Cytotoxicity, Anti-diabetic, and hepato-protective potential of Ajuga bracteosa-conjugated silver nanoparticles in Balb/c mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Nazer ◽  
Saiqa Andleeb ◽  
Shaukat Ali ◽  
Nazia Gulzar ◽  
Abida Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Protective Potential ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

Background: Ajuga bracteosa is a traditional herb used against various diseases. Objective: Current research aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic and hepato-protective effect of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (ABAgNPs) using Ajuga bracteosa aqueous extract (ABaqu). Methods: In vitro anti-diabetic and cytotoxic effects were carried out via α- glucosidase inhibition, brine shrimp lethality, and protein kinase inhibition assays. For in vivo screening of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of both ABAgNPs and ABaqu in alloxan-induced and CCl4-induced Swiss albino mice were used. Liver and kidney functional markers, hematology, and histopathological studies were carried out after 14 days of administration. Results: In vivo antidiabetic and anti-cancerous effects showed valuable anti-hyperglycemic and hepato-protective potential when mice were treated with ABaqu and ABAgNPs. A significant reduction in the blood glucose level was recorded when ABaqu and ABAgNPs were administrated orally compared to Glibenclamide treated group. Significant reduction in ALT, AST, ALP, urea, uric acid, and creatinine was recorded in ABaqu and ABAgNPs treated diabetic mice. The hepato-protective findings indicated that ALT, ALP, AST were elevated in CCl4-induced mice while declined in both ABAgNPs and ABaqu treated CCl4-induced mice. Histopathological examination revealed that ABAgNPs have hepato-protective activity. Conclusion: It was concluded that ABAgNPs and ABaqu possessed strong anti-diabetic and hepato-protective phytoconstituents which could be used in the prevention of diseases.

Preparation, Standardization and Anti-plasmodial Efficacy of Novel Malaria Nosodes

Homeopathy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansi Suri ◽  
Neha Sylvia Walter ◽  
Sapna Katnoria ◽  
Varun Gorki ◽  
Raj Kumar Manchanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Rodent Host ◽  
Cytokine Analysis ◽  
Infected Rbcs ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Abstract Background Resistance to artemisinin and its partner drugs has threatened the sustainability of continuing the global efforts to curb malaria, which urges the need to look for newer therapies to control the disease without any adverse side effects. In the present study, novel homeopathic nosodes were prepared from Plasmodium falciparum and also assessed for their in vitro and in vivo anti-plasmodial activity. Methods Three nosodes were prepared from P. falciparum (chloroquine [CQ]-sensitive [3D7] and CQ-resistant [RKL-9] strains) as per the Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of India, viz. cell-free parasite nosode, infected RBCs nosode, mixture nosode. In vitro anti-malarial activity was assessed by schizont maturation inhibition assay. The in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. Knight and Peter's method was used to determine in vivo suppressive activity. Mice were inoculated with P. berghei-infected erythrocytes on day 1 and treatment was initiated on the same day. Biochemical, cytokine and histopathological analyses were carried out using standard methods. Results In vitro: the nosodes exhibited considerable activity against P. falciparum with maximum 71.42% (3D7) and 68.57% (RKL-9) inhibition by mixture nosode followed by cell-free parasite nosode (62.85% 3D7 and 60% RKL-9) and infected RBCs nosode (60.61% 3D7 and 57.14% RKL-9). The nosodes were non-toxic to RAW macrophage cell line with >70% cell viability. In vivo: Considerable suppressive efficacy was observed in mixture nosode-treated mice, with 0.005 ± 0.001% parasitemia on day 35. Levels of liver and kidney function biomarkers were within the normal range in the mixture nosode-treated groups. Cytokine analysis revealed increased levels of IL-4 and IL-10, whilst a decline in IL-17 and IFN-γ was evident in the mixture nosode-treated mice. Conclusion The mixture nosode exhibited promising anti-malarial activity against P. falciparum and P. berghei. Biochemical and histopathological studies also highlighted the safety of the nosode for the rodent host. The study provides valuable insight into a novel medicament that has potential for use in the treatment of malaria.

