Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Online for Adult Depression: A 10 Year Systematic Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios Stavropoulos ◽  
Sandra Cokorilo ◽  
Alexa Kambouropoulos ◽  
James Collard ◽  
Rapson Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Middle Adulthood ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Care Models ◽  
The Individual

Background: Acceptance, adherence and efficacy aspects of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) online have invited significant interest, especially in the context of “stepped care” models, which advocate progressive stages of intervention in addressing depression. Objectives: The current work aspires to comprehensively identify critical factors linked to the applicability of online CBT, in order to inform clinical practices and future research targeting depressive behaviors in early and middle adulthood. Methods: To serve these goals: a) the PRISMA systematic literature perspective is followed; b) a systematic search of online databases between 2008-2018 was undertaken and; c) a compositehybrid model, resulting from the integration of broadly adopted conceptualizations from the areas of psychological treatment and internet use behaviors, was combined with an interpretative phenomenological analysis perspective to organize the findings. Results: In total, 28 studies were included in the present review. Factors defining the efficacy, adherence and acceptability of online CBT targeting depression (during early and middle adulthood) were classified into parameters related to the individual receiver, the context and the CBT activities involved. Conclusion: Despite the cautiousness warranted by the limitations, as well as the diverge methodology of the reviewed studies, findings appear to favour the provision of brief, therapist supported, online CBT interventions, especially in addressing moderate depression during early and middle adulthood.

Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility evaluation of the individual vs. group transdiagnostic psychological treatment for emotional disorders in Primary Care (PsicAP-Costs) v2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Aguilera-Martin ◽  
Mario Gálvez-Lara ◽  
Fátima Cuadrado ◽  
Eliana Moreno ◽  
Francisco García-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Utility Evaluation ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this study is to compare, in cost-effectiveness and cost-utility terms, a brief transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioural therapy in two different modes, individual and group, with the treatment usually administered in primary care (TAU). Participants between 18 and 65 years old and with, according to the pretreatment evaluation, mild to moderate emotional disorders will be randomly allocated to the three clusters. They will be assessed again immediately after treatment and 6 and 12 months later. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04847310

Evaluation of Teacher Candidates’ Perceptions about Specific Learning Difficulties through Online Photovoice (OPV) Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Kürşat Öğülmüş ◽  
Murat Hikmet Acikgoz ◽  
Ahmet Tanhan
Keyword(s):  
Learning Style ◽  
Teacher Candidates ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Specific Learning

In this study, the researchers (i) determined the perception levels of candidate teachers about Specific Learning Difficulties (SLD) using Online Photovoice (OPV) methodology, (ii) shared the research results with relevant researchers and practitioners in order to contribute to increase the knowledge level of candidate teachers about SLD, and finally (iii) discussed the results of the research in order to lay the groundwork for more meaningful and useful research and services. OPV technique was used in the data collection phase, and Online Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (OIPA) was used in the data analysis phase. A total of 367 teacher candidates studying in different teaching programs participated in the study; the answers of 42 students were removed from the analysis for various reasons, and the remaining 325 students formed the final sample. The participants were asked about the most important factor/concept that defines SLD in order to measure their perceptions about SLD. Thirteen main themes were created regarding the most important factor/concept that defined SLD; the most important main themes and percentages were as follows: It is a situation in which the individual has difficulties in cognitive (reading, writing and mathematics) skills (51%), a situation that needs support (16%), and a situation that causes differences in learning style (12%). At the end of the study, the researchers made suggestions to the relevant researchers and practitioners in order to increase their knowledge level about SLD. With this research, the researchers used the OPV technique for the first time in the field of SLD, and they brought a new breath to future research.

"The Effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Academic Adjustment among Jordanian Students"

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Kholoud I. AL-MSEIDIN ◽  
Mohammad A. AL-ZU'BI
Keyword(s):  
Academic Adjustment ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Program Intervention ◽  
Experimental Group

"This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as a counselling program intervention for Academic adjustment. In the experimental investigation, data was collected from a total of 68 low-achieving female students from one school in Amman city. The students in the experimental group were observed to complement their regular counselling for academic adjustment with CBT. The researchers used Academic adjustment scale (AAS) at pre- and post-tests. The duration of the study was 16 weeks of two sessions weekly, in which pre- and post-tests were included. ANCOVA was used to explore the findings of the current study. The findings demonstrated that low-achieving female students in the experimental group showed better academic adjustment than female students in the control group. The results have significance for reform the counselling educational policies in the Jordanian Ministry of education based on the importance of CBT-Intervention in educational counselling. Additionally, the study suggested relevant recommendations for future research."

