Simultaneous Pasteurization – Digestion (SPD-Process)

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 739-748
Author(s):  
G Kugel
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Sludge Recycling ◽  
Oil Fuel ◽  
Submerged Combustion

As part of the regional sludge disposal system of recycling to land, which is integrated into the Niers river basin management of the Niersverband, FRG, pasteurization is done in combination with the anaerobical stabilisation of sludge in order to ensure a long-term agricultural disposal with respect to hygienic hazards which is in general much less expensive than any other alternative sludge handling and disposal. During the past 15 years of Niersverband activity in liquid sludge recycling pasteurization has been done after digestion, mostly by flash heating along the CANZLER process with steam. Alternative heating by submerged combustion here has been proved reliable after nearly 10 years experience of several installations of this kind for raw sludge pasteurization with oil fuel supply. Submerged combustion heating with digestion gas supply has been running at a medium sized sewage treatment plant (100.000 population equivalents) during the past two years. The pasteurization, which was first done after digestion, was now successfully put in front of the anaerobical stabilisation with sufficient gas yield, organic matter degradation, and stable low concentration of organic acids (CH3 COOH) in the digester at a positive gas energy balance.

Joint Sewage Treatment Plant I, Moenchengladbach-Neuwerk–A Review of the Past 50 Years and its Future Upgrading

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 293-301
Author(s):  
G. Kugel ◽  
E. Zingler
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mesophilic Digestion ◽  
Gas Supply ◽  
Submerged Combustion

The paper describes the changes which have been made to the plant since it was built in the 1930s. It was initially designed to treat 50,000 m3/d by a 2-stage activated sludge process with integrated charcoal precipitation and was enlarged 25 years ago to treat 130,000 m3/d dry weather flow. It now treats a population equivalent of 650,000, half of which is industrial effluent mainly from textile and food processing factories. Sludge treatment has always included digestion and this is to be upgraded to 2-stage thermophilic and mesophilic digestion with submerged combustion sludge heating. The sludge produced has always been disposed of to land, with or without drying, using digester gas, and some has been centrifuged. The gas has also been used for car fuelling but it is now purified and blended into the gas supply of a public utility. The sewage treatment is also to be upgraded mainly to deal with increased storm water flows.

Estrogenic compounds in Tunisian urban sewage treatment plant: occurrence, removal and ecotoxicological impact of sewage discharge and sludge disposal

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1849-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalel Belhaj ◽  
Khaled Athmouni ◽  
Bouthaina Jerbi ◽  
Monem Kallel ◽  
Habib Ayadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Estrogenic Compounds ◽  
Sewage Discharge ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Sludge Disposal

Anthropogenic changes to a billabong in New South Wales. 1. Lagoon evolution and phosphorus dynamics

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Donnelly ◽  
P. W. Ford ◽  
D. McGregor ◽  
D. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Anthropogenic Changes ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Mean

Anthropogenic changes detected in the sediment of a shallow (~1.6 m) billabong (Horseshoe Lagoon) are the result of a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) connection in 1958 and catchment urbanization around 1974. Nutrient-rich water caused the collapse of macrophyte populations, algal blooms became common, and urbanization increased sediment deposition (~1 cm year −1 ). Changes in P retention were investigated by using dated cores, pore-water element profiles, and water quality records. The lagoon is the last of three STP holding ponds. Ponds 1 and 2 were sand-mining pits; they receive no sediment input and have negligible P adsorption. The Fe:P ratios in sediments from three Australian rivers have a common slope and this relationship was used to examine Fe:P ratios in the anoxic bottom sediments of the lagoon. A potential for effluent P adsorption developed in the lagoon through Fe mobilization and enrichment in the upper sediments and a strong clay–Fe–P association. The mean long- term P adsorption in the lagoon (35±18%) was the result of maintaining clay input to an oxic waterbody. Bacterial sulfate reduction is the main process decreasing available Fe for effluent P adsorption. Appropriately designed systems could expect to maintain effluent P adsorption efficiencies of around 70%.

