scholarly journals Postural Control of Healthy Elderly Individuals Compared to Elderly Individuals with Stroke Sequelae

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Marcon Alfieri ◽  
Marcelo Riberto ◽  
José Augusto Fernandes Lopes ◽  
Thais Raquel Filippo ◽  
Marta Imamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Elderly Control

A stroke and aging process can modify the postural control. We aimed to compare the postural control of health elderly individuals to that of individuals with stroke sequelae. This cross-sectional transversal study was made with individuals capable of walking without any assistance and that were considered clinically stable. The study had 18 individuals in the group with stroke sequelae (SG) and 34 in the healthy elderly control group (CG). The participants were evaluated for the timed up and go test (TUG) and force platform. The SG showed the worst results in relation to the time of execution of the TUG and the force platform evaluation. The displacement of center of pressure was worse for both groups in the eyes-closed situation, especially in the anteroposterior direction for the CG. The GS showed worse results in the static and dynamic postural control. The healthy elderly showed more dependence on sight to maintain their static balance and there was no difference in the balance tests in relation to the side affected by the stroke.

scholarly journals Discrimination of standing postures between young and elderly people based on center of pressure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimiya Fujio ◽  
Yahiko Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Foam Rubber ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Healthy Elderly

AbstractPosturography is utilized to assess the influence of aging on postural control. Although this measurement is advantageous for finding group-level differences between the young and the elderly, it is unclear whether it has the potential to differentiate elderly individuals who are affected by various impacts of aging. The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of posturography to discriminate elderly individuals from young adults. We investigated the performances of the random forest classifiers constructed from center of pressure (COP) indices for discriminating standing postures between healthy elderly and young people. Postural sways in 19 young and 31 community-dwelling elderly participants were measured using force plates in 4 standing conditions: bipedal standing, standing on a narrow base, standing on foam rubber, and standing with eyes closed. We further verified the informative predictors that contributed to the prediction model. As the results, the classifier based on the COP indices for standing on foam rubber showed the best performance (accuracy: 93.4%, sensitivity: 94.4%, specificity: 93.6%, area under the curve of receiving operator characteristics: 0.95), followed by the classifier for standing with eyes closed. The informative predictors varied depending on the postural conditions. Our findings demonstrated the potential of posturography for identifying elderly postures. The evaluation of sensory re-weighting using the appropriate COP indices would be a useful clinical tool for detecting the progress of aging on postural control.

scholarly journals Maximal stability limits in adolescents with Tourette syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 013-022
Author(s):  
Blanchet Mariève ◽  
Prince François ◽  
Lemay Martin ◽  
Chouinard Sylvain ◽  
Messier Julie
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Stability Limits

We explored if adolescents with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) had functional postural control impairments and how these deficits are linked to a disturbance in the processing and integration of sensory information. We evaluated the displacements of the center of pressure (COP) during maximal leaning in four directions (forward, backward, rightward, leftward) and under three sensory conditions (eyes open, eyes closed, eyes closed standing on foam). GTS adolescents showed deficits in postural stability and in lateral postural adjustments but they had similar maximal COP excursion than the control group. The postural performance of the GTS group was poorer in the eyes open condition (time to phase 1 onset, max-mean COP). Moreover, they displayed a poorer ability to maintain the maximum leaning position under the eyes open condition during mediolateral leaning tasks. By contrast, during forward leaning, they showed larger min-max ranges than control subjects while standing on the foam with the eyes closed. Together, these findings support the idea that GTS produces subclinical postural control deficits. Importantly, our results suggest that postural control disorders in GTS are highly sensitive to voluntary postural leaning tasks which have high demand for multimodal sensory integration.

scholarly journals Balance Markers in Adolescents at 1 Month Postconcussion

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 232596711769550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coralie Rochefort ◽  
Coren Walters-Stewart ◽  
Mary Aglipay ◽  
Nick Barrowman ◽  
Roger Zemek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Dual Task Condition ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Balance Deficits

