Groundwater flow systems analysis on a regional and nation-wide scale in the Netherlands; the use of flow systems analysis in wetland management

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Kloosterman ◽  
R. J. Stuurman ◽  
R. van der Meijden
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Wetland Management ◽  
Groundwater Flow Systems ◽  
Flow Systems ◽  
Strong Relation

The project “National Groundwater Flow System Analysis” in The Netherlands was initiated in 1991 and will last until 1995. Financed by three Dutch Ministries, the project aims at the mapping of the regional groundwater flow systems to support policy makers at national levels and water/nature resources management. Much emphasis is put on biotic aspects such as the relation between groundwater and patterns in vegetation. The results are used in a detailed flow system analysis of the eco-hydrological valuable drainage basin of the brooks Beerze and Reusel in the southern parts of the country. In this study vegetation patterns and hydrological situations were analyzed in present and in historical settings to unravel the changes in the last decades leading to severe deterioration of habitats and wetlands. Historical data on flora from the beginning of this century on the basis of km-grid cells show a strong relation with the historical exfiltration areas where deep alkaline groundwaters rich in calcium-carbonate emerged. Agriculture and man-made changes to the natural drainage systems have led to diminishing nature values. Combining a sound understanding of the groundwater flow systems and the changes in the last decades produced a number of practical and viable measures to restore historical wetland settings and to preserve existing ones.

scholarly journals The Control of Groundwater Flow Systems and Geochemical Processes on Groundwater Chemistry: A Case Study in Wushenzhao Basin, NW China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Lyu ◽  
Zhonghe Pang ◽  
Lihe Yin ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Tianming Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Nw China ◽  
Water Types ◽  
Groundwater Flow Systems ◽  
Regional Flow ◽  
Flow Systems

The lowest reaches of a large-scale basin could be the discharge areas of local, intermediate and regional groundwater flow systems with significantly distinct travel distances and travel times. This study aims to delineate the groundwater chemical characteristics and the mechanism controlling the chemical evolution in the lowest reaches of the Wushenzhao Cretaceous basin, NW China. A total of 38 groundwater samples were collected and were chemically classified into five distinct water types by means of a Piper Plot. According to the hydrogeological setting and groundwater age, the spatial distribution of these water types is found to be associated with hierarchically nested groundwater flow systems (local and regional system): Types 1, 2, 3 and 4 belong to the local groundwater flow system, while type 5 belongs to the regional flow system. Graphical plots, stable isotopes and geochemical modeling techniques were used to interpret the observed compositions. The results show the dominance of carbonate and gypsum dissolution in type 1 waters; ion exchange in types 2, 3 and 4; and evaporite dissolution in type 5. In addition, human activities in the form of extensive irrigation also affect the chemical compositions of type 1 water. These findings are important for the sustainable management of groundwater resources in the study area.

Groundwater flow systems in the crystalline rocks of the Okanagan Highland, British Columbia

1968 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Groundwater Flow Systems ◽  
Flow Systems ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow

An investigation of the groundwater flow systems associated with the most prominent topographic expression in the Okanagan Highland (a U-shaped valley) revealed that the hydraulic conductivity of the crystalline rock varies exponentially with depth, and that the local flow systems within the upper 125 to 150 ft of the crystalline rock conduct an estimated 10 to 17 Imperial gallons per day per foot thickness in a two-dimensional flow system. These local flow systems are quantitatively the most significant in the Okanagan Highland.

Complex groundwater flow systems in the light of climate change: response of combined fluid driving forces on recharge reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timea Trásy-Havril ◽  
Szilvia Szkolnikovics-Simon ◽  
Judit Mádl-Szőnyi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Groundwater Flow Systems ◽  
Flow Systems ◽  
Gravity Driven ◽  
Flow Domain ◽  
Gravity Driven Flow

