PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE EXTERNAL RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND OXYGEN-TRANSPORTATION FUNCTIONS OF ATHLETES’S BLOOD IN THE NORTH CONDITIONS. LITERATURE REVIEW

The regions of the Far North and regions equated to them diff er from central Russia in the severity of their climate. With long-term residence in the North, there is a regular alternation of stress processes necessary to adapt to new seasonal conditions. This review article highlights the view of various researchers on the problem of adaptation of some physiological systems of athletes to the conditions of the North. Physiological changes under the infl uence of natural and climatic factors in the most important systems responsible for providing the body with oxygen are briefl y highlighted. The state of the oxygen transport and respiratory systems is one of the most important values that determine the functional state of the body of athletes, which, in turn, determines the eff ectiveness of their sports activity. The main parameters of the working rhythms of physiological systems are also determined by the regularities of sports training in accordance with the calendar plan. It can be assumed that in the regions of the North, the athlete’s body synchronizes various oscillatory processes: seasonal biorhythms and working rhythms of physiological systems. In this case, the architectonics of biorhythms is determined by the mechanisms of phase synchronization of the functional readiness of the eff ector systems with the rhythms of the functional request [15]. Determination of the patterns of interaction of these oscillatory processes is an urgent task of modern science in the fi eld of sports physiology.

THE EXPERIENCE OF THE EXAM ON THE DISCIPLINE “ PROPAEDEUTICS OF INTERNAL DISEASES, RADIATION DIAGNOSTICS” IN DISTANCE FORM

The article presents a variant of the distance form of the exam on the discipline “Propaedeutics of internal diseases, radiation diagnostics” in the conditions of COVID-19 pandemic at the department of propaedeutics of internal diseases and faculty therapy at Khanty-Mansiysk state medical academy. The variant of theoretical part of the exam and peculiarities of testing students’ practical skills are presented.

MYOKINES, THEIR ROLE IN MUSCLE CONTRACTION

Skeletal muscles are the largest organ in the human body, making up 40–50% of the total human body weight. This work is devoted to the study of physical activity on the athlete’s body. Given that the muscular system is more multifunctional than previously thought, and is able to aff ect many systems of the body through the synthesis and secretion of cytokines-classical regulators of the immune system, classifi ed as myokines. In this review article, we summarize our current knowledge of the main identifi ed and characterized myokines, focusing on their biological activity and functions. Through regular exercise, muscle-induced factors called myokines can exert and play an important role in protecting against many diseases.

RARE MORPHOLOGICAL FINGING AFTER HEPATECTOMY

Herein we describe clinical presentation of a rare collision tumor consisting of primary neuroendocrine liver cancer and cholangiocarcinoma in a 70 y.o. male patient. The morphological and immunohistochemical features of the fi nding are illustrated. A brief literature review on the epidemiology of collision liver tumors is presented.

INGUINAL LYMPHADENOPATHY IN PRIMARY METASTATIC LUNG CANCER

Herein we describe a patient’s history of a 45 y.o. man presenting with swollen lymphnodes who was subsequently diagnosed with stage IV lung cancer. Primary verifi cation was obtained via cytological evaluation of the lymph nodes of concern. Further clinical and additional diagnostics are described and accompanied with CT and MRI scans. Unfortunately, the patient died in 3 months after diagnosis despite attempts of chemotherapy which emphasizes the importance of timely medical counseling.

SEX AND AGE CHARACTERISTICS OF RATE OF PHISICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN OF THE NORTERN REGION WITH ESTABLISHED UNDIFFERENTIATED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISPLASION

The tempo characteristic of the physical development of children demonstrates the state of health of the younger generation, refl ecting the standard of living of the population in various climatic and ecological zones, as well as the infl uence of environmental factors. In view of the high prevalence of undiff erentiated forms of connective tissue dysplasia among the child population of the KhMAO – Yugra, it is necessary to study the infl uence of the dysplastic process on the processes of ontogenesis and organogenesis

RESEARCH OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND IDENTIFICATION OF RISK FACTORS OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION DEVELOPMENT IN THE POPULATION OF KHANTY-MANSIYSK

The analysis of blood pressure indicators in women and men of diff erent ages living in the city of KhantyMansiysk is carried out. The dependence of the blood pressure level on age, the body mass index and smoking experience has been established. There is a low awareness of the population about the risk factors for arterial hypertension and the presence of the disease, a high prevalence of obesity, smoking, and excessive salt consumption is revealed.

FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF STUDENTS IN UNCOMFORTABLE CLIMATOGEOGRAPHIC LIVING CONDITIONS Message 2

Interhemispheric functional asymmetry was studied in students of Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy and Kurgan State University. The diff erences in the activation of the cerebral hemispheres in young people studying in diff erent climatogeographic conditions, depending on gender, were determined. Male Northerners demonstrated a symmetrical activation profi le of the large hemispheres. In Kurgan young men, the predominance of right-hemisphere activity was determined by the speed of a simple visual-motor reaction and the functional level of the nervous system. In the groups of girls, a large activation of the right hemisphere was observed in Northerners by the duration of the latent reaction period and the functional level of the nervous system, and in KSU students by all parameters of a simple visualmotor reaction.

BIOFILMS: STRUCTURE AND ROLE IN INFECTIOUS PATHOLOGY

Biofi lms are a way of persistence of microorganisms to the environment and the human body, at present they are of great interest to researchers, one of the reasons for this is considered to be the special properties inherent in biofi lms, an example of which is their increased resistance to adverse factors, including antibiotics, given that antibiotics are the main defense against bacteria, this poses a serious threat to humanity as a whole. Therefore, the study of the ability of microorganisms to form biofi lms is an important area in modern science and medicine, since mankind needs to learn how to deal with this phenomenon. In the presented study, we tried to briefl y reveal the essence of biofi lm formation, thereby making our contribution to the study of this problem

COMBINATION OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND HEREDITARY OPTICAL LEBER’S NEUROPATHY. CLINICAL CASE

The article discusses a clinical case of demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, multiple sclerosis in combination with Leber’s hereditary optic atrophy of the optic nerve (Harding syndrome). The debut of the disease at the age of 24 in the form of a simultaneous bilateral decrease in vision, with subsequent atrophy of the optic nerves in both eyes. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was confi rmed according to the 2017 McDonald criteria, the diagnosis of Leber’s disease was confi rmed by genetic testing. An important point in the diff erential diagnosis was the identifi cation of the G3460A mutation in the ND1 gene and intrathecal synthesis of oligoclonal immunoglobulin G.