Incorporation of oxygen contribution by plant roots into classical dissolved oxygen deficit model for a subsurface flow treatment wetland

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achintya N. Bezbaruah ◽  
Tian C. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Treatment Wetland ◽  
Deficit Model

It has been long established that plants play major roles in a treatment wetland. However, the role of plants has not been incorporated into wetland models. This study tries to incorporate wetland plants into a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) model so that the relative contributions of the aerobic and anaerobic processes to meeting BOD can be quantitatively determined. The classical dissolved oxygen (DO) deficit model has been modified to simulate the DO curve for a field subsurface flow constructed wetland (SFCW) treating municipal wastewater. Sensitivities of model parameters have been analyzed. Based on the model it is predicted that in the SFCW under study about 64% BOD are degraded through aerobic routes and 36% is degraded anaerobically. While not exhaustive, this preliminary work should serve as a pointer for further research in wetland model development and to determine the values of some of the parameters used in the modified DO deficit and associated BOD model. It should be noted that nitrogen cycle and effects of temperature have not been addressed in these models for simplicity of model formulation. This paper should be read with this caveat in mind.

Comparison of measured and simulated distribution of microbial biomass in subsurface vertical flow constructed wetlands

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Langergraber ◽  
A. Tietz ◽  
R. Haberl
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Reactive Transport ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

The multi-component reactive transport module CW2D has been developed to model transport and reactions of the main constituents of municipal wastewater in subsurface flow constructed wetlands and is able to describe the biochemical elimination and transformation processes for organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. It has been shown that simulation results match the measured data when the flow model can be calibrated well. However, there is a need to develop experimental techniques for the measurement of CW2D model parameters to increase the quality of the simulation results. Over the last years methods to characterise the microbial biocoenosis in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands have been developed. The paper shows measured data for microbial biomass and their comparison with simulation results using different heterotrophic lysis rate constants.

Modelling and characterization of primary settlers in view of whole plant and resource recovery modelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 2251-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Bachis ◽  
Thibaud Maruéjouls ◽  
Sovanna Tik ◽  
Youri Amerlinck ◽  
Henryk Melcer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment ◽  
Settling Velocity Distribution ◽  
Downstream Processes

Characterization and modelling of primary settlers have been neglected pretty much to date. However, whole plant and resource recovery modelling requires primary settler model development, as current models lack detail in describing the dynamics and the diversity of the removal process for different particulate fractions. This paper focuses on the improved modelling and experimental characterization of primary settlers. First, a new modelling concept based on particle settling velocity distribution is proposed which is then applied for the development of an improved primary settler model as well as for its characterization under addition of chemicals (chemically enhanced primary treatment, CEPT). This model is compared to two existing simple primary settler models (Otterpohl and Freund; Lessard and Beck), showing to be better than the first one and statistically comparable to the second one, but with easier calibration thanks to the ease with which wastewater characteristics can be translated into model parameters. Second, the changes in the activated sludge model (ASM)-based chemical oxygen demand fractionation between inlet and outlet induced by primary settling is investigated, showing that typical wastewater fractions are modified by primary treatment. As they clearly impact the downstream processes, both model improvements demonstrate the need for more detailed primary settler models in view of whole plant modelling.

scholarly journals Prediction of Dissolved Oxygen and Study of Engineered Nanoparticles to Improve Water Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Chee ◽  
Richard Kyung
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Water Quality Control

The lack of fresh water is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Increasing population and arid regions due to the temperature change limitthe use of clean water. In this paper, Streeter-Phelps equation was used tofind the levels of DO(Dissolved Oxygen) and the oxygen deficit which arethe main criteria for the water body quality. Reaeration constants and deoxygenation coefficients were used to find how the DO and BOD(Biological Oxygen Demand) of the water bodies converge to equilibrium. Somepollutants cannot be removed from water efficiently via traditional watertreatment. EDTA derivatives, owing to their engineered chemical properties, are also studied to be the potential metal ion chelator for enhancementof water quality. These molecules were tested for their thermodynamicstabilities, reactivities, and polarizations, and these characteristics are foundto be important factors in selecting the most suitable chelator for metal ionchelation which is used for water quality control.

Steady-state dissolved oxygen model for the Rideau River

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Adamowski ◽  
A. C. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Sediment Oxygen Demand ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
Rideau River

A steady-state, one dimensional dissolved oxygen (DO) model was developed for summer conditions for the Rideau River near Ottawa, Ontario. Model parameters were estimated for July 1975 conditions, and model acceptance was based on June 1975 conditions. Results of the model indicated that the tributaries in this section had only a marginal effect on DO concentrations. The major factor affecting DO concentrations was the distributed source–sink processes, which include photosynthesis, respiration, and sediment oxygen demand. River channel reaeration and aeration at dams had a minimal effect on DO.

scholarly journals USING HORIZONTAL SUBSURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND SYSTEM IN THE TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER FOR AGRICULTURE PURPOSES

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahi & Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow ◽  
Reuse Of Treated Wastewater

 Reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation purpose can reduce high pressure on freshwater resources. A horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF CW) system filled with gravel and planted with Phragmites Australia was used to treat the real wastewater at Al-Rustumia wastewater treatment plant. Some characteristics of wastewater such as biochemical oxygen demand, phosphate and total suspended solids have been monitored from 15 January until 8 July 2018. The results proved that HSSF unit has a good efficacy in the reduction of previous parameters with removal of 84.2, 55.4 and 72.7% while sulphate and total dissolved solids were less removal efficiency with 3.3 and  0.99 % respectively. The measured values of these parameters were within the permissible limits suitable for irrigation purposes.

