Stormwater runoff treatment filtration system and backwashing system

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junho Lee ◽  
Myungjin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Combined Sewer

Abstract This study has been carried out to evaluate the applicability of the pilot scale hybrid type of stormwater runoff treatment system for treatment of combined sewer overflow. Also, to determine the optimum operation parameter such as coagulation dosage concentration, effectiveness of coagulant usage, surface loading rate and backwashing conditions. The pilot scale stormwater filtration system (SFS) was installed at the municipal wastewater plant serving the city of Cheongju (CWTP), Korea. CWTP has a capacity of 280,000 m3/day. The SFS consists of a hydrocyclone coagulation/flocculation with polyaluminium chloride silicate (PACS) and an upflow filter to treat combined sewer overflows. There are two modes (without PACS use and with PACS use) of operation for the SFS. In case of no coagulant use, the range of suspended solids (SS) and turbidity removal efficiency were 72.0–86.6% (mean 80.0%) and 30.9–71.1% (mean 49.3%), respectively. And, the recovery rate of filter was 79.2–83.6% (mean 81.2%); the rate of remaining solid loading in filter media was 16.4–20.8% (mean 18.8%) after backwashing. The influent turbidity, SS concentrations were 59.0–90.7 NTU (mean 72.0 NTU), 194.0–320.0mg/L (mean 246.7mg/L), respectively. The range of PACS dosage concentration was 6.0–7.1mg/L (mean 6.7mg/L). The range of SS and turbidity removal efficiency was 84.9–98.2 (mean 91.4%) and 70.7–96.3 (mean 84.0%), respectively. It was found that removal efficiency was enhanced with PACS dosage. The recovery rate of filter was 92.0–92.5% (mean 92.3%) the rate of remaining solid loading in filter media was 6.1–8.2% (mean 7.2%) after backwashing. In the case of coagulant use, the particle size of the effluent is bigger than influent particle size. The results showed that SFS with PACS use more effective than without PACS use in SS and turbidity removal efficiency and recovery rate of filter.

scholarly journals Upflow Filtration System Using Fiber-Ball Filter Media for the Treatment of Nonpoint Pollution

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-159
Author(s):  
Junho Lee ◽  
Daesik Song
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Fiber Ball

Objectives : The objective of this study is to investigate the performance of the fiber-ball media upflow filtration system for non-point pollutants treatment.Methods : The additional air backwashing nozzle were installed between upper and lower fliter media cartridge. The effect of feed SS concentration, surface overflow rate, retention time, head loss on the removal efficiency were investigated respectively. Particle size distribution, SEM, and backwashing effect were also analyzed.Results and Discussion : The operated of upflow filter mean retention time, mean head loss were 1.99 min, 7.2 cm. On condition of SOR 480 m3/m2/day, results indicate that the range of removal efficiency of turbidity and SS were 76.8 ~ 93.21% (mean 88.3%) and 85.4 ~ 97.9% (mean 92.7%), respectively. The effluent turbidity and SS were under 15 NTU, 20 mg/L, respectively.Conclusions : Since turbidity can be continuously monitored in a filtration non-point pollution treatment system, turbidity can be used as a operation factor in evaluating operating conditions. The particle size the effluent larger than the influent was due to bonding, collision and adsorption between particles in the pores of the filter media. SEM analysis showed that after backwashing, very fine particles in the filter medium were not removed but adhered to the fiber yarn and remained. The average recovery rate of fiber-ball media filtration was 88.7%, which is evaluated as excellent in backwashing.

scholarly journals Effect of filter media thickness on the performance of sand drying beds used for faecal sludge management

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2795-2806
Author(s):  
M. Manga ◽  
B. E. Evans ◽  
M. A. Camargo-Valero ◽  
N. J. Horan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Faecal Sludge

The effect of sand filter media thickness on the performance of faecal sludge (FS) drying beds was determined in terms of: dewatering time, contaminant load removal efficiency, solids generation rate, nutrient content and helminth eggs viability in the dried sludge. A mixture of ventilated improved pit latrine sludge and septage in the ratio 1:2 was dewatered using three pilot-scale sludge drying beds with sand media thicknesses of 150, 250 and 350 mm. Five dewatering cycles were conducted and monitored for each drying bed. Although the 150 mm filter had the shortest average dewatering time of 3.65 days followed by 250 mm and 350 mm filters with 3.83 and 4.02 days, respectively, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) attributable to filter media thickness configurations. However, there was a significant difference for the percolate contaminant loads in the removal and recovery efficiency of suspended solids, total solids, total volatile solids, nitrogen species, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand, with the highest removal efficiency for each parameter achieved by the 350 mm filter. There were also significant differences in the nutrient content (NPK) and helminth eggs viability of the solids generated by the tested filters. Filtering media configurations similar to 350 mm have the greatest potential for optimising nutrient recovery from FS.

