scholarly journals Reducing Mineral N in Ewais Mango Orchards Using different Organic Fertilization Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1173-1178
Author(s):  
Heba Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Mineral N

scholarly journals Nitrate production and accumulation in lettuce as affected by mineral Nitrogen supply and organic fertilization

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica L Pôrto ◽  
Jailson do C Alves ◽  
Adailson P de Souza ◽  
Raunira da C Araújo ◽  
Jandeilson A de Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Fresh Matter

Lettuce is one of the leading vegetables in Brazil. However, studies concerning its fertilization for the Northeastern region of the country are still scarce. This work was carried out to evaluate the effects of mineral Nitrogen supply and organic fertilization on the production and nitrate accumulation in lettuce, cultivar Elba, in the semi-arid zone of Paraíba, Brazil. A randomized block design, with four replications, was used to test five doses of cattle manure (30; 60; 90; 120, and 150 t ha-1), five doses of N supplied as urea (30; 60; 90; 120, and 150 kg ha-1), and a control without fertilization. Along with mineral N, the other nutrients were also supplied using mineral sources. No additional nutrients were supplied where organic fertilization was used. Lettuce yield was significantly higher when organic fertilization was used, compared to the mineral nutrient supply. Taking into account most of the fertilization doses recommended for growing lettuce in the Brazilian Northeastern States, N mineral fertilization in sandy soils with low organic matter contents can be fully replaced by organic fertilization with cattle manure. Plant total (PTY) and commercial yield (PCY) as affected by the mineral N supply fitted into a quadratic model, in which the doses 94.5 and 95.7 kg ha-1 corresponded to respectively the highest PTY (381.9 g plant-1) and PCY (321.6 g plant-1). Where organic fertilization was used, PTY and PCY fitted into a linear model. Therefore, the highest PTY (523.9 g plant-1) and PCY (449.48 g plant-1) were observed at the highest manure doses. Nitrate content on roots, stems, and leaves increased linearly with Nitrogen and manure application. In roots, the nitrate content (mg kg-1 of fresh matter) reached 93.96 (N mineral (Nm)) and 65.09 (organic fertilization (OF)); in stems, 183.45 (Nm) and 98.22 (OF); and in leaves, 121.98 (Nm) and 75.62 (OF). The maximum nitrate content observed in leaves was far below the risk level for human health.

Sequestration of carbon oxide in different fertilization systems in agrocenoses

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Demydenko ◽  
Yu. Zapasna ◽  
V. Velychko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Carbon Oxide ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Capacity Level ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Fertilization System ◽  
By Products

Aim. To substantiate the agroecological estimation of the performance of a short crop rotation in conditions of intense and organic system of fertilization on the basis of restoring normative parameters of emission and se- questration of С-СО 2 circulation while using by-products as organic fertilizers in conditions of modern climatic system of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, statistical, laboratory. Results of Investigations. The performance of short crop rotations is determined by the capacity of С-СО 2 balance. Strong inverse correla- tion was found between the capacity of N and the ratio between C and N in the agrocenosis, which demon- strated that enhancing the humifi cation processes (ratio constriction) led to the increase in the capacity of С org balance and the decrease in the capacity level of С-СО 2 balance (enhancing mineralization), related to the reduction in the performance of crops in the agrocenosis of a crop rotation compared to the organic system of fertilization. The capacity of С-СО 2 and С org balance correlates at the medium level of inverse direction, and the yield of the main products, feed units and digestible protein correlates at the level of strong direct correlation. Conclusions. General mineralization of by-products and humus in the agrocenosis and humifi cation processes are antagonists, so extending the ratio between С and N at the intense fertilization system stimulates the in- crease in performance and reducing С to N similar to the organic fertilization system enhances the humifi cation process due to binding of С org into humus and limits mineralization which leads to the reduction in agrocenosis performance at the organic fertilization system.

Influence of mineral and organic fertilization on the production of CO2 and N2O gases in soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-162
Author(s):  
György Heltai ◽  
Attila Anton ◽  
Sándor Hoffmann ◽  
Tibor Szili-Kovács ◽  
Katalin Berecz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilization

A Keszthelyen 1963-ban beállított „Szerves- és műtrágyák hatását összehasonlító tartamkísérlet” kiválasztott kezeléseiből vett talajokkal beállított tenyészedénykísérletben és ezzel párhuzamosan a szegélyparcellákból kiemelt bolygatatlan talajoszlopokban vizsgáltuk az ásványi- és istállótrágyák, valamint a talajba bedolgozott növényi szerves anyag hatását a talajlevegőben a tenyészidő folyamán felhalmozódó CO2és N2O gázok képződésének dinamikájára.A CO2-koncentráció a tenyészidő folyamán a kezdeti stagnálás után egy, vagy több maximum elérése után a kezdeti szintre csökkent mindkét kísérleti rendszerben, s a változás jó korrelációt mutatott a napi középhőmérséklet változásával.A N2O képződésének időbeli változása a talajoszlopokban nem mutatott egyértelmű tendenciát, míg a tenyészedényekben csak a vetést követő 6. napig mértünk koncentrációnövekedést.A bolygatatlan talajoszlopokban a felszíntől 40 cm mélységig a CO2-koncentráció szignifikánsan növekedett, 40–60 cm között már nem változott számottevően. Ugyanez a tendencia mutatkozott a N2O-koncentráció mélység szerinti változásában, de a nagyobb mérési bizonytalanság miatt kevésbé egyértelműen. A tenyészedényekben a 20 cm mélyen elhelyezett csapdákban mért CO2-koncentráció értékek nagyságrendileg megegyeztek a talajoszlopban 20 cm mélyen mért értékekkel. A trágyázatlan kezelésekben a növények jelenléte mind a talajoszlopban, mind a tenyészedényekben növelte a CO2- és a N2O-produkciót. A trágyázási kezelések hatására a talajoszlopokban csökkent mindkét gáz produkciója. Szerves trágya alkalmazásakor növény jelenlétében ez a csökkenés kisebb mértékű volt, mint ásványi trágya esetében. A trágyázási kezelések hatására a tenyészedényekben növények jelenlétében növekedett a talajban a CO2és N2O produkciója. A növekedés a trágyakezelések termésnövelő hatása sorrendjében istállótrágya < ásványi trágya < (istállótrágya+ásványi trágya) fokozódott.Összegezve megállapítható, hogy a CO2és N2O gázképződés és a talajból történő kilépés feltételei a bolygatatlan és a művelt talajban eltérnek, s e folyamatra jelentős hatással van a növények jelenléte és anyagcseréje. Kísérleteink eredményeként létrehoztunk egy olyan adatbázist, amelyre alapozva megfelelő matematikai modellek alkalmazásával reálisan becsülhető a mezőgazdasági talajok CO2 és N2O emissziója különböző tápanyagellátási és művelési módok esetén.