<p>Climate change induced alteration of recharge is expected to have diverse effects on groundwater levels, which could also modify the fragmentation and hierarchy of groundwater flow systems, including their dimensions and relative positions.</p><p>This study put emphasis on how flow system hierarchy may change due to recharge reduction in complex, vertically superimposed groundwater flow systems with different fluid driving forces through an example of the Duna-Tisza Interfluve in Hungary. Two main groundwater flow domain was identified by previous authors in this area with a separate source of water. Recharge to the upper, unconfined, gravitational regime is inferred to occur from infiltrating precipitation, while the underlying confined, overpressured flow domain is maintained by pore volume reduction due to tectonic compression of the basement (Tóth and Almási 2001, Almási 2003, Mádl-Szőnyi and Tóth 2009). The exposure of these groundwater flow systems, one is driven by gravity and other one is by overpressure, is completely different to the effects of changes in hydrologic parameters. Local scale gravity-driven flow systems are identified to be the most vulnerable to atmospheric processes (Kurylyk et al., 2014), while overpressured upward flow is driven by tectonic compression, and thus independent of climatic variation.</p><p>Two-dimensional transient numerical simulations were performed to gain insight into the response of this complex flow system to the predicted climate change of the region. Special emphasis is placed on i) how relative rate and influence of the different driving forces may change due to the predicted recharge reduction, ii) how the fragmentation of the flow field may alter, iii) how the penetration depth of upper, gravity-driven flow field may adjust to these changes and iv) how groundwater-related shallow surface water bodies will be affected by these changes.</p><p>Understanding the effects of changed hydrologic conditions on such complex flow patterns and recharge-discharge relationships as well as on interactions with surface water bodies can help to set-up three-dimensional site-specific models. These models provide a base to better mitigate and prepare for the consequences of predicted future changes.</p><p>The research is supported by the ÚNKP-20-4 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, as well as by the József and Erzsébet Tóth Endowed Hydrogeology Chair. This work is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 810980.</p>

Comparison of Groundwater Flow Systems under the Control of Different Aquifer Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2688-2692
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Zhen Hong Zhao ◽  
Hong Yun Ma ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Li Guo
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Groundwater Flow System ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Groundwater Flow Systems ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Flow Systems ◽  
The Ordos Basin

The structure of groundwater flow system is the core of study of groundwater system and the base of evaluation of groundwater resources. The control role of aquifer system to groundwater flow system is a key of study of the structure of groundwater flow system. The groundwater systems of the Ordos basin are analyzed as a case study. The control role of aquifer system to groundwater flow system is studied by comparison of groundwater flow systems under the control of different aquifer structures in 2-D profile numerical model. The research shows that the groundwater flow systems of the Ordos basin have the multilayer structure characteristics. The groundwater flow systems in the north of the Ordos basin show a cross-formational multi-hierarchy nested flow pattern in the northern aquifer systems without regional impermeable layer where the hydraulic connection between aquifer layers is closely. While, the hydraulic connection is discontinuous in the southern aquifer systems because there are regional impermeable layers in the aquifer systems. The groundwater flow systems in the south of the Ordos basin show a follow-formational flow pattern.

scholarly journals Simple Design Flow Analysis System for Determination of Iron by Spectrophotometric method

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Wiwin Setiani ◽  
Tri Mulyono ◽  
Asnawati Asnawati
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Batch Method ◽  
Flow Systems ◽  
Simple Flow

The purpose of this research is to make a series of analyzes using a flow system with a bottle Marriote as pump and spectrophotometric method for determining the content of iron in water samples. Determination of iron by this method used 1,10-fenantrolin complexing or 2,2-bipyridyl. In this method, Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ prior complexed with iron to form a specific color and then flowed it through a marriote bottle next to the spectrophotometer detector. The average flow rate of the liquid in the bottle Marriote amounted to 0.037 mL / sec. Limit detection obtained in the batch is 0.00017 ppm and 0.00023 ppm in simple flow systems analysis methods. Sensitivity obtained in the batch method is 0.027 and the simple flow system analysis method is 0.035. Flow rate precision values are expressed Marriote bottle with Kv values <5%. Values accuracy expreced percenting of recovery was 99% in the batch method, whereas the simple flow system analysis method was 98.5%. Results of t-test analysts suggest that iron determination using flow systems analysis (FIA) with the replacement pump bottle Marriote not differ significantly from the results obtained with the batch system.   Keywords: batch method, bottle Marriote, Flow Injection Analysis, spectrofotometry

Groundwater flow systems and slope stability

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. L. Hodge ◽  
R. Allan Freeze
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Groundwater Flow Systems ◽  
Regional Flow ◽  
Pore Water Pressures ◽  
Flow Systems ◽  
Maximum Conductivity ◽  
The Stability

Slope stability analyses carried out in terms of effective stress require an understanding of the distribution of pore-water pressures in a slope. This understanding must be based on a knowledge of the groundwater flow system, which is in turn dependent on the regional geologic environment and the configuration of hydraulic conductivity contrasts. This paper presents several computer simulations of flow systems in a variety of hypothetical slopes. Results show that the presence of low-conductivity units at the surface or at depth can be extremely detrimental to stability, particularly if they confine units of higher conductivity. The contrast in conductivity need not be more than two orders of magnitude. Such situations are common in thrust blocks, interbedded sedimentary rocks, weathering profiles, and deformed metamorphic rocks. Groundwater conditions critical to stability arise in anisotropic formations, where the axis of maximum conductivity is parallel to the dip of the slope. Fluctuations in regional flow systems can be critical to the stability of unconsolidated, terraced sediments.

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