Total nitrogen removal in an aerobic/anoxic membrane biofilm reactor system

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cowman ◽  
C.I. Torres ◽  
B.E. Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Hydrogen Pressure ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
High O2 ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

The hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) is effective for reducing nitrate-N to N2 gas, but most wastewaters contain ammonium-N. Here, we document that an aerobic/anoxic MBfR system achieves nearly total N removal (<2 mgN/L) when the influent N is ammonium. The aerobic/anoxic MBfR couples two MBfR modules. The aerobic MBfR is supplied O2 and brings about nitrification of ammonium to nitrate or nitrite. The anoxic MBfR is supplied H2 and brings about denitrification to N2 gas. Total N removal is most strongly influenced by the O2 pressure in the aerobic module: too low O2 caused poor nitrification, while too high O2 inhibited denitrification in the anoxic module. Hydrogen pressure does not strongly affect total-N removal, and the best total-N removal occurs when the H2 and O2 pressures are similar.

scholarly journals The effect of aerated rock filter geometry on the rate of nitrogen removal from facultative pond effluents

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hamdan ◽  
D. D. Mara
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Horizontal Flow ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
Waste Stabilization

Rock filters are an established technology for polishing waste stabilization pond effluents. However, they rapidly become anoxic and consequently do not remove ammonium-nitrogen. Horizontal-flow aerated rock filters (HFARF), developed to permit nitrification and hence ammonium-N removal, were compared with a novel vertical-flow aerated rock filter (VFARF). There were no differences in the removals of BOD5, TSS and TKN, but the VFARF consistently produced effluents with lower ammonium-N concentrations (<0.3 mg N/L) than the HFARF (0.8−1.5 mg N/L) and higher nitrate-N concentrations (24–29 mg N/L vs. 17–24 mg N/L).

The membrane biofilm reactor: the natural partnership of membranes and biofilm

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
Total N ◽  
Autotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor ◽  
N Removal

Many exciting new technologies for water-quality control combine microbiological processes with adsorption, advanced oxidation, a membrane or an electrode to improve performance, address emerging contaminants or capture renewable energy. An excellent example is the H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR), which delivers H2 gas to a biofilm that naturally accumulates on the outer surface of a bubbleless membrane. Autotrophic bacteria in the biofilm oxidise the H2 and use the electrons to reduce NO3−, ClO4− and other oxidised contaminants. This natural partnership of membranes and biofilm makes it possible to gain many cost, performance and simplicity advantages from using H2 as the electron donor for microbially catalysed reductions. The MBfR has been demonstrated for denitrification in drinking water; reduction of perchlorate in groundwater; reduction of selenate, chromate, trichloroethene and other emerging contaminants; advanced N removal in wastewater treatment and autotrophic total-N removal.

Study on Membrane Fouling of a Hydrogen-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor Treating Nitrate-Contaminated Drinking Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 814-817
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Yan Hao Zhang ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Contaminated Drinking Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

A hollow fiber membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) using Polyethylene (PE) membranes was investigated for denitrification in nitrate-contimanitated drinking water. The reactor was operated over 85 days with influent nitrate loading increasing gradually. The result showed that maximum of nitrate denitrification rate achieved was 3.84 g NO3ˉ-N/m3/d (1.36 g NO3ˉ-N/m2/d) and the total nitrogen removal was more than 96%. The results also showed that the membrane pollution was mainly caused by the mineral sedimentation and EPS.

Feasibility study on the removal of nitrous compounds with a hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-H. Shin ◽  
B.-I. Sang ◽  
Y.-C. Chung ◽  
Y.-K. Choung
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Oligotrophic Water

The objective of this study was to develop an integrated nitrogen treatment system using autotrophic organisms. A treatment system consists of an aerobic hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor (HfMBR) and anaerobic HfMBR. In the aerobic HfMBR, a mixture gas of air and O2 was supplied through the fibers for nitrification. Denitrification occurred in the anaerobic HfMBR using H2 as the electron donor. The treatment system was continuously operated for 190 days. NH4-N removal efficiencies ranging from 95% to 97% were achieved at NH4-N concentrations of influent ranging from 50 to 100 mg N/L. When glucose was added to the influent, the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification occurred in the aerobic HfMBR, and nitrogen removal rates were changed according to the COD/NH4-N ratio of influent. In the anaerobic HfMBR, autotrophic denitrification using H2 occurred and the removal rates achieved in this study were 23–58 mg N/m2 d. In this study, the achieved removal efficiency was lower than other study findings; however, the result suggested that this hybrid HfMBR system can be used effectively for nitrogen removal in oligotrophic water.

Influence of operating conditions on population dynamics in nitrifying biofilms

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Lazarova ◽  
Danièle Bellahcen ◽  
Jacques Manem ◽  
David A. Stahl ◽  
Bruce E. Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizers

TURBO N® is a circulating-bed biofilm reactor that provides stable operation and high N removal for a wide range of N and BOD loadings. This paper describes the influence of operating conditions on biofilm composition and population dynamics when the TURBO N® is operated to achieve tertiary nitrification, simultaneous carbon and ammonia oxidation and total nitrogen removal when coupled with a pre-denitrification fixed floating bed reactor. In situ specific nitrification rates and respiration tests showed that ammonium and nitrite oxidizers became less active in the biofilm once oxidation of influent BOD became important. Analyses of community structure with oligonucleotide probes targeted to the 16S rRNA showed the same general trends for nitrifiers, but also suggested shifts in the makeup of the ammonium and nitrite oxidizers that could not be detected with respirometry or specific nitrification rates.