Effectiveness of the Horizontal, Vertical and Hybrid Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Systems in Polishing Municipal Wastewater

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austine Owuor Otieno ◽  
George Njomo Karuku ◽  
James Messo Raude ◽  
Oscar Koech
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nutrients Removal ◽  
Total Phosphorous ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow ◽  
National Environmental

This study aimed at comparing the performance of horizontal, vertical and hybrid subsurface flow system in polishing wastewater effluent from the maturation pond at Gusii wastewater treatment plant, Kenya. The treatments were monitored for six weeks duration for chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total nitrogen and total phosphorous against Kenya’s National Environmental Management Authority standards for effluent discharge. Among the systems planted with Vetiver grass, the hybrid subsurface flow system significantly removed the pollutants more efficiently than the single operated systems. The Vetiver planted hybrid subsurface flow wetland systems achieved the highest removal of COD, TN, TP and TSS at 82.4, 87.9, 65 and 94.6%, respectively as compared to other wetland systems. The planted vertical subsurface flow removed COD, TN and TP at 72.9, 75.7, and 50.7%, respectively more efficiently than the horizontal subsurface flow system that achieved removal of COD, TN and TP at 65.3, 70.0 and 43.8%, respectively. The planted horizontal subsurface flow wetland however showed better TSS removal at 89.9% compared to 83.2% achieved by vertical subsurface flow system. The unplanted systems exhibited a similar trend whereby the hybrid subsurface flow systems achieved better performance than the single systems though with significantly (P≤0.05) lower organics and nutrients removal efficiencies compared to the planted systems. 

scholarly journals Performance of Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Systems in the Treatment of Al-Rustumia Municipal Wastewater using Continuous Loading Feed

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Muna A. Rahi ◽  
Ayad A. H. Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Flow Unit ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow

This study aimed at comparing the performance of vertical, horizontal and hybrid subsurface flow systems in secondary treatment for the effluent wastewater from the primary basins at Al-Rustumia wastewater treatment plant, Baghdad, Iraq. The treatments were monitored for six weeks while the testsduration were from 4 to 12 September 2018 under continuous wastewater feeding for chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS),ammonia-nitrogen(NH4-N) and phosphate (PO4-P) in comparison with FAO and USEPA standards for effluent discharge to evaluate the suitability of treated water for irrigation purposes. Among the systems planted with Phragmites Australia, the hybrid subsurface flow system which consisted of vertical unit followed by horizontal one, considerably removed the pollutants more efficiently than the single operated systems. The planted hybrid subsurface flow wetland system was achieved the highest removal with a mean removal rate of COD,TSS, NH4-N, and PO4-Pat 99.3, 83.2,67.4 and 53% respectively and these percentages were decreased in the other systems. The results proved that the planted vertical subsurface flow unit can be removed the COD, TSS, NH4-N and PO4-Pwith values of 93, 71.1, 43.3 and 30.7%, respectively while the achieved removals by horizontal subsurface flow unit of 99, 74.3, 54.5 and 20.3%, respectively. The planted horizontal subsurface flow wetland, however, showed a good efficacy for all parameters in the treatment process except for PO4-P when it is compared with vertical system, however, there is a clear increase in the NO3-N effluent concentration for all treatment units.

Investigation of the Contribution of Natural Organic Runoff to Dissolved Oxygen Depletion in the Red Deer River

1979 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
S.E. Penttinen ◽  
P.H. Bouthillier ◽  
S.E. Hrudey
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Nitrogen Budgets ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Tributary Stream ◽  
Small Tributary

Abstract Studies on the chronic low dissolved oxygen problems encountered under winter ice in the Red Deer River have generally been unable to account for dissolved oxygen depletion in terms of known manmade inputs. An experimental program was developed to assess the possible nature and approximate bounds of oxygen demand due to natural organic runoff carried to the Red Deer River by a small tributary stream, the Blindman River. The study employed an electrolytic respirometer on stream water samples subjected to prior concentration by vacuum evaporation. Evaluation of carbon and nitrogen budgets in conjunction with the measured oxygen demand indicate that biochemical oxygen demand is originating with natural organic runoff in tributaries of the Red Deer River. The results provide a basis for estimation of the possible contribution to the observed oxygen demand in the Red Deer River originating from natural organic runoff.

Methods for studying dissolved oxygen levels in coastal and estuarine waters receiving combined sewer overflows

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
José A. Revilla ◽  
Kalin N. Koev ◽  
Rafael Díaz ◽  
César Álvarez ◽  
Antonio Roldán
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
High Computational Cost

One factor in determining the transport capacity of coastal interceptors in Combined Sewer Systems (CSS) is the reduction of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in coastal waters originating from the overflows. The study of the evolution of DO in coastal zones is complex. The high computational cost of using mathematical models discriminates against the required probabilistic analysis being undertaken. Alternative methods, based on such mathematical modelling, employed in a limited number of cases, are therefore needed. In this paper two alternative methods are presented for the study of oxygen deficit resulting from overflows of CSS. In the first, statistical analyses focus on the causes of the deficit (the volume discharged). The second concentrates on the effects (the concentrations of oxygen in the sea). Both methods have been applied in a study of the coastal interceptor at Pasajes Estuary (Guipúzcoa, Spain) with similar results.

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