scholarly journals Optimizing water-reuse and increasing water-saving potentials by linking treated industrial and municipal wastewater for a sustainable urban development

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 1927-1940
Author(s):  
S. Bauer ◽  
H. J. Linke ◽  
M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Reuse Water ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Water Scarce

Abstract New industrial and urban developments in water-scarce regions are often inhibited by their high demand for water from natural resources. In addition, there often is a lack of water for purposes that contribute to an improved quality of life, such as urban green spaces. Therefore, the integrated industrial-urban water-reuse concept presents a strategy by linking and reusing treated industrial and municipal wastewater flows to increase urban water-reuse potentials. The concept of combining different reuse water flows, from wastewater treatment plants from industrial parks, aims at significantly increasing the water-saving potentials compared to a separate consideration of the industrial wastewater flows.

Identification of pathogen bacteria and protozoa in treated urban wastewaters discharged in the Ebro River (Spain): water reuse possibilities

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mosteo ◽  
M. P. Ormad ◽  
P. Goñi ◽  
J. Rodríguez-Chueca ◽  
A. García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

The aim of this research work is to identify the presence of pathogens, bacteria and protozoa, in different treated urban wastewaters and to relate biological pollution with the processes used in wastewater treatment plants. A study of the possibilities for water reuse is carried out taking into account bacterial and parasite composition. The analysed bacteria and protozoa are: Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens (spore), Salmonella spp., Legionella spp., helminths eggs, Giardia, Cryptosporidium spp. and free-living amoebae (FLA). The selected municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) are located in Navarra (Spain) and the main difference between them is the use of natural lagoons as tertiary treatment in some plants. The results concerning bacteriological identification showed contamination of mainly faecal origin, and the use of natural lagoons as tertiary treatment in some MWTPs produced an important disinfection effect. Moreover, pathogen parasites such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium were not detected in the samples studied although FLA were identified in all cases.

scholarly journals Combining industrial and urban water‐reuse concepts for increasing the water resources in water‐scarce regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1027-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Bauer ◽  
Hans Joachim Linke ◽  
Martin Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Scarce

Integrated urban water management for residential areas: a reuse model

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Barton ◽  
J. R. Argue
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Reuse Water ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Face ◽  
Local Water

Global concern over growing urban water demand in the face of limited water resources has focussed attention on the need for better management of available water resources. This paper takes the “fit for purpose” concept and applies it in the development of a model aimed at changing current practices with respect to residential planning by integrating reuse systems into the design layout. This residential reuse model provides an approach to the design of residential developments seeking to maximise water reuse. Water balance modelling is used to assess the extent to which local water resources can satisfy residential demands with conditions based on the city of Adelaide, Australia. Physical conditions include a relatively flat topography and a temperate climate, with annual rainfall being around 500 mm. The level of water-self-sufficiency that may be achieved within a reuse development in this environment is estimated at around 60%. A case study is also presented in which a conventional development is re-designed on the basis of the reuse model. Costing of the two developments indicates the reuse scenario is only marginally more expensive. Such costings however do not include the benefit to upstream and downstream environments resulting from reduced demand and discharges. As governments look to developers to recover system augmentation and environmental costs the economics of such approaches will increase.

scholarly journals Water-reuse concepts for industrial parks in water-stressed regions in South East Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bauer ◽  
A. Dell ◽  
J. Behnisch ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
X. Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Reuse Water ◽  
Toilet Flushing ◽  
Industrial Parks

Abstract With regard to the water shortage in several regions of South East Asia, the paper focuses on the development of a sustainable Industrial WasteWater Management Concept with the focus on Reuse (brand name: IW2MC → R) to reduce water consumption from natural resources. The IW2MC → R includes the sustainable treatment of wastewater in industrial parks (IP) to provide reuse water for different purposes. The main objective is to reach the highest possible Industrial Park Reuse Factor (IPRF). The IPRF describes the relation between wastewater inflow to the central wastewater treatment plant and the outflow of reuse water for different applications. The Infrastructure Reuse Factor (IRF), one component of the IPRF, relates to infrastructural reuse applications (e.g. irrigation, street cleaning, toilet flushing). To determine the IRF, a model industrial park is applied. A first calculation resulting in an IRF of ∼25% includes reuse applications for irrigating green spaces, street cleaning, and toilet flushing. In cases when other applications for reuse water are considered (e.g. cooling or firefighting water), the IRF can be higher than 25%. Thus, the IW2MC → R provides a sustainable solution strategy, especially for water-stressed regions, to drive new IP developments by reducing water extraction from natural resources.

scholarly journals Sustainability requirements of implementing water-reuse concepts for new industrial park developments in water-stressed regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-499
Author(s):  
S. Bauer ◽  
A. Dell ◽  
J. Behnisch ◽  
H. J. Linke ◽  
M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Reuse Water ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Space Saving ◽  
Management Concept ◽  
Fit For Purpose

Abstract Requirements for wastewater management and water-reuse concepts concerning sustainability are gaining greater importance, especially in times of climate change. Industrial park developments are often hindered due to water scarcity. Thus, nowadays, the reuse of wastewater is becoming more and more important to increase the availability of water and to enable new developments. The sustainable Industrial WasteWater Management Concept with the focus on Reuse (IW2MC → R) provides a solution strategy to produce reuse water from industrial wastewater within production plants. To achieve sustainability, certain requirements are essential since the reuse water can be provided directly via an optimized wastewater treatment process for subsequent use. Hence, it is then ‘fit for purpose’. This enables a more efficient application of reuse water. Furthermore, due to environmental issues, it is important to construct space-saving water resource recovery facilities for reducing land consumption within industrial parks.