scholarly journals Upflow packed bed Anammox reactor used in two-stage deammonification of sludge digester effluent

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1843-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
İ. Çelen-Erdem ◽  
E. S. Kurt ◽  
B. Bozçelik ◽  
B. Çallı
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

Abstract The sludge digester effluent taken from a full scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Istanbul, Turkey, was successfully deammonified using a laboratory scale two-stage partial nitritation (PN)/Anammox (A) process and a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 1.02 kg N/m3/d was achieved. In the PN reactor, 56.8 ± 4% of the influent NH4-N was oxidized to NO2-N and the effluent nitrate concentration was kept below 1 mg/L with 0.5–0.7 mg/L of dissolved oxygen and pH of 7.12 ± 12 at 24 ± 4°C. The effluent of the PN reactor was fed to an upflow packed bed Anammox reactor where high removal efficiency was achieved with NO2-N:NH4-N and NO3-N:NH4-N ratios of 1.32 ± 0.19:1 and 0.22 ± 0.10:1, respectively. The results show that NH4-N removal efficiency up to 98.7 ± 2.4% and total nitrogen removal of 87.7 ± 6.5% were achieved.

The application of moving bed biofilm reactor to denitrification process after trickling filters

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2909-2916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Kopec ◽  
Jakub Drewnowski ◽  
Adam Kopec
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Trickling Filters ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Denitrification Process

The paper presents research of a prototype moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). The device was used for the post-denitrification process and was installed at the end of a technological system consisting of a septic tank and two trickling filters. The concentrations of suspended biomass and biomass attached on the EvU Perl moving bed surface were determined. The impact of the external organic carbon concentration on the denitrification rate and efficiency of total nitrogen removal was also examined. The study showed that the greater part of the biomass was in the suspended form and only 6% of the total biomass was attached to the surface of the moving bed. Abrasion forces between carriers of the moving bed caused the fast stripping of attached microorganisms and formation of flocs. Thanks to immobilization of a small amount of biomass, the MBBR was less prone to leaching of the biomass and the occurrence of scum and swelling sludge. It was revealed that the maximum rate of denitrification was an average of 0.73 gN-NO3/gDM·d (DM: dry matter), and was achieved when the reactor was maintained in external organic carbon concentration exceeding 300 mgO2/dm3 chemical oxygen demand. The reactor proved to be an effective device enabling the increase of total nitrogen removal from 53.5% to 86.0%.

Experience from start-ups of the first ANITA Mox Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2677-2684 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Christensson ◽  
S. Ekström ◽  
A. Andersson Chan ◽  
E. Le Vaillant ◽  
R. Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up

ANITA™ Mox is a new one-stage deammonification Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) developed for partial nitrification to nitrite and autotrophic N-removal from N-rich effluents. This deammonification process offers many advantages such as dramatically reduced oxygen requirements, no chemical oxygen demand requirement, lower sludge production, no pre-treatment or requirement of chemicals and thereby being an energy and cost efficient nitrogen removal process. An innovative seeding strategy, the ‘BioFarm concept’, has been developed in order to decrease the start-up time of new ANITA Mox installations. New ANITA Mox installations are started with typically 3–15% of the added carriers being from the ‘BioFarm’, with already established anammox biofilm, the rest being new carriers. The first ANITA Mox plant, started up in 2010 at Sjölunda wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Malmö, Sweden, proved this seeding concept, reaching an ammonium removal rate of 1.2 kgN/m3 d and approximately 90% ammonia removal within 4 months from start-up. This first ANITA Mox plant is also the BioFarm used for forthcoming installations. Typical features of this first installation were low energy consumption, 1.5 kW/NH4-N-removed, low N2O emissions, <1% of the reduced nitrogen and a very stable and robust process towards variations in loads and process conditions. The second ANITA Mox plant, started up at Sundets WWTP in Växjö, Sweden, reached full capacity with more than 90% ammonia removal within 2 months from start-up. By applying a nitrogen loading strategy to the reactor that matches the capacity of the seeding carriers, more than 80% nitrogen removal could be obtained throughout the start-up period.

Novel 3D Pd-Cu(OH)2/CF cathode for rapid reduction of nitrate-N and simultaneous total nitrogen removal from wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 401 ◽  
pp. 123232
Author(s):  
Changhui Zhou ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Jinhua Li ◽  
Zhijing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

CHANGES IN NATURAL 15N ABUNDANCE ASSOCIATED WITH PEDOGENIC PROCESSES IN SOIL. II. CHANGES ON DIFFERENT SLOPE POSITIONS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. KARAMANOS ◽  
D. A. RENNIE
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
Soil Forming Processes ◽  
Pedogenic Processes ◽  
15N Abundance ◽  
Upper Slope

Rather marked variations in δa15N values were obtained in a study carried out on samples taken from four soils belonging to the Weyburn soil association. The δa15N of the total N of well-drained depressional profiles dropped sharply with depth and, in contrast, for upper slope positions was relatively constant to a depth of approximately 5 m. This characteristic enrichment in the heavier isotope of total nitrogen of surface horizons may represent long-term immobilization of partially oxidized ammonium N into the organic N fraction; δa15N of the total N more closely represents past soil-forming processes while that of the nitrate N appears to reflect, in addition, recent N cycle stresses.

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