STUDIES OF METAL-WATER REACTIONS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES. II. TREAT EXPERIMENTS: STATUS REPORT ON RESULTS WITH ALUMINUM, STAINLESS STEEL-304, URANIUM, AND ZIRCALOY-2

1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Liimatainen ◽  
R.O. Ivins ◽  
M.F. Deerwester ◽  
F.J. Testa
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Metal Water

Hardness and adhesive properties of (Cr, Mo) oxycarbide films on stainless steel via vapor deposition

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2895-2902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Hung Lo ◽  
Wen-Cheng J. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Adhesive Strength ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Similar Calculation ◽  
Deformation Bands ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Fracture Modes ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Microindentation Technique

A hexacarbonyl of chromium and molybdenum [(Cr, Mo) (CO)6] was used as an oxycarbide source for the coating on stainless steel 304 (SS304) at temperatures from 175 °C to 450 °C. Hardness of the films was determined from a microindentation technique through a similar calculation after Thomas (1987). Intrinsic hardnesses of the films formed at low and medium temperatures were determined to be 8.61 and 2.75 GPa, respectively. Both of them are larger than that of SS304 substrate, 1.75 GPa. Adhesive strength of the films was measured by the scratching test. The results reveal that the adhesive strengths of the films formed at low, medium, and high temperatures are 2.8 N, 37.6 N, and 36.0 N, respectively. Two different fracture modes after scratching were found for the films obtained at various temperature regions. A spalling-off type or a deformation failure with many cracks and deformation bands beside the striation was found.

AK STEEL 410S

Alloy Digest ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Austenite Formation ◽  
Oxidation Resistant

Abstract AK Steel 410S is a fully ferritic stainless steel with elements added to retard austenite formation at high temperatures. The resulting low hardening allows for use as oxidation-resistant parts. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-964. Producer or source: AK Steel.

EXPLOSIVE CLADDING OF ALUMINIUM 5052-STAINLESS STEEL 304

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saravanan S ◽  
Murugan G
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Interfacial Microstructure ◽  
Bend Angle ◽  
Flyer Plate ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Molten Layer ◽  
Explosive Cladding ◽  
Plate Velocity ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Loading Ratio

This study addresses the effect of process parameters viz., loading ratio (mass of explosive/mass of flyer plate) and preset angle on dynamic bend angle, collision velocity and flyer plate velocity in dissimilar explosive cladding. In addition, the variation in interfacial microstructure and mechanical strength of aluminium 5052-stainless steel 304 explosive clads is reported. The interface exhibits a characteristic undulating interface with a continuous molten layer formation. The interfacial amplitude increases with the loading ratio and preset angle. Maximum hardness is observed at regions closer to the interface

Evaluation of the residual stress in stainless steel 304L hydraulically expanded joints

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440892096401
Author(s):  
Ying Hong ◽  
Xuesheng Wang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Yong Han
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Initial Clearance

Stainless steel 304 L tubes are commonly used in the fabrication of heat exchangers for nuclear power stations. The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of 304 L tubes in hydraulically expanded tube-to-tubesheet joints is the main reason for the failure of heat exchangers. In this study, 304 L hydraulically expanded joint specimens were prepared and the residual stresses of a tube were evaluated with both an experimental method and the finite element method (FEM). The residual stresses in the outer and inner surfaces of the tube were measured by strain gauges. The expanding and unloading processes of the tube-to-tubesheet joints were simulated by the FEM. Furthermore, an SCC test was carried out to verify the results of the experimental measurement and the FEM. There was good agreement between the FEM and the experimental results. The distribution of the residual stress of the tube in the expanded joint was revealed by the FEM. The effects of the expansion pressure, initial tube-to-hole clearance, and yield strength of the tube on the residual stress in the transition zone that lay between the expanded and unexpanded region of the tube were investigated. The results showed that the residual stress of the expanded joint reached the maximum value when the initial clearance was eliminated. The residual stress level decreased with the decrease of the initial tube-to-hole clearance and yield strength. Finally, an effective method that would reduce the residual stress without losing tightness was proposed.

A Noncyclic Method for Determination of Accumulated Strain in Stainless Steel 304 Pressure Vessels

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongfeng Jiang ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Liang Sun ◽  
Yiliang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoliang Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Elastic Domain ◽  
Ratcheting Strain ◽  
Stainless Steel 304 ◽  
Accumulated Strain

Experimental results of uniaxial ratcheting tests for stainless steel 304 (SS304) under stress-controlled condition at room temperature showed that the elastic domain defined in this paper expands with accumulation of plastic strain. Both ratcheting strain and viscoplastic strain rates reduce with the increase of elastic domain, and the total strain will be saturated finally. If the saturated strain and corresponded peak stress of different experimental results under the stress ratio R ≥ 0 are plotted, a curve demonstrating the material shakedown states of SS304 can be constituted. Using this curve, the accumulated strain in a pressure vessel subjected to cyclic internal pressure can be determined by only an elastic-plastic analysis, and without the cycle-by-cycle analysis. Meanwhile, a physical experiment of a thin-walled pressure vessel subjected to cyclic internal pressure has been carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this noncyclic method. By comparison, the accumulated strains evaluated by the noncyclic method agreed well with those obtained from the experiments. The noncyclic method is simpler and more practical than the cycle-by-cycle method for engineering design.

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