Background: The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) shows that balance tends to recover within days after a concussion, whereas measures of the movement of the center of pressure (COP) show that balance deficits can persist up to 1 month after concussion. While approximately 30% of adolescents suffering concussion have functional consequences including balance deficits, evidence of the use of different balance assessments for concussion is limited within this population. Purpose: To compare performance on a series of balance assessments between adolescents with a diagnosed concussion at 1 month postinjury and noninjured control participants within the same age distribution. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Thirty-three adolescents 1 month postconcussion and 33 control participants completed the BESS followed by two, 2-minute trials standing on a Nintendo Wii Balance Board (WBB), during which the COP under their feet was recorded using 2 testing protocols: (1) double-leg stance, eyes open (EO) and (2) double-leg stance, eyes closed (EC). Participants then completed a dual-task condition (DT) with eyes open combining a double-leg stance and a Stroop color and word test while standing on the WBB. Three commonly used COP variables, anterior-posterior (A/P) and mediolateral (M/L) velocity and 95% ellipse, were computed for each condition performed on the WBB. Results: Participants postconcussion swayed over a significantly larger ellipse area compared with the control group in the EO ( P = .008), EC ( P = .002), and DT ( P = .003) conditions and also performed the DT condition with faster COP velocity in the M/L direction ( P = .007). No significant group difference was identified for BESS total score. Conclusion: At 1 month postconcussion, participants continued to demonstrate balance deficits in COP control despite scoring similar to controls on the BESS. Simple COP measures of balance may identify subtle impairments not captured by the BESS.

The Effect of Footrest on Standing Postural Control

Motor Control ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Ganesan ◽  
Yun-Ju Lee ◽  
Alexander S. Aruin
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Mean Square Distance

The use of a footrest while performing activity in standing is frequently associated with improvement of a user’s well-being however no information exists on the role of a footrest in improving postural stability. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of using a footrest in postural control. Twenty healthy young volunteers were tested using three experimental conditions: standing with two feet on the force platform and standing on the force platform when one foot was placed on a 15 cm footrest positioned in front or laterally. The mean and root mean square distance, range and velocity of the center of pressure (COP) were calculated in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) directions using the force platform data. The COP displacements in AP and ML directions increased in conditions of standing with one foot placed on the footrest regardless of its location. Standing with eyes closed increased COP displacements further. The outcome of the study suggests the importance of using COP measures for evaluation of postural stability and provides additional information needed for optimization of working conditions involving standing with a footrest.

scholarly journals Virtual Reality Gait Training to Promote Balance and Gait Among Older People: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Geriatrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kyeongjin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
Balance Ability ◽  
Standing Test ◽  
The One

Falls are the leading cause of injury and injury-related death in the elderly. This study evaluated the effect of virtual reality gait training (VRGT) with non-motorized treadmill on balance and gait ability of elderly individuals who had experienced a fall. Fifty-six elderly individuals living in local communities participated in this study. Subjects who met the selection criteria were randomly divided into a VRGT group (n = 28) and a control group (n = 28). The VRGT group received VRGT with non-motorized treadmill for 50 min a day for 4 weeks and 5 days a week. The control group received non-motorized treadmill gait training without virtual reality for the same amount of time as the VRGT group. Before and after the training, the one-leg-standing test, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach test, and Timed Up and Go test were used to assess balance ability, and the gait analyzer system was used to evaluate the improvement in gait spatiotemporal parameters. In the VRGT group, the balance ability variable showed a significant decrease in the one-leg-standing test and a significant improvement in the Timed Up and Go test. With respect to spatiotemporal gait parameters, velocity and step width decreased significantly in the VRGT group (p < 0.05), and stride length and step length were significantly improved in the VRGT group (p < 0.05). VRGT with non-motorized treadmill has been shown to improve balance and gait ability in the elderly. This study is expected to provide basic data on exercise programs for the elderly to prevent falls.