The Change of Environmental in Sewage Sludge Compost

2015 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
Ang Li ◽  
Li Na Sun
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Early Rise ◽  
Value Changes ◽  
Sludge Composting ◽  
Maturity Parameters

By aerobic composting bin type of sewage treatment plant sludge composting, through periodic sampling, research composting process temperature, moisture content, PH value changes and study the changes in compost maturity parameters of the DH. The results show that the compost temperature increased rapidly in the early rise in the first two days when fast to 50 degrees Celsius, in the tenth day decreased to room temperature; moisture content than the original sludge reduced by 40 percent to compost indicators; PH by reaction initial 6.2, and gradually becomes neutral and alkaline 7.8 biased. Experiments show that after aerobic sludge composting in temperature, moisture content, PH value terms have been reached sludge disposal requirements.

scholarly journals A Case Study on the Electricity Generation Using a Micro Gas Turbine Fuelled by Biogas from a Sewage Treatment Plant

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Chi Chang ◽  
Manh Van Do ◽  
Wei-Li Hsu ◽  
Bo-Liang Liu ◽  
Ching-Yuan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Load

Combined heat and power production from biogas is now playing an important role in energy and resource utilization as well as pollution control in waste water treatment. This research used biogas from the Bali Sewage Treatment Plant in New Taipei City, Taiwan, as a major source of fuel for the electricity generation. A micro gas turbine electricity generator, Capstone CR-30, which possesses a maximum rated power load (PWL) of 30 kW, was equipped to convert biogas into electricity. The biogas is mainly composed of CH4 (56.1 ± 8.0 vol.%), CO2 (25.5 ± 9.8 vol.%), H2 (0.5 vol.%), and H2S (0.99 ± 0.07 ppmv). During the test operation period of the generator, it was found that the thermal efficiency increases from 19.8% to 23.4% kWhe/kWhth, while the electricity generation efficiency (ηEB) also rises from 0.93 to 1.09 kWhe/m3 biogas as the PWL increases from 10 kW to 30 kW. The results indicated that the generator has a better performance with higher PWL. At PWL = 30 kW, the average adjusted concentrations of CO and NOx (adjusted to 15 vol.% O2) emitted from the generator are 86 ppmv and 17 ppmv, respectively. Both are much lower than the emission standards of stationary sources in Taiwan of 2000 ppmv and 150 ppmv, respectively. Thus, PWL of 30 kW was selected in cooperation with biogas inflow = 0.412 m3/min and air/fuel ratio (i.e., air/biogas ratio) = 76.0 vol./vol. for the long-term regular operation. At the above setting conditions for long-term operation, the generator continuously consumed the biogas and provided stable electricity generation at a rate of 19.64 kWhe/h for a 2-year running period. Moreover, the greenhouse gas can be cut off with a rate of 10.78 kg CO2e/h when using biogas as fuel for electricity generation. Overall, this research proves that the application of a micro gas turbine electricity generator not only has promising performance for using biogas but also gives a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emission, which fits the concepts of the circular economy and environmental protection.

CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY AND FISHERY PRODUCTION IN JINHAE BAY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyunghoi Kim ◽  
Kyunghoi Kim ◽  
Oh Seok Jin ◽  
Oh Seok Jin ◽  
In-Cheol Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Red Tide ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Intertidal Flat ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Jinhae Bay

For the better understanding of long-term variations of water quality in Jinhae Bay after establishment of special law, we analyzed the archive data monitored in Jinhae Bay during the last 17 years (1997-2013). And change on fish catch due to the variations of water quality was investigated. A marked decrease in the number of red tide occurrence is due to the effectiveness of the law and sewage treatment plant that has targeted the reduction of COD in the effluent water since early 2000. Although the improvement of water quality, increase in fishery production was not observed in Jinhae Bay. For the recovery of fishery production, processes for restoration of entire ecosystem such as restoration of artificial intertidal flat and seaweed bed and remediation of organic-rich sea bed should be accompanied with improvement of water quality.

Economic Analysis of Electroplating Discharges to Sewage Treatment Plants

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Norman D. Looker ◽  
Edward .A. McBean ◽  
Grahame J. Farquhar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Plating Plant

Abstract A comparison of costs of implementing an advanced wastewater treatment system for a cadmium plating plant, versus the sludge disposal costs of the sewage treatment plant to which the plating plant is discharging its effluent, is described. An economic analysis spreadsheet approach using Lotus 1-2-3 is employed. A case study application demonstrates for overall society net benefit that it is cost-effective to initiate pretreatment at electroplating facilities which allows a municipal facility to dispose of its sludge on agricultural land rather than be required for landfilling. Sensitivity analyses to market interest rate, sludge production, sludge disposal fees and drag-out rates are explored.

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