Do genetic factors predispose people to COVID-19: A review article

: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a threat to human life and society. Scientists and clinicians are struggling with the intrusive SARS-CoV-2 virus to enhance their knowledge about its pathogenesis and find an effective medicine and vaccine to combat its complications. Till now, they have learned that this SARS-CoV-2 has not infected all people exposed to this virus, and also severe respiratory illnesses have not been observed in all infected patients. Patients over 65 or with underlying diseases are more vulnerable to develop severe disease. Based on this premise, a high challengeable question is why some people are more susceptible to this virus and others are not. The present study was aimed to reviewthe current information which explains the broad spectrum of COVID-19 presentation.Herewe discussed that how genetic background, immune system, underlying disease, smokingstatus as well as age, race, and gender affect COVID-19 susceptibility.

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Scalp Pruritus: Review of the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/1268430 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Ploysyne Rattanakaemakorn ◽

Poonkiat Suchonwanit

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Strategy ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Review Article ◽

Skin Changes ◽

Underlying Condition ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

Underlying Diseases ◽

Frequent Problem

Scalp pruritus is a frequent problem encountered in dermatological practice. This disorder is caused by various underlying diseases and is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Scalp pruritus may be localized to the scalp or extended to other body areas. It is sometimes not only associated with skin diseases or specific skin changes, but also associated with lesions secondary to rubbing or scratching. Moreover, scalp pruritus may be difficult to diagnose and manage and may have a great impact on the quality of life of patients. It can be classified as dermatologic, neuropathic, systemic, and psychogenic scalp pruritus based on the potential underlying disease. A thorough evaluation of patients presenting with scalp pruritus is important. Taking history and performing physical examination and further investigations are essential for diagnosis. Therapeutic strategy comprises removal of the aggravating factors and appropriate treatment of the underlying condition. All treatments should be performed considering an individual approach. This review article focuses on the understanding of the pathophysiology and the diagnostic and therapeutic management of scalp pruritus.

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The Citizens of Incubators

Biocitizenship ◽

10.18574/nyu/9781479845194.003.0013 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 255-273

Author(s):

Oron Catts ◽

Ionat Zurr

Keyword(s):

Human Genome Project ◽

Life Support ◽

Human Life ◽

Life Forms ◽

Genome Project ◽

Race And Gender ◽

Race And Class ◽

And Gender ◽

Artificial Life Support ◽

The Human Genome Project

Neolife are technologically created and fragmented life forms that have been manipulated by humans and cannot survive without artificial life support. This essay focuses our attention on one of the main vessels of neolife - the incubator. In recent years, especially as a result of the human genome project and through the field of synthetic biology, there is a shift to obscure the incubator as a surrogate vessel and render it neutral, thereby obscuring how, throughout history, what life is chosen or forced to be put in an incubator reflects on human wants and desires. Neolife can be seen as the entanglement of life with its surrogate apparatus, echoing interests of human-centric control, which affect and effect the larger milieu. By focusing on the incubator as such, we question the very idea of biocitizenship, focused as it is on human life, on intact, whole bodies, and on the distinction between environment and biology. Furthermore, the incubator has, throughout its history, served to reproduce and recuperate the very ideologies of race and gender upon which normative biocitizenship depends, despite the fact that developments in biotechnology and the design of neolife may offer the illusion of a “new citizenship” that breaks free from hegemonic human social constructions of species, gender, race, and class.

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Referral Patterns for Youths Identified at Risk for Suicide by Trained Gatekeepers

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000114 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 113-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Michael S. Rodi ◽

Lucas Godoy Garraza ◽

Christine Walrath ◽

Robert L. Stephens ◽

D. Susanne Condron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Prevention ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Service Access ◽

Referral Patterns ◽

Race And Gender ◽

Lee Smith ◽

Prevention Behavior ◽

Key Variables ◽

And Gender ◽

To Receive

Background: In order to better understand the posttraining suicide prevention behavior of gatekeeper trainees, the present article examines the referral and service receipt patterns among gatekeeper-identified youths. Methods: Data for this study were drawn from 26 Garrett Lee Smith grantees funded between October 2005 and October 2009 who submitted data about the number, characteristics, and service access of identified youths. Results: The demographic characteristics of identified youths are not related to referral type or receipt. Furthermore, referral setting does not seem to be predictive of the type of referral. Demographic as well as other (nonrisk) characteristics of the youths are not key variables in determining identification or service receipt. Limitations: These data are not necessarily representative of all youths identified by gatekeepers represented in the dataset. The prevalence of risk among all members of the communities from which these data are drawn is unknown. Furthermore, these data likely disproportionately represent gatekeepers associated with systems that effectively track gatekeepers and youths. Conclusions: Gatekeepers appear to be identifying youth across settings, and those youths are being referred for services without regard for race and gender or the settings in which they are identified. Furthermore, youths that may be at highest risk may be more likely to receive those services.

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