Simultaneous Determination of Penicillin G and Chloramphenicol in Milk by a Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescent Immunoassay

Background: Antibiotic residues are a problem of increasing importance and have direct consequences for human and animal health. The frequent use of antibiotics in veterinary practice causes their excretion in milk in dairy cattle. This way, they can easily enter the human body through the consumption of milk and dairy products. Objectives: This induces the need for accurate and sensitive methods to monitor antibiotic levels in milk. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive magnetic nanoparticle-based fluorescence immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of chloramphenicol and penicillin G in milk. Methods: Magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. Chloramphenicol-Ovalbumin and Chloramphenicol-Ovalbumin-Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate conjugates were prepared. Penicillin G – ATTO 633 fluorescent conjugate was synthesized. Antibodies against chloramphenicol and penicillin G were immobilized onto the magnetic nanoparticles. The competitive fluorescent immunoassay was developed. The optimal concentration of the antibody-magnetic nanoparticles and the fluorescent conjugates for the assay was determined. The calibration curves for the antibiotics in buffer and milk were plotted. Fluorescent immunoassay for the simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and penicillin G in milk was developed. Results: The limit of detection by the simultaneous immunoassay of chloramphenicol and penicillin G in milk was 0.85 ng/mL and 1.6 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery of different concentrations of chloramphenicol and penicillin G in milk samples varied from 98% to 106%. Conclusions: A rapid and sensitive magnetic nanoparticle-based immunofluorescent assay for the simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and penicillin G in milk was developed. The magnetic nanoparticles ensured rapid and easy procedure.

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Simultaneous Multiresidue Analysis of (β-Lactam Antibiotics in Bovine Milk by Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection and Confirmation by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/77.5.1122 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 77 (5) ◽

pp. 1122-1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Krystyna L Tyczkowska ◽

Robert D Voyksner ◽

Rolf F Straub ◽

Arthur L Aronson

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Electrospray Mass Spectrometry ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Water Solution ◽

Bovine Milk ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Array Detector

Abstract A multiresidue analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, cephapirin, procaine penicillin G, ampicil-lin, cloxacillin, and ceftiofur in bovine milk. The method involved ultrafiltration of milk diluted with an equal volume of 50% acetonitrile through a 10 000 dalton molecular mass cutoff filter. Separation of these β-lactam antibiotics from other milk components was performed by ion-paired (octane- and dodecanesulfonate) liquid chromatography using a phenyl column eluted with acetonitrile-water solution. Ultraviolet ab-sorbance of the column effluent was monitored in the 200-350 nm range of a photodiode-array detector. For quantitation, the chromatograms were acquired at λ210 nm for penicillin G, am-picillin, and cloxacillin; λ230 nm for amoxicillin; and λ290 for cephapirin, procaine, and ceftiofur. The limit of detection for the simultaneous determination of these antibiotics was estimated to be 100 ppb. Liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry could be used to confirm these antibiotics for quantities down to 100 pg entering the mass spectrometer.

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Validation of a Rapid Lateral Flow Test for the Simultaneous Determination of β-Lactam Drugs and Flunixin in Raw Milk

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-570 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 75 (7) ◽

pp. 1270-1277 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

DAVID DOUGLAS ◽

KATIE BANASZEWSKI ◽

RIMA JUSKELIS ◽

FADWA AL-TAHER ◽

YANG CHEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Lateral Flow ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Flow Test ◽

Lateral Flow Test

β-Lactam antibiotics are the most commonly used drugs on dairy farms. β-Lactam residues in milk are kept out of the human milk supply with good agricultural practices and mandatory truck screening performed by the dairy industry under Appendix N of the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance. Flunixin, a nonsteroidal and anti-inflammatory drug, appears in dairy cattle tissue residues with a frequency similar to the occurrence of penicillin G. This creates concern that flunixin residues could be in milk and would go undetected under current milk screening programs. A single test that combines mandatory β-lactam screening with voluntary flunixin screening is an economical approach for monitoring and controlling for potential flunixin or 5-hydroxyflunixin, the primary flunixin metabolite marker in milk. The objective of this study was to validate a β-lactam and flunixin rapid lateral flow test (LFT) and compare the results obtained with a liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of flunixin and 5-hydroxyflunixin in raw milk with a limit of detection of <1 ppb, equivalent to 1 ng/ml. Using the LFT, three combined manufactured lots of test strips detected penicillin G at 2.0 ppb, ampicillin at 6.8 ppb, amoxicillin at 5.9 ppb, cephapirin at 13.4 ppb, ceftiofur (total metabolites) at 63 ppb, and 5-hydroxyflunixin at 1.9 ppb at least 90% of the time with 95% confidence. The LFT also detected incurred flunixin milk samples that were analyzed with the LC-MS/MS and diluted to tolerance in raw milk. The detection levels for the LFT are lower than the U.S. safe levels or tolerances and qualify the test to be used in compliance with U.S. milk screening programs.