scholarly journals The Effects of Abdominal Hypopressive Training on Postural Control and Deep Trunk Muscle Activation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2741
Author(s):  
María del Mar Moreno-Muñoz ◽  
Fidel Hita-Contreras ◽  
María Dolores Estudillo-Martínez ◽  
Agustín Aibar-Almazán ◽  
Yolanda Castellote-Caballero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Posture Control ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Imaging Results

Background: Abdominal Hypopressive Training (AHT) provides postural improvement, and enhances deep trunk muscle activation. However, until recently, there was a lack of scientific literature supporting these statements. The major purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of AHT on posture control and deep trunk muscle function. Methods: 125 female participants aged 18–60 were randomly allocated to the Experimental Group (EG), consisting of two sessions of 30 min per week for 8 weeks of AHT, or the Control Group (CG), who did not receive any treatment. Postural control was measured with a stabilometric platform to assess the static balance and the activation of deep trunk muscles (specifically the Transverse Abdominal muscle (TrA)), which was measured by real-time ultrasound imaging. Results: The groups were homogeneous at baseline. Statistical differences were identified between both groups after intervention in the Surface of the Center of Pressure (CoP) Open-Eyes (S-OE) (p = 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.60) and the Velocity of CoP under both conditions; Open-Eyes (V-OE) (p = 0.001, Cohen´s d = 0.63) and Close-Eyes (V-CE) (p = 0.016, Cohen´s d = 0.016), with the EG achieving substantial improvements. Likewise, there were statistically significant differences between measurements over time for the EG on S-OE (p < 0.001, Cohen´s d = 0.99); V-OE (p = 0.038, Cohen´s d = 0.27); V-CE (p = 0.006, Cohen´s d = 0.39), anteroposterior movements of CoP with Open-Eyes (RMSY-OE) (p = 0.038, Cohen´s d = 0.60) and activity of TrA under contraction conditions (p < 0.001, Cohen´s d = 0.53). Conclusions: The application of eight weeks of AHT leads to positive outcomes in posture control, as well as an improvement in the deep trunk muscle contraction in the female population.

Surface height effects on postural control: A hypothesis for a stiffness strategy for stance*

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Carpenter ◽  
James S. Frank ◽  
Cathy P. Silcher
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Vestibular Input ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Mean Power Frequency ◽  
Balance Confidence ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Ankle Stiffness

One possible factor influencing the control of upright stance is the perceived threat to one's personal safety, i.e. balance confidence. We explored this factor by examining the control of stationary stance when standing on an elevated platform under various conditions of reduced visual and vestibular inputs. Twenty-eight adults (14 male and 14 female, mean age = 23.5 years) participated in the experiment. Postural control was examined by recording the amplitude variability (RMS) and mean power frequency (MPF) of center of pressure excursions (COP) over a 2-minute interval while participants stood in a normal stance on a low (0.19 m) and a high (0.81 m) platform with toes positioned either at or away from the edge of the platform. Vision was manipulated through eyes open and eyes closed trials. Vestibular input was reduced by tilting the head into extension [1]. Anterior-posterior RMS and MPF of COP were significantly influenced by an interaction between surface height and vision. When vision was available, a significant decrease in RMS was observed during quiet standing on a high surface compared to a low surface independent of step restriction. When vision was available MPF increased when subjects were raised from a low to a high surface. The mean position of the COP was significantly influenced by an interaction between height and step restriction. Differences in RMS and MPF responses to height manipulation were observed between genders in eyes closed conditions. Vestibular input influenced postural control at both low and high levels with significant increases in RMS when vestibular input was reduced. The reciprocal changes observed in RMS and MPF suggest modifications to postural control through changes in ankle stiffness. Vision appears to play a role in increasing ankle stiffness when balance confidence is compromised.

scholarly journals Impaired abstract thinking may discriminate between normal aging and vascular mild cognitive impairment

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Kenji Sudo ◽  
Gilberto Sousa Alves ◽  
Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira Alves ◽  
Maria Elisa Lanna ◽  
Letice Ericeira-Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abstract Thinking ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Healthy Elderly

