Micro enterprise initiative in water sector and poverty reduction

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
T.K. Jose
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Student Power ◽  
Water Meters

The author reports on the Kerala model for water sector development, broadly adopted as a role model for poverty reduction and build up of social capital. It is a community based organisation with its focus on facilitating a stable income to the poor, and composed of a People's Plan Campaign, the Kudumbashree (women-based poverty eradication programme), with grassroot level neighbourhood groups, federated into an area development society. It promotes savings and credit channelling, capacity building and entrepreneurship development. Activities include awareness raising on water conservation and hygiene, utilization of student power, promotion of small, cheap and low technology projects that people can understand and undertake (small reservoirs, tanks, rainwater harvesting structures, water meters), as well as microenterprises, and training of women-based repair groups.

scholarly journals Poverty Eradication in Nigeria: A Focus on National Poverty Eradication Programme in Abia State, 2001- 2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Greene Ifeanyi Eleagu
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Broad Objective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Huge Challenge

Poverty has been a huge challenge to Nigeria for a long time as majority of Nigerians live below poverty line. Successive civilian and military governments in Nigeria agreed on the need to eradicate or alleviate this ugly situation. In an attempt to ameliorate the situation, they introduced a number of schemes and programmes. The apparent failure of the various schemes and programmes and the resultant citizen discontent led to the creation of the National Poverty Eradication Programme, NAPEP, in all the states of the federation and the Federal Capital Territory. The broad objective of the study was to empirically evaluate the impact of NAPEP towards poverty eradication in Abia state, through the provision of youth employment. The structuralfunctionalist theory was adopted with an interrogation of relevant documents on financial flows, projects and programmes. The findings suggest that youth unemployment was pervasive. Again, the poverty reduction or alleviation efforts were fraught with corruption. To correct these, the work recommended disbursing monies to beneficiaries through banks. It also suggested, among others, that future efforts should be rural-centred, instead of urban-centred.

scholarly journals National Poverty Eradication Programme and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: Empirical Investigation of the Programme Impact in Cross River State

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Sylvester Antai ◽  
Anam, Bassey Ekpenyong
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Impact

The study examines the impact of the National Poverty Eradication Programme on poverty reduction in Cross River State. To guide the study, two major hypotheses were stated and primary data were obtained from 361 respondents from the benefactors of the State government Conditional Cash Transfer. The data obtained were tested using Chi-square statistical tool at. 05 degree of significance to examine the level of impact. The analysis of data in reveals that the calculated value of chi square (18.1) was greater than the table value of chi (9.49), tested at. 05 level of significance. This implied that the implementation of NAPEP has a significant impact on entrepreneurial development among youths in Cross River State. In table 2, the results obtained also showed that the calculated value of chi square (15.1) is greater than the table value of chi (9.49), tested at .05 level of significance, meaning that the null hypothesis was ignored and the alternative that the implementation of NAPEP has significant impacts on the provision of micro credit facilities to entrepreneur in Cross River State was accepted. However, the results obtained called for attention to other areas of interest neglected by the programme. These were identified to include the need to harness agriculture, water and solid minerals resources and conservation efforts especially in the rural-areas where the main occupation is agriculture. This concern formed the baseline for policy recommendations.

scholarly journals Mediating Effects on Poverty Reduction in India Through Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-119
Author(s):  
A. ARULRAJ ◽  
R. RENA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Mahatma Gandhi ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Employment Guarantee