‘Life just kind of sparkles’: clients’ experiences of being in cognitive behavioural group therapy and its impact on reducing shame in obsessive compulsive disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Spragg ◽  
Sharon Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Group Process ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Personal Accounts

AbstractThis study explored the personal accounts of service users relating to their experiences of being in group cognitive behavioural therapy (GCBT) for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Eight participants were purposively selected from two groups whose therapy had finished. These participants were interviewed, the data transcribed verbatim and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Five superordinate themes were generated: ‘Engagement in the group process’, ‘Normalizing’, ‘Courage to fight’, ‘Being my own therapist’ and ‘Restricted vs. engagement with life’. The findings in this study have implications for theory in terms of the relevance of shame-based appraisals in conceptualizations of OCD. Suggestions for future groups include the importance of exploring the development of the problem in the group setting and highlight an important role for the group in terms of increasing motivation and preventing dropout. Directions for future research and implications for theory are explored.

An interpretative phenomenological analysis of prisoners’ experience of riotous behaviour in an adult male prison

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose – Prison violence generates much public interest with concerns for the financial costs, staff safety and public safety. The purpose of this paper is to explore the experience of riotous behaviour from the perspective of prisoners in a maximum secure adult prison. It also seeks gather information and to generate discussion on areas for future research. Design/methodology/approach – A purposive sampling method and in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out. Interpretative phenomenological analysis identified super ordinate themes and related sub-themes within the participants’ narratives. Emergent themes were then considered in relation to the theories and concepts that underpinned and connected them. Findings – Super ordinate themes emerged centred around the subject of social processing and relationships. Prisoners emphasised the role of prisoner-staff relationships in feeling valued as part of the social structure and considered riotous behaviour the best method of communication at that time. Social comparison highlighted the value they placed in being part of the prisoner culture and the nostalgic nature of the riotous behaviour for them. It lends support to earlier theory on prison adjustment and social psychological explanations for rioting. Research limitations/implications – It is not assumed that the findings of this study can be universally applied given the sample size and the idiosyncratic nature of participants’ experiences. This research may provide greater insight into the motivational factors related to individuals involved in riotous behaviour. With such insight prison staff may be more able to consider whether prisoners’ needs are being sufficiently met to help prevent such behaviour in the future. Practical implications – This research may help inform training on the identification and management of potential riots. With insight into the individual motivational factors prison staff may be more able to consider whether prisoners’ needs are being sufficiently met to help prevent such behaviour in the future. Originality/value – This paper reports on the prisoners’ individual experience of being involved in riotous behaviour. Due to the paucity of literature on this behaviour, this exploratory study is intended to add to existing knowledge.

Core CBT Components

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-142
Author(s):  
Erin K. Reid ◽  
Leslie K. Taylor ◽  
Kelly N. Banneyer ◽  
Jose Dominguez ◽  
Gary Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Trauma Narratives ◽  
Care Models ◽  
Efficacy Research ◽  
Common Misconceptions ◽  
First Line Treatment

Chapter 7 presents another core cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) skill: CBT with exposure and response prevention, a first-line treatment for obsessive-compulsive and anxiety-related disorders. After briefly highlighting the efficacy research for children and adolescents, this chapter describes the technique’s theoretical framework, explains it in detail, addresses common misconceptions, and guides practitioners in developing customized fear hierarchies for students. Next, the chapter carefully describes the technique’s trauma applications, including trauma narratives and in vivo exposures. Differences between treatments for anxiety and trauma are noted, as well as complexities that arise from complex trauma. The chapter concludes with a discussion of trauma-focused CBT in schools and stepped-care models and provides a detailed case study.