In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Viburnum opulus L. fruits extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 720-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Moldovan ◽  
Luminita David ◽  
Adriana Vulcu ◽  
Liliana Olenic ◽  
Maria Perde-Schrepler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Viburnum Opulus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

scholarly journals Biogenic silver nanoparticles induce apoptosis in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4100-4113
Author(s):  
Hamed A. Abosharaf ◽  
Mohammed Salah ◽  
Thoria Diab ◽  
Motonari Tsubaki ◽  
Tarek M. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Mango Leaves ◽  
Eac Cells

Introduction: Plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is accounted as an ecofriendly process. The present study was conducted to estimate the potency of biogenic AgNPs against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells in vitro and EAC-bearing mice in vivo. Methods: AgNPs were prepared using mango leaves extract and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 1 x 106 EAC cells. Biogenic AgNPs- alone or combined with Doxorubicin (DOX)- was administered intraperitoneally day by day for two weeks. Results: Biologically synthesized AgNPs showed a cytotoxic effect against cultured EAC cells but with less toxicity toward normal cells compared to DOX, which had strong cytotoxicity against both cells. Biogenic AgNPs alone or combined with DOX triggered the cytotoxicity against the EAC-bearing mouse model via decreasing body weight, tumor volume, and the number of viable tumor cells. The combined treatment (AgNPs-DOX) ameliorated the drastic effect induced by injection of EAC cells through improving liver and kidney functions compared to those treated with DOX alone. In addition, the combined treatment showed an elevation in the expression of Bax and caspase-3, and a reduction in the expression of Bcl-2 protein in the EAC cells. Furthermore, this combined treatment effectively arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Moreover, the combined treatment with AgNPs-DOX caused a significant reduction in the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Conclusion: These findings suggest that biogenic AgNPs could be useful in developing a potent combination therapy against different types of cancers.

scholarly journals Assessment The Efficacy of Thymol Against Toxocara Vitulorum In Experimentally Infected Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawky M Aboelhadid ◽  
Sahar Abdel Aleem Abdel-Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract The effect of thymol and ivermectin on the development and embryonation of Toxocara vitulorum (T. vitulorum) eggs, as well as their migration in albino rats was investigated in vitro. A total of forty male albino rats were divided into four groups for an in vivo experiment. The first group was uninfected; the second group was infected but left untreated; the third group received thymol at a dose of 40 mg/kg; and the fourth group received ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg). Thymol inhibited the development of Toxocara larvae within the eggs in vitro. Ivermectin; however, produced inconsistent results. The in vivo results indicated that the recovery rates of Toxocara larvae from the liver and lungs on day 7 post-infection were significantly lower in the thymol- or ivermectin-treated group than in the infected untreated control group. Histopathological examination demonstrated that thymol and ivermectin were effective in reducing larval load, reducing the number and size of granulomas in the absence of larvae, and improving tissue architectures. Albumin levels were significantly increased in the thymol-treated group. Nitric oxide, IL-4, and IFN- γ levels were significantly decreased in the serum of the thymol- or ivermectin-treated group. The current study concluded that thymol possessed anti-Toxocara activity in a rat model. Additionally, thymol possessed ovicidal properties and may be used as a disinfectant.

Green synthesized silver nanoparticles demonstrating enhanced in vitro and in vivo antibiofilm activity against Candida spp.

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramanian Muthamil ◽  
Vivekanandham Amsa Devi ◽  
Boopathi Balasubramaniam ◽  
Krishnaswamy Balamurugan ◽  
Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

Hepato- and Nephroprotective Effects of the Polyphenol Concentrate From Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Varieties Cultivated in Kazakhstan in the Experimental Model Of CCL4-Induced Toxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurgozhin T. ◽  
Sergazy S. H. ◽  
Adilgozhina G. ◽  
Gulyayev A. ◽  
Shulgau Z. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Antioxidant Stress

Objective:This study investigates the hepatoprotective effect and the antioxidant role of polyphenol concentrate in the experimental model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced toxicity. Methods: Antioxidant activity of Cabernet Sauvignon grape polyphenol were evaluated by radical scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS.+). In addition, the effects of polyphenol concentrate on the survival of Wistar rats in the toxicity model, was also investigated. The polyphenol concentrate was administered for 5 five days prior to injection of carbon tetrachloride in a sub-lethal dose of 300 mg/kg of animal body weight in order to perform histological examinations of the liver and kidney, and detect the levels of AST, ALT and bilirubin. Results: Administration of polyphenol concentrate increased animal survival in the experimental model. Moreover, the intragastric administration of polyphenol concentrate prior to the initiation of the experimental model of toxicity, which was caused by a sub-lethal CCl4 dose, reduced morphological injuries in the liver and kidney, decreased the AST and ALT levels of the blood serum. Discussion and conclusion: Our data demonstrate that polyphenol concentrate possesses an antioxidant potential both in vitro and in vivo by reducing antioxidant stress that was caused by CCl4 administration into rats.

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