Use of Constructed Wetlands to Treat Domestic Wastewater, City of Arcata, California

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1625-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Gearheart
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Oxidation Pond ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Total Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Tin Removal

This paper summarizes 10 years of experience applying oxidation pond effluent to constructed wetlands in Arcata, California. The first five years (1980-1986) was spent experimenting with 6×66 metre constructed wetland mesocosm. The second five years involved fullscale analysis of 2.8 hectares and 12 hectares effluent receiving marshes. Experience to date has verified the capability of constructed wetlands to reliably and effectively meet advanced secondary water quality standards. Effluent BOD and suspended solids concentrations of 30 and 30 mg/l respectively can be met ninety percent of the time with weekly samples; fecal coliform levels of 20 CFU/100 can be met 90 percent of the time. Total inorganic nitrogen levels of 5 can be met in the growing season at 12 mg/l in the non-growing season. Design criteriaaregiven for BOD, SS, coliform, and TIN removal for a temperature range of 6 to 20°C. Experience gained to date on the construction details, vegetation planting, and operational consideration is also summarized in the paper.

scholarly journals Comparison of hybrid membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR)/suspended growth and conventional biological nutrient removal processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418-1428
Author(s):  
Avery L. Carlson ◽  
Huanqi He ◽  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Glen T. Daigger
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Total Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Tin Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Abstract Mathematical modelling was used to investigate the possibility to use membrane aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs) in a largely anoxic suspended growth bioreactor to produce the nitrate-nitrogen required for heterotrophic denitrification and the growth of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs). The results indicate that such a process can be used to achieve a variety of process objectives. The capture of influent biodegradable organic matter while also achieving significant total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal can be achieved with or without use of primary treatment by operation at a relatively short suspended growth solids residence time (SRT). Low effluent TIN concentrations can also be achieved, irrespective of the influent wastewater chemical oxygen demand (COD)/total nitrogen (TN) ratio, with somewhat larger suspended growth SRT. Biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal can also be effectively achieved. Further experimental work is needed to confirm these modelling results.

Effects of harvesting on nitrogen and phosphorus availability in riparian management zone soils in Minnesota, USA

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1784-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas N. Kastendick ◽  
Eric K. Zenner ◽  
Brian J. Palik ◽  
Randall K. Kolka ◽  
Charles R. Blinn
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Riparian Management ◽  
Area Reduction ◽  
Partial Harvesting ◽  
Total Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Exchange Resins

Riparian management zones (RMZs) protect streams from excess nutrients, yet few studies have looked at soil nutrients in forested RMZs or the impacts of partial harvesting on nutrient availability. We investigated the impacts of upland clearcutting in conjunction with uncut and partially harvested RMZs (40% basal area reduction) on soil nutrients in forests in Minnesota, USA. Nitrate, ammonium, and phosphorus were measured using exchange resins. Upland clearcutting increased dormant and growing season nitrate, ammonium, and total inorganic nitrogen in the upland 2 to 5 times compared with uncut upland. Upland clearcutting increased dormant and growing season nitrate and total inorganic nitrogen just inside the RMZ boundary 2 to 5 times compared with this location adjacent to uncut upland. Dormant season nitrate and total inorganic nitrogen were 2 times higher in the entire RMZ adjacent to upland clearcut. Phosphorus was not affected by treatment. Partial harvesting of the RMZ did not increase nutrients compared with the uncut RMZ. Results suggest that nitrate is transported into the RMZ from adjacent clearcuts but partial harvesting of the RMZ does not increase nitrate availability.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification in up and down Flow Reactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Rabin Maharjan ◽  
Iswar Man Amatya ◽  
Ram Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Total Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tin Removal ◽  
Better Than

Use of ground water containing ammonical nitrogen has been increasing in Kathmandu valley. The use of locally and cheaply fitted Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification (HD) has been taken as an effective way to remove the nitrates in this study. Comparative analysis of HD reactors had been studied for the determination of the effective flow direction of water as Up Flow or Down Flow. The result reviled that flow direction as Down Flow HD reactor performed slightly better than Up Flow HD reactor. The maximum NO3-N conversion reached 100% for Down Flow and 98.65% for Up Flow reactor with maximum of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removed were 41.11% and 33.89% for Down Flow and Up Flow reactor respectively. The difference in NO3-N conversion and TIN removal were observed. As the NO2-N was accumulated, suggesting NO3 conversion is higher than NO2 conversion thus, and majorly incomplete denitrification existed. The NO2-N in water reached to maximum of 78.89 mg/l and 72.55 mg/l for Down Flow and Up Flow rector.

