatment with PSE or PJ increased the levels of TH in the SN as well as DA and its metabolite in the striatum that were reduced by PQ injection. PSE and PJ preadministration improved the PQ-induced oxidative stress via a significant reduction of the MDA level and the augmentation of antioxidant enzyme activities. PSE and PJ also significantly downregulated the striatal NF-кB gene expression, reduced the PQ-enhanced apoptosis, decreased the levels of; pro-inflammatory cytokines, CD11b, and TGF-β coupled with a significant increase of; interleukin-10 (IL-10), GDNF, and ATP levels as compared with PQ-treated mice. Conclusions The current study indicated that PSE and PJ consumption may exhibit protective effects against PQ-induced neurotoxicity in mice.

Chitosan nanoparticles plus quercetin suppress the oxidative stress, modulate DNA fragmentation and gene expression in the kidney of rats fed ochratoxin A-contaminated diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 209-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab ◽  
Abdulhadi Aljawish ◽  
Aziza A. El-Nekeety ◽  
Sekena H. Abdel-Aziem ◽  
Nabila S. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles
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