Enhanced particle removal in drinking water treatment plants – case studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
P. Lipp ◽  
G. Baldauf
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Measurements of parasites in surface waters in Germany showed that their presence is widely spread. Concentrations may reach values up to a maximum of 50 cysts per 100 l. Normally raw waters used for drinking water production show much lower values. In order to ensure sufficient parasite removal in drinking water treatment plants an enhancement of particle removal is required. For filtration processes parameters influencing particle removal are filter media, filtration velocity, flocculant dosage, preozonationand filter back wash. Moderate filtration conditions show best results. Three case studies show that preozonation, optimized energy input and use of flocculants improve particle removal. One case study shows results of the first ultrafiltration plant in Germany treating reservoir and spring water for drinking water production.

Optimization of particle removal in drinking water treatment of reservoir water in a pressure filter plant

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-247
Author(s):  
K. Bornmann ◽  
B. Wricke ◽  
D. Habel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Treatment Step

Most surface water treatment plants use floc-filtration as the most important treatment step in drinking water production. This paper presents a new technological development which allows floc-filtration to be carried out in pressure filters. Experiments in pilot and full scale show its high efficiency. The technological development allows us to treat algal-rich and high turbid matter containing raw water efficiently at high filtration rates. Floc formation can be realised by means of a special reaction tank in front of the filter inlet. Efficient removal of particles and turbidity is achieved if filtration with filter inlet flow controller is used.

scholarly journals Residues from Water Precipitation via Ferric Hydroxide Threaten Soil Fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4327
Author(s):  
Tomáš Brabenec ◽  
Anna Maroušková ◽  
Tomáš Zoubek ◽  
Martin Filip
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Cycles ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
The Moment

From the moment it was first indicated that use of aluminum chloride during purification of drinking water might be one of the triggers of Alzheimer’s disease, it took only a few years to almost abandon this practice worldwide. Now, two years after the initial evidence was presented that the cheapest possible replacement for aluminum chloride (ferric hydroxide, better known as ferrous sludge) significantly threatens soil fertility, there is almost no action. A robust case study was conducted among European drinking water treatment plants. First, it is reported that some samples of ferrous sludge can reduce phosphorus availability by more than 70%. This creates a precondition for a significant reduction in fertility over a decade. Because the legislation usually responds to similar findings with great delay, the extent to which managers of drinking water treatment plants are willing to change process settings by themselves has also been assessed. The findings obtained allow us to expect that a long continuation of this hazardous practice can be expected, since managers of drinking water treatment plants show little willingness to switch from the ongoing questionable technology (harmful to nutrient cycles in soil) to environmentally favorable (though slightly more costly) solutions.

scholarly journals Development of an Environmental Decision Support System for Enhanced Coagulation in Drinking Water Production

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Suquet ◽  
Lluís Godo-Pla ◽  
Meritxell Valentí ◽  
Marta Verdaguer ◽  
Maria J. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Environmental Decision

Drinking water production is subject to multiple water quality requirements such as minimizing disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formation, which are highly related to natural organic matter (NOM) content. For water treatment, coagulation is a key process for removing water pollutants and, as such, is widely implemented in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) facilities worldwide. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) tools can be used to aid decision making. This study presents an environmental decision support system (EDSS) for coagulation in a Mediterranean DWTP. The EDSS is structured hierarchically into the following three levels: data acquisition, control, and supervision. The EDSS relies on influent water characterization, suggesting an optimal pH and coagulant dose. The model designed for the control level is based on response surface methodology (RSM), targeted to optimize removal for the response variables (turbidity, total organic carbon (TOC), and UV254). Results from the RSM model provided removal percentages for turbidity (64.6%), TOC (21.9%), and UV254 (30%), which represented an increase of 4%, 33%, and 28% as compared with the DWTP water sample. Regarding the entire EDSS, 62%, 21%, and 25% of turbidity, TOC, and UV254 removal were fixed as the optimization criteria. Supervision rules (SRs) were included at the top of the architecture to intensify process performance under specific circumstances.

scholarly journals Occurrence and fate of 27 triazines and metabolites within French drinking water treatment plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Guillon ◽  
Christyne Videloup ◽  
Clara Leroux ◽  
Héloïse Bertin ◽  
Marc Philibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Best Available Technology ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Advanced Drinking Water Treatment

Abstract Twenty-seven triazines and metabolites were screened throughout six advanced drinking water treatment plants (DWTP) in France and their respective resources. Seven molecules were quantified in raw waters with a maximum concentration of 91 ng/L reached for desethyl-atrazine. No metabolites generated through advanced degradation pathways were quantified. Concentration profiles for five DWTP treating ground or surface waters were very similar and remained stable over time. Only one DWTP treating groundwater presented differences between sampling periods due to variations in wells' operations. As expected, most treatment units (settling, ozonation, nitrification, sand filtration, chlorination) did not allow for efficient removal of these micropollutants. Adsorption on granular or powdered activated carbon (PAC) was highlighted as the best available technology for the majority of quantified compounds. Combined PAC and ultrafiltration treatment was especially adapted for the removal of hydroxy-atrazine, one of the most refractory components evaluated during this study. Indeed, among quantified pesticides, only hydroxy-atrazine and desethyl-deisopropyl-atrazine were measured in treated water, with concentrations below 12 ng/L.

scholarly journals Identification of Microplastics in Conventional Drinking Water Treatment Plants in Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danial Adib ◽  
Roya Mafigholami ◽  
Hossein Tabeshkia
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Emerging Pollutant ◽  
Average Abundance ◽  
The City

Abstract The presence of microplastics (MPs), as an emerging pollutant is a growing concern in different water resources. These particles are recognized as less than 5 mm in size. Most of the studies have been carried out in surface waters and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), but there are few studies on MPs in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). This study investigates these particles in three different conventional DWTPs in the city of Tehran, Iran and aims to analyze these particles down to the size of 1 µm. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was utilized in this study to quantitatively analyze MPs. Accordingly, the average abundance of MPs in raw and treated water samples varied from 1996±268 to 2808±80 MPs L-1 and 971±103 to 1401±86 MPs L-1, respectively. While particles smaller than 10 µm comprised 65-87% of MPs. Moreover, µ-Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize MPs. As the results, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polyethylene (PE) were the most abundant identified polymers among MPs comprising more than 53% of particles. Additionally, MPs were categorized as fibers, fragments and spheres. This study fills the knowledge gap of MPs presence in Tehran DWTPs which is of high importance since they supply drinking water for more than 8 million people and investigates the performance of conventional DWTPs in removing MPs.

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