Domestic wastewater and surface runoff treatment implementations by constructed wetlands for Turkey: 25 years of experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 106369
Author(s):  
Kemal Gunes ◽  
Fabio Masi ◽  
Selma Ayaz ◽  
Bilal Tuncsiper ◽  
Mehmet Besiktas
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Years Of Experience

Bacterioplankton, Phytoplankton, and Zooplankton Communities in a British Columbia Coastal Lake Before and After Nutrient Reduction

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1504-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Joan Hardy ◽  
Ken S. Shortreed ◽  
John G. Stockner
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nutrient Reduction ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Coastal Lake ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Concentrations

Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were applied weekly during the growing season from 1980 to 1982 and twice weekly in 1983 to Hobiton Lake, a warm monomictic coastal lake in British Columbia. The lake was not fertilized in 1984. Average numbers of bacteria during the growing season decreased from a high of 1.53 × 106∙mL−1 in the fertilized condition to 0.84 × 106∙mL−1 in the unfertilized condition. Chlorophyll a concentrations decreased from a maximum seasonal average of 2.69 μg∙L−1 (1981) to 1.30 μg∙L−1 (1984), and algal numbers decreased from 5.83 × 104∙mL−1 (1983) to 2.29 × 104∙mL−1 (1984). Although the numbers of phytoplankton in each size fraction (picoplankton, nanoplankton, or microplankton) decreased in the unfertilized condition, the greatest change was an almost fourfold decrease in picoplankton, which consisted of 90% cyanobacteria (primarily Synechococcus spp.). Abundance of the large diatoms Rhizosolenia spp. and Melosira spp. increased in 1984, resulting in an increase in average seasonal algal volume. Average densities of medium (0.15–0.84 mm) and large (0.85–1.5 mm) zooplankton were greatest in 1982, while rotifers and small zooplankton (0.10–0.14 mm) were most dense in 1984 following nutrient reduction. The lake had relatively high concentrations of planktivorous juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) that appeared to minimize any direct effect of nutrient additions on zooplankton densities.

INORGANIC NITROGEN LEVELS AND NITRIFICATION POTENTIAL IN LOWBUSH BLUEBERRY SOILS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEONARD J. EATON ◽  
DAVID G. PATRIQUIN
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry

Soil ammonium and nitrate in the top 15 cm of soil were monitored after application of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate to plots at 14 PF (previously fertilized) and 12 NF (never fertilized) lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) stands representing a range of soil types and management histories. Overall, nitrate values in unfertilized and ammonium sulfate plots were higher at PF than at NF sites, suggesting greater nitrification at PF sites. In laboratory incubation studies, nitrification proceeded immediately in soil from a PF site, but only after a 4-wk lag in that from an adjacent NF site. Nitrification rates were low compared to that in a garden soil (pH 6.6). N-Serve inhibited nitrification in both soils. In ammonium nitrate plots, "excess" N values (N values in fertilized plots minus values in unfertilized plots) were higher for PF than for NF sites, suggesting greater immobilization, plant uptake or loss of N at NF sites. There was no evidence, in laboratory studies, of immobilization of added N by soil from either type of site. Rhizome N concentration increased significantly in response to fertilization at an NF site, but not at a PF site. Key words: Blueberry (lowbush), fertilizer and soil nitrogen

scholarly journals Performance of Four Full-Scale Artificially Aerated Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetlands for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

Water ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Butterworth ◽  
Andrew Richards ◽  
Mark Jones ◽  
Gabriella Mansi ◽  
Ezio Ranieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Horizontal Flow ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment
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