Biological activity of biofilm and sediment in the Emscher River, Germany

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Løkkegaard Bjerre ◽  
T. Hvitved-Jacobsen ◽  
S. Schlegel ◽  
B. Teichgräber
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Sulfide Production ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Investigations were performed on biofilm and sediment from the river Emscher, Germany, presently acting as a large wastewater collector. Biofilm laboratory batch experiments were performed under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The aerobic biofilm surface activity in terms of dissolved oxygen (DO) consumption was determined. Under anaerobic conditions the sulfide production was investigated. Laboratory biofilm experiments were compared with full scale studies performed under aerobic and anaerobic conditions to determine the total biofilm and sediment activity at selected reaches of the Emscher. The biofilm and sediment activity determined may be used for modelling of wastewater quality changes in the Emscher.

Sorption of tetravalent plutonium and humic substances onto kaolinite

2007 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Banik ◽  
R. A. Buda ◽  
S. Bürger ◽  
Jens Volker Kratz ◽  
N. Trautmann
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

The sorption of tetravalent plutonium onto kaolinite, a clay mineral, has been studied as a function of pH. The sorption studies have been performed by batch experiments under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (glove box). A pH range of 0–11 has been investigated with plutonium concentrations of 3.5 × 10

Is Polymer Retention Different Under Anaerobic vs. Aerobic Conditions?

SPE Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (02) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wan ◽  
R. S. Seright
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Polymer Solutions ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Dynamic Methods ◽  
Polymer Retention ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Summary This paper examines whether retention of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is different under anaerobic vs. aerobic conditions. Both static (mixing with loose sand) and dynamic methods (corefloods) were used to determine HPAM retention. There are both advantages and disadvantages associated with determining polymer retention with static tests vs. dynamic tests and with aerobic vs. anaerobic conditions. From static-retention measurements, polymer-adsorption values on pure silica sand or Berea sandstone were small, and they showed little difference between experiments conducted aerobically or anaerobically. For both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, HPAM retention increased significantly with increased pyrite or siderite content. Static retention under anaerobic conditions ranged from 45 to 75 µg/g with 1% of either pyrite or siderite to 137–174 µg/g for 10% pyrite or siderite to 1161–1249 µg/g for 100% pyrite or siderite. If iron minerals are present, the most representative polymer-retention results are obtained (for both static and dynamic tests) if conditions are anaerobic. Retention values (from static measurements) under aerobic conditions were commonly twice those determined under anaerobic conditions. If iron minerals are present and retention tests are performed under aerobic conditions, total organic carbon (TOC) or some similar method should be used for polymer detection. Viscosity detection of polymer may provide retention values that are too high (because oxidative degradation can be misinterpreted as polymer retention). For a broad range of siderite content, retention from static tests did not depend on whether dissolved oxygen was present. However, for a broad range of pyrite content, HPAM retention was significantly lower in the absence of dissolved oxygen than under aerobic conditions. These results may be tied to iron solubility. When polymer solutions were mixed with 100% pyrite over the course of 12 hours, 360–480 ppm of iron dissolved into polymer solutions under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, whereas with 100% siderite, only 0.0–0.6 ppm of iron dissolved. If dynamic methods (i.e., corefloods) are used to determine polymer retention under aerobic conditions, flow rates should be representative of the field application. Rates that are too high lead to underestimation of polymer retention. With 10% pyrite, dynamic retention was 211 µg/g at 6 ft/D vs. 43.2 µg/g at 30 ft/D. In contrast, retention values were fairly consistent (40.6–47.8 µg/g) between 6 and 33 ft/D under anaerobic conditions.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Amoxicillin, Tetracyclines and Sulfonamides in Wastewater Sludge

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Wen Yang ◽  
Chien Liu ◽  
Bea-Ven Chang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

The removal of antibiotics from the aquatic environment has received great interest. The aim of this study is to examine degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (CTC), amoxicillin (AMO), sulfamethazine (SMZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfadimethoxine (SDM) in sludge. Four antibiotic-degrading bacterial strains, SF1 (Pseudmonas sp.), A12 (Pseudmonas sp.), strains B (Bacillus sp.), and SANA (Clostridium sp.), were isolated, identified and tested under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in this study. Batch experiments indicated that the addition of SF1 and A12 under aerobic conditions and the addition of B and SANA under anaerobic conditions increased the biodegradation of antibiotics in sludge. Moreover, the results of repeated addition experiments indicated that the efficiency of the biodegradation of antibiotics using the isolated bacterial strains could be maintained for three degradation cycles. Two groups of potential microbial communities associated with the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of SMX, AMO and CTC in sludge were revealed. Twenty-four reported antibiotics-degrading bacterial genera (Achromobacter, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Castellaniella, Comamonas, Corynebacterium, Cupriavidus, Dechloromonas, Geobacter, Gordonia, Klebsiella, Mycobacterium, Novosphingobium, Pandoraea, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, Thauera, Treponema, Vibrio and Xanthobacter) were found in both the aerobic and anaerobic groups, suggesting that these 24 bacterial genera may be the major antibiotic-degrading bacteria in sludge.

Oxygen concentration affects frequency and range of transconjugants for the incompatibility (Inc) P-1 and P-7 plasmids pBP136 and pCAR1

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1015
Author(s):  
Kentaro Ochi ◽  
Maho Tokuda ◽  
Kosuke Yanagiya ◽  
Chiho Suzuki-Minakuchi ◽  
Hideaki Nojiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Condition ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Recipient Strain ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Filter Mating ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

ABSTRACT The frequency of transconjugants were compared for the incompatibility (Inc) P-1 and P-7 plasmids pBP136 and pCAR1 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Filter mating assays were performed with one donor strain and one recipient strain using different donors of Pseudomonas and recipient strains, including Pseudomonas, Pantoea, and Buttiauxella. Under anaerobic condition, frequencies of transconjugants for both plasmids were 101-103-fold lower than those under aerobic condition regardless of whether aerobically or anaerobically grown donors and recipients were used. To compare the transconjugant ranges under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, conjugation was performed between the donor of pBP136 and recipient bacteria extracted from environmental samples. Several transconjugants were uniquely obtained from each aerobic or anaerobic condition. Our findings indicate that a plasmid can differently spread among bacteria depending on the oxygen concentrations of the environment.

PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF 2,3-BUTANEDIOL: VII. FERMENTATION OF WHEAT BY AEROBACILLUS POLYMYXA UNDER AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS

1946 ◽  
Vol 24f (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Agitation ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Ethanol Formation ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Aeration by mechanical agitation of 15% wheat mash fermented by Aerobacillus polymyxa inhibited the formation of 2,3-butanediol and particularly of ethanol. Aeration of similar mashes by passage of finely dispersed air or oxygen at the rate of 333 ml. per minute per litre of mash increased the rate of formation and yield of 2,3-butanediol but inhibited ethanol formation. However, the over-all time required for the completion of fermentation was not shortened from the usual 72 to 96 hr. required for unaerated mashes. There was no evidence of a shift from fermentative to oxidative dissimilation. Under aerobic conditions, the final butanediol–ethanol ratio was approximately 3:1. Anaerobic conditions, as produced by the passage of nitrogen or hydrogen through the mash, increased the rate of formation of both butanediol and ethanol and shortened the fermentation time to about 48 hr. Under these conditions, the butanediol–ethanol ratio was reduced to about 1.3:1.0. Carbon dioxide gave a butanediol–ethanol ratio resembling that of anaerobic fermentation but did not reduce fermentation time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document