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MnO2@Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite-Based Electrochemical Sensor for the Simultaneous Determination of Trace Cd(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II) in Water Samples

Membranes ◽

10.3390/membranes11070517 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 517

Author(s):

Siyamthanda Hope Mnyipika ◽

Tshimangadzo Saddam Munonde ◽

Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Electrochemical Sensor ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Rapid Detection ◽

Electrochemical Sensors ◽

Simultaneous Detection ◽

Cyclic Voltammograms ◽

Current Response ◽

Mno2 Nanoparticles

The rapid detection of trace metals is one of the most important aspect in achieving environmental monitoring and protection. Electrochemical sensors remain a key solution for rapid detection of heavy metals in environmental water matrices. This paper reports the fabrication of an electrochemical sensor obtained by the simultaneous electrodeposition of MnO2 nanoparticles and RGO nanosheets on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. The successful electrodeposition was confirmed by the enhanced current response on the cyclic voltammograms. The XRD, HR-SEM/EDX, TEM, FTIR, and BET characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of MnO2 nanoparticles, RGO nanosheets, and MnO2@RGO nanocomposite. The electrochemical studies results revealed that MnO2@RGO@GCE nanocomposite considerably improved the current response on the detection of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions in surface water. These remarkable improvements were due to the interaction between MnO2 nanomaterials and RGO nanosheets. Moreover, the modified sensor electrode portrayed high sensitivity, reproducibility, and stability on the simultaneous determination of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) ions. The detection limits of (S/N = 3) ranged from 0.002–0.015 μg L−1 for the simultaneous detection of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) ions. The results show that MnO2@RGO nanocomposite can be successfully used for the early detection of heavy metals with higher sensitivity in water sample analysis.

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Development of a multicolor upconversion fluorescence immunoassay for the simultaneous detection of thiamethoxam and dextran by magnetic separation

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ra07954e ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 517-524

Author(s):

Chuanyong Li ◽

Wanlin Sun ◽

Lianrun Huang ◽

Nana Sun ◽

Xiude Hua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Magnetic Separation ◽

Simultaneous Detection ◽

Fluorescence Immunoassay ◽

Upconversion Fluorescence

The anti-thiamethoxam and anti-dextran monoclonal antibodies were prepared to develop a multicolor upconversion fluorescence immunoassay for the simultaneous determination of thiamethoxam (544 nm) and dextran (477 nm).

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Simultaneous Determination of Four Herbicide and Pesticide Residues in Chinese Green Tea Using QuEChERS Purification Procedure and UPLC-MS/MS Analysis

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.1586 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 634-638 ◽

pp. 1586-1590

Author(s):

Su Fang Wang ◽

Shou Jie Zhang ◽

Chun Hong Dong ◽

Guo Qing Wang ◽

Jun Feng Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Formic Acid ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Green Tea ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽

Graphitized Carbon Black ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Limit Of Quantitation

A method for simultaneous determination of residuals of four herbicides and pesticides, simazine, carboxin, diflubenzuron and rotenone, in Chinese green tea was developed. In the proposed method, the tea powder was placed in a centrifuge tube with a plug, extracted in saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution and acetonitrile, agitated using vortex oscillator, and then centrifuged 5 min at 4000 rpm. The supernatant solution was purified by primary secondary amine (PSA) sorbent, C18 power, and graphitized carbon black powder, respectively. Then the purified extracts were dissolved with acetonitrile:0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (40:60, V/V) and agitated, filtered using a syringe with 0.22 μm nylon filter prior to UPLC-MS/MS analysis. The UPLC analysis was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC® HSS T3 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 µm), using acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid as mobile phase with the flow rate as 0.3 mL•min-1. Injection volume was 10 µL. Positive ionization mode was applied, and the ions were monitored in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with curtain gas 0.069 MPa, collision gas 0.052 MPa, ESI ion spray voltage 5000 V, temperature 550 °C, nebulizer gas 0.24 MPa, and turbo gas 0.28 MPa. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the proposed method are 1 μg•kg-1and 5 μg•kg-1, respectively. The average recoveries of the four pesticides at 10, 20, and 50 µg•kg-1spiking levels range from 77.4% to 95.3%. TheSupersSuperscript textcript textrelative standard deviation (RSD) (n=6) range form 11.83% to 4.52%.