Filtration Treatment of Pollutants in Urban Runoff Using Expanded Polypropylene Media

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 573-576
Author(s):  
Sung Won Kang ◽  
Byung Cheol Lee ◽  
Young Im Kim ◽  
Sang Leen Yun ◽  
Yong Jin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Filter Media

Pollutants such as heavy metals and PAHs (Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in stormwater runoff are a major problem in urban areas because these pollutants are discharged directly, in most cases without any treatment, into the receiving environments like river and lake. Since many of the pollutants are associated with suspended particulate materials in stormwater, SS (suspended solids) is of acknowledged importance in stormwater runoff treatment by BMPs (best management practices). Filtration, which is commonly used for removing particulate matter in stormwater structural BMPs, depends on various factors (e.g., filter media size, flow rate, bed depth, filter surface properties, etc). Especially, the characteristics of filter media are important factor affecting removal efficiency of pollutants and replacement period of filter media in filtration performance. In this study, EPM (expanded polypropylene media) as a filter media was manufactured at different expansion ratios (i.e., 5, 10, 15 times) and tested in the up-flow filtration for removing pollutants in urban stormwater runoff. The specific surface area of EPM10, EPM15, EPM30, EPM54 was 0.760 m2/g, 0.799 m2/g, 0.812 m2/g, 0.845 m2/g, respectively. The SS removal efficiency (64.1%) by EPM media was higher than that (44.2%) by sand media. In case of EPM10 media, it took 175min of removal rate of filtration system to be approached under 50% and EPM15 media was spent 110min. However, the SS removal efficiency of EPM15 was over 10% higher than that of EPM10. The CODCr removal efficiency of EPM media was also increased with increasing expansion rate. The experimental results in this work show that pollutant removal efficiency by EPM media was increased with increasing expansion ratio but replacement period of media was decreased. EPM media are expected to adsorb non-biological organics like PAHs owing to its hydrophobicity.

Influence of Backwashing Time on Iron, Manganese, Ammonia and Turbidity Removal Using a Pilot-Scale Biological Filter

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1097-1102
Author(s):  
Qing Feng Cheng ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Xiang Kun Li ◽  
Ling Wei Meng ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Biological Filter ◽  
The Media ◽  
Iron Manganese

Backwashing time is one of the most critical operational parameters for biological filter. In order to investigate the effect of backwashing time on iron, manganese, ammonia and turbidity removal, three backwashing time (5 min, 4 min and 3 min) were adopted. Results showed that the average concentration of total iron, manganese and ammonia in effluent was 0.025 mg/L, 0.007 mg/L, and 0.022 mg/L; 0.012 mg/L, 0.001 mg/L and 0.017 mg/L; 0.013 mg/L, 0.000 mg/L and 0.016 mg/L, respectively, which illustrated varying backwashing time had little influence on the removal efficiency of them. The turbidity in effluent was 0.28 NTU, 0.38 NTU, 0.57 NTU, respectively. The shorter backwashing time, the higher turbidity in effluent. Turbidity was almost completely removed in 0~0.4m of the media. After backwashing, the turbidity in effluent was decreased to less than 1 NTU in 40 min, droped to less than 0.5 NTU in 90 min.

scholarly journals Application of Bottom Ash as Filter Media for Construction Site Runoff Control

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 990
Author(s):  
Ki Woong Bang ◽  
Jin Chul Joo ◽  
Jin Ho Kim ◽  
Eunbi Kang ◽  
Jongsoo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Gravel Size ◽  
Runoff Control

The potential application of bottom ash (BA) for construction site runoff control as an alternative filter media with high removal efficiency of total suspended solids (TSS) and longer operation period were evaluated. Both lab-scale single-layer and pilot-scale multi-layer filtration experiments were performed using BA filter media with different particle sizes and various volumetric flow rates. Due to the mesoporous, irregular, and spherical shape of gravel-size BA filter media used in this study, relatively low surface area, negligible pore volume, and greater pore size were observed. Both TSS removal efficiencies and clogging of BA filter media were a complex function of particle size of BA filter media and loading rate of TSS. Incoming TSS particles did not significantly penetrate beyond 46-cm BA filter media depth, accumulating on the upper layers and gradually forming a clogging layer to critical thickness, and finally the clogging filtration mechanism dominated the overall removal efficiency of TSS. Accumulation of TSS on BA filter media can be explained by the lumped sigmoidal empirical model, and an exponential decline in accumulation of TSS with depth results in minimal accumulation beneath the clogging layer. As practical implications, BA filter media depth of less than 46 cm is recommended with dual- or multi-media filters using mixtures of gravel-size BA and silt-size fine media, and a combination of detention basins can reduce frequent periodic de-clogging operation and management.

Effect of Filter Media Particle Size Distribution on Filtration Efficiency

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Amini ◽  
H.V. Truong
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Sediment Removal ◽  
Filter Water

Abstract The results of an experimental study of a sand filter water quality model are presented. The model is built to represent an underground confined water quality sand filter structure. Three types of sands, namely fine, medium and coarse, were used to study the effect of filter media particle size distribution on sediment removal efficiency. The results indicated that the sediment removal efficiency for all sand types decreased with time. The use of medium sand provided the scale model filter with the highest sediment removal efficiency. The finding of this study indicates that the media grain size has a measurable effect on the efficiency of the sand filter water quality structure.

Pilot plant study of alternative filter media for rapid gravity filtration

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2779-2784 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Davies ◽  
A. D. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Recycled Glass ◽  
Pilot Plant Study

Sand has been the main filter media used in rapid gravity filtration since its introduction. The dominance of sand has been due to its low cost and availability. Extensive experience has led to sand filters with a dependable and predictable performance. Sand remains the preferred filter medium but usually with a larger sized anthracite capping to reduce the onset of head loss. Other approved filter media are now commercially available and this paper compares sand with recycled glass, Filtralite® and slate at pilot scale. The results have reaffirmed the basic importance of particle size on head loss and turbidity performance rather than surface activity or specific surface area. The results did suggest, however, that particle shape and packing exerted a stronger influence on performance than previously acknowledged. These could be used to improve the design and the contribution to sustainability made by rapid gravity filters.

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