Nitrate Leaching to a Shallow Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain Aquifer as Influenced by Conventional No-Till and Low-Input Sustainable Grain Production Systems

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 691-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Craig ◽  
R. R. Weil
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Low Input ◽  
No Till

In December, 1987, the states in the Chesapeake Bay region, along with the federal government, signed an agreement which called for a 40% reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus loadings to the Bay by the year 2000. To accomplish this goal, major reductions in nutrient loadings associated with agricultural management practices were deemed necessary. The objective of this study was to determine if reducing fertilizer inputs to the NT system would result in a reduction in nitrogen contamination of groundwater. In this study, groundwater, soil, and percolate samples were collected from two cropping systems. The first system was a conventional no-till (NT) grain production system with a two-year rotation of corn/winter wheat/double crop soybean. The second system, denoted low-input sustainable agriculture (LISA), produced the same crops using a winter legume and relay-cropped soybeans into standing wheat to reduce nitrogen and herbicide inputs. Nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in groundwater were significantly lower under the LISA system. Over 80% of the NT groundwater samples had NO3-N concentrations greater than 10 mgl-1, compared to only 4% for the LISA cropping system. Significantly lower soil mineral N to a depth of 180 cm was also observed. The NT soil had nearly twice as much mineral N present in the 90-180 cm portion than the LISA cropping system.

scholarly journals Legumes increase grassland productivity with no effect on nitrous oxide emissions

2019 ◽  
Vol 446 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlete S. Barneze ◽  
Jeanette Whitaker ◽  
Niall P. McNamara ◽  
Nicholas J. Ostle
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Grassland Productivity

Abstract Aims Grasslands are important agricultural production systems, where ecosystem functioning is affected by land management practices. Grass-legume mixtures are commonly cultivated to increase grassland productivity while reducing the need for nitrogen (N) fertiliser. However, little is known about the effect of this increase in productivity on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in grass-legume mixtures. The aim of this study was to investigate interactions between the proportion of legumes in grass-legume mixtures and N-fertiliser addition on productivity and GHG emissions. We tested the hypotheses that an increase in the relative proportion of legumes would increase plant productivity and decrease GHG emissions, and the magnitude of these effects would be reduced by N-fertiliser addition. Methods This was tested in a controlled environment mesocosm experiment with one grass and one legume species grown in mixtures in different proportions, with or without N-fertiliser. The effects on N cycling processes were assessed by measurement of above- and below-ground biomass, shoot N uptake, soil physico-chemical properties and GHG emissions. Results Above-ground productivity and shoot N uptake were greater in legume-grass mixtures compared to grass or legume monocultures, in fertilised and unfertilised soils. However, we found no effect of legume proportion on N2O emissions, total soil N or mineral-N in fertilised or unfertilised soils. Conclusions This study shows that the inclusion of legumes in grass-legume mixtures positively affected productivity, however N cycle were in the short-term unaffected and mainly affected by nitrogen fertilisation. Legumes can be used in grassland management strategies to mitigate climate change by reducing crop demand for N-fertilisers.

scholarly journals Biosolids Benefit Yield and Nitrogen Uptake in Winter Cereals without Excess Risk of N Leaching

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1482
Author(s):  
Silvia Pampana ◽  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Iduna Arduini
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Winter Cereals

Winter cereals are excellent candidates for biosolid application because their nitrogen (N) requirement is high, they are broadly cultivated, and their deep root system efficiently takes up mineral N. However, potential N leaching from BS application can occur in Mediterranean soils. A two-year study was conducted to determine how biosolids affect biomass and grain yield as well as N uptake and N leaching in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum), and oat (Avena byzantina C. Koch). Cereals were fertilized at rates of 5, 10, and 15 Mg ha−1 dry weight (called B5, B10, and B15, respectively) of biosolids (BS). Mineral-fertilized (MF) and unfertilized (C) controls were included. Overall, results highlight that BS are valuable fertilizers for winter cereals as these showed higher yields with BS as compared to control. Nevertheless, whether 5 Mg ha−1 of biosolids could replace mineral fertilization still depended on the particular cereal due to the different yield physiology of the crops. Moreover, nitrate leaching from B5 was comparable to MF, and B15 increased the risk by less than 30 N-NO3 kg ha−1. We therefore concluded that with specific rate settings, biosolid application can sustain yields of winter cereals without significant additional N leaching as compared to MF.

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