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Magnetic-nanoparticles-based fluorescent immunoassay for individual and simultaneous determination of dichlorvos and paraoxon in milk

Food and Agricultural Immunology ◽

10.1080/09540105.2017.1368458 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 228-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marina Yaneva ◽

Yavor Ivanov ◽

Nikola Todorov ◽

Tzonka Godjevargova

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽

Simultaneous Determination

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Application of a Modified Carbon Paste Electrode Using Core–Shell Magnetic Nanoparticle and Modifier for Simultaneous Determination of Norepinephrine, Acetaminophen and Tryptophan

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry ◽

10.1134/s1023193521010079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 74-84

Author(s):

Sayed Zia Mohammadi ◽

Hadi Beitollahi ◽

Maryam Askari ◽

Rahman Hosseinzadeh

Keyword(s):

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Carbon Paste Electrode ◽

Magnetic Nanoparticle ◽

Modified Carbon Paste Electrode ◽

Core Shell ◽

Carbon Paste ◽

Paste Electrode

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Simultaneous Determination of Alachlor, Metolachlor, Atrazine, and Simazine in Water and Soil by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/72.2.349 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 349-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lee Q Huang

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Isotope Dilution ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Selected Ion Monitoring ◽

Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Abstract A multiresidue method was developed for the simultaneous determination of low parts per billion (ppb) concentrations of the herbicides alachlor, metolachlor, atrazine, and simazine in water and soil using isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Known amounts of 15N,13C-alachlor and 2H5-atrazine were added to each sample as internal standards. The samples were then prepared by a solid phase extraction with no further cleanup. A high resolution GC/low resolution MS system with data acquisition in selected ion monitoring mode was used to quantitate herbicides in the extract. The limit of detection was 0.05 ppb for water and 0.5 ppb for soil. Accuracy greater than 80% and precision better than 4% was demonstrated with spiked samples.

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Analytical Scheme for Simultaneous Determination of Phthalates and Bisphenol A in Honey Samples Based on Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Followed by GC-IT/MS. Effect of the Thermal Stress on PAE/BP-A Levels

Methods and Protocols ◽

10.3390/mps3010023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ivan Notardonato ◽

Sergio Passarella ◽

Giuseppe Ianiri ◽

Cristina Di Fiore ◽

Mario Vincenzo Russo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bisphenol A ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Thermal Stresses ◽

Ion Trap ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Limit Of Quantification ◽

Analytical Scheme ◽

Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽

Liquid Microextraction

In this paper, an analytical protocol was developed for the simultaneous determination of phthalates (di-methyl phthalate DMP, di-ethyl phthalate DEP, di-isobutyl phthalate DiBP, di-n-butyl phthalate DBP, bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate DEHP, di-n-octyl phthalate DNOP) and bisphenol A (BPA). The extraction technique used was the ultrasound vortex assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (UVA-DLLME). The method involves analyte extraction using 75 µL of benzene and subsequent analysis by gas chromatography combined with ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS). The method is sensitive, reliable, and reproducible with a limit of detection (LOD) below 13 ng g−1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) below 22 ng g−1 and the intra- and inter-day errors below 7.2 and 9.3, respectively. The method developed and validated was applied to six honey samples (i.e., four single-use commercial ones and two home-made ones. Some phthalates were found in the samples at concentrations below the specific migration limits (SMLs). Furthermore, the commercial samples were subjected to two different thermal stresses (24 h and 48 h at 40 °C) for evidence of the release of plastic from the containers. An increase in the phthalate concentrations was observed, especially during the first phase of the shock, but the levels were still within the limits of the regulations.

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