The employment opportunities in rural areas have signifi cantly decreased for the last few decades in India. Th erefore, Government of India introduced Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (MGNREGP) to create employment opportunities for ru ral people. Th e Programme is considered as a “silver bullet” for eradicating rural poverty and unemployment in India. Th e purpose of this empirical research study is to develop a new model for poverty reduction in rural India through this Programme. Th e novelty of this article is an attempt to develop an empirical research model that assists the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme when mapping the level of economics service quality and thereby enhance the same. Th is Programme provides an alternative source of livelihood, which will have an impact on reducing migration, restricting child labor, alleviating poverty, and making villages self-sustaining through productive assets creation such as road construction, cleaning up of water tanks, soil and water conservation work, etc. for which it has been considered as the largest anti-poverty programme in the world. Th e paper critically examines the implementation process of this Programme and its impact on tribal livelihoods. Th e following research methodology is used in the article: the data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Th e sampling procedure used for this study is stratifi ed random sampling. Th e stratifi cation is done based on the Taluks are Kumbakonam (Th anjavur District), Keeranur (Pudukottai District) and Nagappatinam (Nagappatinam District) of Tamilnadu state of South-India for the nature of region South, East, Centre, West and North while selecting the MGNREGP Employees from each category, non-probabilistic convenience and judgmental sampling technique is used. Th e fi ndings and conclusions of the study reveal that millions of rural poor with the inclusion of new works under this Programme could able to get some employment which supports their livelihoods. Eff orts are exerted to improve more transparency and accountability in implementing this programme to ensure that the benefi ts reach out to the poor and the needy villagers. Th e regression analysis revealed that the Poverty Eradication on the various dimensions of Economic Development, infl uenced Economic Development followed by Social Development. Th e visual representation of results suggest that the relationships between the dimensions of Economic Development, Social development resulted in a signifi cant impact on the mediated factor ‘Poverty Eradication’. Th e paper suggests the policy framework for the stakeholders in eff ective implementation of the Programme.

scholarly journals The role of indigenous knowledge and local knowledge in water sector adaptation to climate change in Africa: A structured assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luckson Zvobgo ◽  
Peter Johnston ◽  
Portia Adade Williams ◽  
Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative GAMI ◽  
Christopher Trisos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Holistic Understanding

Abstract Evidence of human adaptation actions responding to climate impacts is increasing in Africa. However, a holistic understanding of effective adaptation across the diversity of African contexts is still limited at a continental scale. Despite high reliance on indigenous knowledge (IK) and local knowledge (LK) for climate adaptation in Africa, the potential risk reduction of IK and LK and its role in supporting transformative adaptation responses is yet to be established. Here, we assess the influence of IK and LK on the implementation of water sector adaptation in Africa and describe the relationship between adaptation and indigenous and local knowledge systems. Eighteen (18) water sector response types were identified from the academic literature through the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative (GAMI). The most implemented measures across Africa influenced by IK and LK were household-level and individual measures and included irrigation, rainwater harvesting, water conservation and ecosystem-based measures (mainly agroforestry). Southern, west, and east Africa show relatively high evidence of the influence of IK and LK on the implementation of water adaptation responses while north, and central Africa show lower evidence. At country level, Zimbabwe display highest evidence (77.8%) followed by Ghana (53.6%), Kenya (46.2%) and South Africa (31.3%). Adaptation responses with IK and LK influence recorded higher evidence of risk reduction compared to articles without IK and LK. Analysis of intended nationally determined contributions (iNDCs) shows the most implemented water adaptation actions in academic literature are consistent with water sector adaptation targets set by most African governments. Yet only 10.4% of the African governments included IK and LK in adaptation planning in the iNDCs. The study recommends a coordinated approach to adaptation that integrates multiple knowledge sources including IK and LK to ensure greater effectiveness and scalability of current and potential water adaptation measures in Africa.

scholarly journals The role of indigenous knowledge and local knowledge in water sector adaptation to climate change in Africa: A structured assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luckson Zvobgo ◽  
Peter Johnston ◽  
Portia Adade Williams ◽  
Chrstopher H Trison ◽  
Nicholas P Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Holistic Understanding