Therapist Effects in Guided Internet-Delivered CBT for Anxiety Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Almlöv ◽  
Per Carlbring ◽  
Karin Källqvist ◽  
Björn Paxling ◽  
Pim Cuijpers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Therapist Effects ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Background: Guided internet-delivered CBT for anxiety disorders has received increasing empirical support, but little is known regarding the role of the therapist. Aims: This study addressed therapist factors in guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders. Method: Data from three controlled trials with a total N of 119 were analyzed with attention to differences between eight therapists. Results: No significant mean level differences between therapists appeared in the dataset. However, one significant intraclass correlation between participants was found, suggesting that the outcome on the Beck Anxiety Inventory might have been influenced by the impact of the individual therapists. Conclusion: The therapist can possibly have some influence on the outcome of guided internet-delivered CBT for anxiety disorders, but studies with more statistical power are needed to establish whether therapist effects are present in this modality of psychological treatment. The present study was underpowered to detect minor therapist effects.

Psychological Consequences of Spinal Injury: A Review of the Literature

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Craig ◽  
K. M. Hancock ◽  
H. Dickson ◽  
J. Martin ◽  
E. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Psychological Reaction ◽  
The Individual

The traumatic nature of spinal cord injury necessitates adjustments for the individual physically, socially, vocationally and sexually, as well as placing great strain on the family. Although one would suspect a high prevalence of psychological disruption following spinal cord injury, there is still much debate concerning the extent of the psychological reaction to such a trauma. This situation can partly be attributed to the lack of systematic research characteristic of most studies in this area. This paper reviews more recent literature which has investigated psychological morbidity in persons with spinal cord injury. The inadequacies of this research are discussed and suggestions for future research and psychological treatment for the spinal injured are provided.

scholarly journals An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Discontinued Use of the E-Cigarette

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Camille Alexis-Garsee ◽  
Stephanie Meehan ◽  
Olga van den Akker
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking Services ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Effort

Introduction: Many UK smokers use e-cigarettes as a quitting aid; however, a substantial number discontinue use of the e-cigarette and revert to smoking. Understanding why this may happen is important both for individuals and for stop smoking services.Aims: To explore young adult smokers’ experiences of use and discontinued use of the e-cigarette.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants who tried e-cigarettes for at least seven days and returned to smoking. Data was transcribed and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.Results: Findings suggested participants held conflicting attitudes about using e-cigarettes, which undermined attempts to quit smoking, and led to the discontinuation of the e-cigarette. These conflicts centred on participants’ discomfort with the e-cigarette or vaping identity, lack of abstinence self-efficacy and navigation of barriers to e-cigarette use. The complex interplay of these factors may have led to an underestimation of the individual effort required to continue vaping and reinforced participants’ perception of the e-cigarette as an inferior product to the cigarette.Conclusions: Future research should focus on the role of identity, self-efficacy, control and smokers’ expectations of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation as these may be important factors to consider for a more tailored service for e-cigarette users.

Measuring therapist cognitions contributing to therapist drift: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Rameswari ◽  
Brett Hayes ◽  
Ramesh Perera-Delcourt
Keyword(s):  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
List Type ◽  
Therapist Experience ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Therapist beliefs have been identified as a contributing factor to ‘therapist drift’ in cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Scales have been developed to measure therapist beliefs, but none explicitly measure ‘therapy-interfering cognitions’, and there is no research on their usage. The aim of this study was to explore how best to conceptualise such a scale’s content and usage, based on clinicians’ perceptions and experiences of current scales. Three focus groups were conducted, involving 12 participants who were either qualified or trainee CBT therapists. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Four main themes were generated: (1) The Awareness and Importance of Cognitions, (2) Factors Fuelling Therapist Cognitions, (3) Addressing Therapist Cognitions, and (4) Using the Scale. Participants thought it important to be aware of and address therapist cognitions (not underlying beliefs). Participants emphasised that therapist cognitions are not just products of the individual, but are influenced by external factors. A scale could enable therapists to do better work through reflective practice, as long as it was used not just to identify cognitions but also to support changes in therapist behaviour. A scale could also meet a perceived need for making this part of routine practice. However, participants discussed how therapists might have reservations about disclosing cognitions in this way. Recommendations for current practice, and future research developing such a scale, are made. Key learning aims (1) To describe the phenomenon of therapist drift, and the contributions of therapist beliefs to this. (2) To explore the usage of current scales for measuring therapist beliefs. (3) To understand, based on therapist experience, how to address therapist beliefs in current practice using scales.

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