scholarly journals Economic and environmental assessment of water reuse in industrial parks: case study based on a Model Industrial Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birte Boysen ◽  
Jorge Cristóbal ◽  
Jens Hilbig ◽  
Almut Güldemund ◽  
Liselotte Schebek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Reuse Water ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Reuse Options ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Industrial wastewater reuse is a major measure to mitigate the depletion of available freshwater resources in the catchments around industrial areas and to prevent possible future water shortages and the resulting problems for industry, economy and society. Combining a set of environmental aspects and economic aspects of different wastewater treatment technologies, the authors developed a model-based approach for planning and evaluating water reuse concepts in industrial parks. This paper is based on an exemplary Model Industrial Park. The results based on data primarily calculated for Germany show that, for the majority of the indicators, the installation of the Water Reuse Plant seems to be beneficial for all examined reuse options. Considering the economic dimension, due to economies of scale, reuse options with larger volumes of treated water are preferable since the costs per m3 of reuse water are reduced by up to 33%. On the other hand, the environmentally preferable option depends on the respective indicator, e.g. for freshwater eutrophication, the higher the reuse factor, the lower the impact, leading to reductions between 8 and 12%. For climate change, the best option is dependent on the reuse purpose leading to reductions between 8 and 52%.

Aspects of municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse for future water resource shortages in Taiwan

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Chiou ◽  
T.C. Chang ◽  
C.F. Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation And Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

The Water Resources Agency (WRA), Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) has predicted that the annual water demand in Taiwan will reach approximately 20 billion m3 by 2021. However, the present water supply is only 18 billion m3 per year. This means that an additional 2 billion m3 have to be developed in the next 17 years. The reuse of treated wastewater effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants could be one target for the development of new water resources. The responsible government departments already have plans to construct public sewerage systems in order to improve the quality of life of the populace and protect the environment. The treated wastewater effluent from such municipal wastewater treatment plants could be a very stable and readily available secondary type of water resource, different from the traditional types of water resources. The major areas where reclaimed municipal wastewater can be used to replace traditional fresh water resources include agricultural and landscape irrigation, street cleaning, toilet flushing, secondary industrial reuse and environmental uses. However, necessary wastewater reclamation and reuse systems have not yet been established. The requirements for their establishment include water reuse guidelines and criteria, the elimination of health risks ensuring safe use, the determination of the wastewater treatment level appropriate for the reuse category, as well as the development and application of management systems reuse. An integrated system for water reuse would be of great benefit to us all by providing more efficient ways to utilise the water resources.

scholarly journals Economic evaluation of different treatment options for water reuse in industrial parks using modular cost functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Hilbig ◽  
Birte Boysen ◽  
Philipp Wolfsdorf ◽  
Karl-Ulrich Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Cost Functions ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Industrial Parks

Abstract Industrial parks (IPs) play a significant role in the context of economic growth as well as urban and regional development strategies. They rely on the availability of factors of production and an enabling environment, which also includes the legal framework and economic conditions. The availability of water is essential for the operation and expansion of IPs. Sustainable, efficient and reliable water supply is crucial for IPs and the companies located in the IPs. Reusing wastewater to reduce the amount of drinking or process water necessary for production requires economically viable treatment processes. From an economic point of view, it is important to compare the costs of different treatment trains and to ensure that technical solutions generate an economic benefit for the operators of the IPs. Based on data from municipal wastewater treatment, the authors derive cost functions for individual treatment processes and develop tools for a modular economic assessment of water reuse in IPs.

Experience with the design and operation of sustainable wastewater treatment facilities for pollution control and water reuse in Morocco and Jordan

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Young ◽  
J. Brinkley ◽  
R. Copithorn ◽  
J. Karam ◽  
O. Abu-Rayyan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Operating experience at municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Morocco was used to develop design criteria and operating procedures for the construction of two new WWTPs in Shobak and North Shouneh, Jordan to treat septage from small communities to water reuse standards. The WWTPs use an anaerobic/settling digestion tank, facultative lagoons, intermittent or recirculating sand filters, and reed beds to remove solids, carbon, nitrogen, and pathogens. The facilities are sustainable in that they minimize the use of complex mechanical and electrical equipment, do not require chemicals or high electrical demands, and produce beneficial products for the communities which include irrigation water, reeds, and dried biosolids that can be used as a soil amendment.

scholarly journals Disinfection of treated wastewater as an essential purification step for safe urban reuse: a comparative pilot study of UV- and ClO2-disinfection systems for urban reuse applications in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bischoff ◽  
J. H. Fan ◽  
P. Cornel ◽  
M. Wagner ◽  
L. M. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Log10 Reduction ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Disinfection Methods ◽  
Wastewater Disinfection

Disinfection of wastewater is vital in addressing the potential health risks of urban water reuse. To compare the applicability of wastewater disinfection methods other than chlorine, identical pilot plants that used ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) dosing were installed at municipal wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai, China and Darmstadt, Germany. The investigation included public health and environmental aspects associated with the two disinfection methods. The results of the pilot-scale studies suggest that, in order to comply with Chinese water quality standards for urban water reuse, it is advisable to have a tertiary treatment before wastewater disinfection. Both methods were able to achieve a 4 log10 reduction in both total coliforms and Escherichia coli (E. coli). There was no evidence for regrowth of E. coli. However, after an initial 3 log10 reduction, HPC increased within 48 h by more than 10-fold after UV irradiation as well as after low doses of ClO2. An increase in acute toxicity was detected after dosing with ClO2 but not after UV irradiation.

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