Abstract Evidence of human adaptation actions responding to climate impacts is increasing in Africa. However, a holistic understanding of effective adaptation across the diversity of African contexts is still limited at a continental scale. Despite high reliance on indigenous knowledge (IK) and local knowledge (LK) for climate adaptation in Africa, the potential risk reduction of IK and LK and its role in supporting transformative adaptation responses is yet to be established. Here, we assess the influence of IK and LK on the implementation of water sector adaptation in Africa and describe the relationship between adaptation and indigenous and local knowledge systems. Eighteen (18) water sector response types were identified from the academic literature through the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative (GAMI). The most implemented measures across Africa influenced by IK and LK were household-level and individual measures and included irrigation, rainwater harvesting, water conservation and ecosystem-based measures (mainly agroforestry). Southern, west, and east Africa show relatively high evidence of the influence of IK and LK on the implementation of water adaptation responses while north, and central Africa show lower evidence. At country level, Zimbabwe display highest evidence (77.8%) followed by Ghana (53.6%), Kenya (46.2%) and South Africa (31.3%). Adaptation responses with IK and LK influence recorded higher evidence of risk reduction compared to articles without IK and LK. Analysis of intended nationally determined contributions (iNDCs) shows the most implemented water adaptation actions in academic literature are consistent with water sector adaptation targets set by most African governments. Yet only 10.4% of the African governments included IK and LK in adaptation planning in the iNDCs. The study recommends a coordinated approach to adaptation that integrates multiple knowledge sources including IK and LK to ensure greater effectiveness and scalability of current and potential water adaptation measures in Africa.

scholarly journals Social welfare program and poverty eradication in sub-saharan region of Eket Senatorial district, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (42) ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Festus Nkpoyen ◽  
Esther P. Archibong ◽  
Veronica Undelikwo ◽  
Ude Bassey Obeten ◽  
Nnana Okoi Ofem
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Sample Size Determination ◽  
Project Design ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Ex Post

The study investigated development gap in social policy and social problem interaction by examining impact of National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) on rural communities in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to examine the relationship between non-participation of beneficiary communities in NAPEP project design at community level, corruption and policy implementation strategy on rural poverty reduction. The Ex-post facto research design was adopted to study communities in Oron and Udung Uko local government areas in Akwa Ibom State. Using a multistage sampling procedure, data were obtained from 400 respondents using Taro Yamene sample size determination formula. Data were analysed using Chi-square (X2) statistical technique. Main findings indicated that significant relationship exists between non-participation of beneficiary communities in NAPEP project design, corruption, policy implementation and poverty reduction in rural communities. The findings imply that NAPEP has not significantly achieved its goal of poverty reduction in rural communities. It has failed to elicit economic wellbeing priorities directly from target communities. Poverty can be reduced through accommodative and humanistic arrangements by allowing communities to identify welfare projects and eligible recipients. Rural dwellers have not experienced poverty reduction because of NAPEP development strategy gap.

scholarly journals Assessing the Developmental Impact of Poverty Eradication Programmes in Sokoto State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tasiu Dansabo
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Government Interventions

The study assessed the developmental impact of poverty eradication programmes in Sokoto state with particular reference to three poverty eradication programmes notably, National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP), Sokoto State Poverty Reduction Agency (SPORA) and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) project. This is with a view to investigating the degree to which the said programmes have had developmental implications vis-à-vis the target population. Using survey methods expressed in the utility of a total of 1888 household questionnaires that were personally administered, which covered the household survey; and interview (in-depth) guides designed for the key informants’ interviews in addition to focused group discussions, the study collected useful research information. Results from analysis of collected data showed that developmental impact of poverty eradication programmes proves insignificant at 0.324 which is greater than 0.05. This is due largely to the fact that chronic poverty has impacted negatively on the performance of the programmes in Sokoto state. The study concludes that among others, poverty reduction cannot be achieved through government interventions only, and that the three projects (NAPEP, SPORA and MDGs) have only marginally impacted on the development of Sokoto State as many respondents indicated. The data revealed that poverty has increased over the last ten years, as more than half of the respondents endorsed in favour of the stand implying that poverty in the State is not only widespread but chronic. In the same vein, the study has revealed that the projects are not sustainable. Based on the findings and conclusions presented above, the research recommends thus, in Sokoto today there is an urgent need to review the mode of execution of the three poverty reduction programmes. The approach of the poverty reduction programmes from the top needs to be revised. The target beneficiaries need to be involved in the policy formulation so that beneficiaries get what they want which will in turn lead to overall socio-economic development of the state. The poor should therefore be involved in all the programmes’ phases. There is the need to extend the bottom-up concept to include direct participation of benefiting communities in project identification.

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