A Quantitative Study of Nitrogen Loss From Water of a Small, Spring-Fed Stream

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. Kaushik ◽  
J.B. Robinson ◽  
P. Sain ◽  
H.R. Whiteley ◽  
W. Stammers
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Stream Sediments ◽  
Nitrogen Transport ◽  
Riparian Plants ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Kjeldahl Nitrogen

Abstract With a view to determining nitrogen sink processes, if any, in streams and the factors that govern these processes, nitrogen transport was studied in a 2 km-long, perennial, spring-fed stream during the summer months of 1973 and 1974. Concentrations of ammonium, nitrite and Kjeldahl nitrogen were small but those of nitrate nitrogen were unusually high. However, as the water moved downstream it progressively lost nitrate N. This loss represented 59.4% and 46.7% of the respective inputs during 1973 and 1974. The decrease in the concentration of nitrate N could neither be attributed to dilution nor to nitrogen immobilization during decomposition of organic matter nor to the uptake by aquatic macrophytes. Laboratory experiment showed that the stream sediments have significant, capacity for denitrification of nitrate in water overlying them, even when the water is thoroughly oxygenated. Although the role of riparian plants in the uptake of nitrogen has not been fully elucidated, it seems that denitrification in the stream sediment may act as an important permanent nitrogen sink.

Sediment pH and Redox Potential Affect the Bioavailability of Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn to Rooted Aquatic Macrophytes

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leland J. Jackson ◽  
Jacob Kalff ◽  
Joseph B. Rasnnussen
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Sediment Organic Content ◽  
Sediment Ph ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sediment Metal

We have evaluated the role of sediment pH (4.7–7.1) and redox potential (88–305 mV) in determining the bioavailability of five metals to four species of isoetoid macrophytes. The four species (Eleocharis acicularis, Eriocaulon septangulare With., Isoetes sp., and Sagittaria graminae) did not differ significantly in the relationship between the contents of metals in plants and sediment. When data for all species were pooled, 28–80% of the variation in the log of plant metal content was explained by the log of sediment metal (Al, Fe, and Mn) or by the log of sediment organic content (Cu and Zn). Sediment pH explained 45% (Al), 10% (Cu), 20% (Fe), 5% (Mn), and 12% (Zn) variation over and above that explained by the sediment metal content. These results demonstrate that lower sediment pH, in the presence of mildly oxic redox conditions, increases the bioavailability of these five trace metals to rooted aquatic plants. Rooted macrophytes subject to acidification contain higher metal concentrations which may be transferred by grazing to higher trophic levels.

Nitrogen dynamics of oats, sorghum, black gram, green panic and lucerne on a clay soil in south-eastern Queensland

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
VR Catchpole
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soil ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
N Yield ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Winter Crop ◽  
Plant Shoots

Changes in the distribution of nitrate-nitrogen (N) in a clay soil (Pellustert) under oats (Avena sativa cv. Minhafer), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor cv. E57), black gram (Vigna mungo cv. Regur), green panic (Panicum maximum cv. Petrie), and lucerne (Medicago sativa cv. Hunter River), and the uptake of N into plant shoots, were measured at Narayen on the brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) lands of south-eastem Queensland over each cropping season in 1975-85. Nitrate-N accumulated in the subsoil (30-150 cm) under sorghum and black gram, but not under oats. Green panic depleted nitrate-N after 2 years, and lucerne after 1 year. Losses of nitrate-N during 2 wet years reached 300 kg/ha under sorghum and black gram, and 57 kg/ha under oats, but were negligible under green panic and lucerne. Leaching to below 150 cm in the soil was the probable cause. The supply of soil N to oats, sorghum, and black gram was adequate during the 10 years, but the N yield of green panic decreased from 239 kg/ha to 150 kg/ha after 5 years. Accumulation of nitrate-N under sorghum and black gram could be utilised by rotating these crops with green panic or lucerne. This would also improve the productivity of green panic pastures. Rotating the summer crops with oats (winter crop) or with deeprooted crops (e.g. sunflowers) should also be tested. Alternatively, reduction of production of nitrate-N in the soil could be attempted. Zero or reduced tillage could do this, but it may also increase leaching by increasing the entry and movement of water in the soil.

Phytoremediation of Cadmium-Polluted Water/Sediment by Aquatic Macrophytes: Role of Plant-Induced pH Changes

2019 ◽  
pp. 495-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tariq Javed ◽  
Kashif Tanwir ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Akram ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Nabeel Khan Niazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Ph Changes

A Laboratory Study on the Role of Stream Sediment in Nitrogen Loss from Water

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritam Sain ◽  
J. B. Robinson ◽  
W. N. Stammers ◽  
N. K. Kaushik ◽  
H. R. Whiteley
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Stream Sediment

The role of aquatic macrophytes in microhabitatual transformation of physical-chemical features of small water bodies

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 584 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Joniak ◽  
Natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen ◽  
Barbara Nagengast
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Small Water Bodies

Effects of aquatic macrophytes on physico-chemical conditions of three contrasting lowland streams: a consequence of diffuse pollution from agriculture?

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Wilcock ◽  
J. W. Nagels
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Third Stream ◽  
Lowland Streams ◽  
Riparian Plants ◽  
Agricultural Catchments ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Photosynthetic Production ◽  
Chemical Conditions

Three lowland streams in developed pasture catchments with different farming intensities exhibited contrasting summer diurnal variations in pH, DO and temperature. These are ascribed to differences in dominant aquatic vegetation and their respective effects on shade, and on photosynthetic production and respiration within each stream. The stream dominated by submerged macrophytes had the greatest amplitude swings in DO and pH, and DO levels of 86–128% saturation. Floating marginal macrophytes reduced photosynthetic inputs while providing additional organic loading for respiration, with consequent flat DO and pH curves and conditions not conducive to healthy stream ecosystems. The third stream was shaded by riparian plants, which inhibited photosynthetic effects on DO and pH so that diurnal variation was intermediate between the other two streams. The interaction between nutrients and increased insolation in agricultural catchments, in stimulating aquatic plants, needs to be better understood for managing the sustainability of stream habitats and ecosystems.

ASPECTS OF DECOMPOSITION OF CELLULOSE IN CANADIAN SOILS: II. NITRATE NITROGEN LEVELS AND CARBON DIOXIDE EVOLUTION

1960 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Tribe
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cellulose Film ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Evolution ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Canadian Soils ◽  
Humus Soil

The effect of addition of cellulose film on the level of nitrate in a mull humus soil was studied over a period of 16 weeks. During the early stages of decomposition, nitrate was taken up from the soil, leaving it deficient in nitrate for up to 7 weeks. In later stages of decomposition, some of this nitrate was released again. Carbon dioxide was produced from the cellulose film over the whole experimental period. The results were broadly correlated with previous observations on the succession of microorganisms and fauna on cellulose film. The role of the fauna in nitrogen mineralization is discussed.

Diabetogenic Effects of Growth Hormone: The Role of the Adrenals in Nitrogen Loss

Diabetes ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. H. Gaebler ◽  
R. Glovinsky ◽  
T. Vitti ◽  
T. G. Maskaleris
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Nitrogen Loss
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