OBJECTIVE: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is associated with cognitive deficits. This cross-sectional study examines differences among healthy elderly controls and patients with vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) and vascular dementia (VaD) in performances on CAMCOG subscales. METHOD: Elderly individuals (n=61) were divided into 3 groups, according to cognitive and neuroimaging status: 16 controls, 20 VaMCI and 25 VaD. VaMCI and VaD individuals scored over 4 points on the Hachinski Ischemic Scale. RESULTS: Significant differences in total CAMCOG scores were observed across the three groups (p<0.001). VaD subjects performed worse than those with VaMCI in most CAMCOG subscales (p<0.001). All subscales showed differences between controls and VaD (p<0.001). Performance on abstract thinking showed difference between VaMCI and controls (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: CAMCOG discriminated controls from VaMCI and VaD. Assessment of abstract thinking may be useful as a screening item for diagnosis of VaMCI.

scholarly journals Is Postural Control Different in Boys and Girls? Comparison Between Sex

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391
Author(s):  
Jessica Caroliny de Jesus Neves ◽  
Aryane Karoline Vital Souza ◽  
Dirce Shizuko Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lateral Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pressure Area

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare the postural control between eight-year-old boys and girls, considering the nutritional classification and level of physical activity. This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 346 participants, classified by the WHO AnthroPlus software, evaluated on the force platform and the Questionnaire Physical Activity for Children. The results demonstrated that girls showed lower values in relation to the opposite sex (p<0.001), in the center of pressure area (COP) (girls: 11.88 vs boys: 15.86cm2), Antero-posterior Amplitude (girl: 5.40 vs boy: 6.05cm), Medial-lateral Amplitude (girl: 3.97 vs boy: 4.40cm), Antero-posterior velocity (girl: 3.98 vs boy: 4.94cm/s), Medial-lateral velocity (girl: 3.98 vs boy: 4.59cm/s), Antero-posterior frequency (girl: 0.70 vs boy: 0.84Hz). Physical activity was associated with male sex (p=0.001; X2=11.195; odds ratio=0.372). In relation to the center of pressure of sedentary children, girls showed better postural control (p<0.001), but when we analyzed the center of pressure of both sexes who were active there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.112). The Z score of both sexes presented no difference in the center of pressure area (p=0.809 and p=0.785 respectively). Girls showed better postural control, while boys are more active; when both sexes performed physical activity COP area was similar. Therefore, special care should be taken when assessing postural control in boys and girls due to their differences in test performance and stage of development. As for interventions, exercise should be considered for better performance of the COP.

scholarly journals Sauna Yoga Superiorly Improves Flexibility, Strength, and Balance: A Two-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bucht ◽  
Donath
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimization Method ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Besides strength and balance, flexibility is an important indicator of health-related physical fitness. Thus, the aim of this two-armed randomized controlled pilot trial was to investigate whether sauna yoga at a moderate temperature (50 °C) beneficially affects flexibility, strength, balance, and quality of life (QOL) in healthy elderly community dwellers. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (INT, n = 11, age: 68.7 ± 5.9) or control group (CON, n = 12, age: 69.3 ± 4.9), using the minimization method. Age, physical activity, gender, and the primary outcome flexibility were used as strata for group allocation. Both groups completed similar exercises in the sauna over eight weeks. Only the INT group was exposed to moderate temperatures of 50 °C. Large and statistically significant improvement in favor of the sauna group (INT) was observed for the chair sit-and-reach test (INT: +83%, CON +3%, p = 0.028, nр² = 0.24). The shoulder and lateral spine flexibility were not relevantly affected. Strength in the lower extremities merely showed a tendency to significant changes (INT: 16%, CON: 3%, p = 0.061, nр² = 0.181). Additionally, balance abilities, with eyes closed, improved (INT: 187%, CON +58%, p = 0.056, nр² = 0.189) in favor of the INT group. QOL only improved in favor of the INT for environmental dimension (INT: +7%, CON: 0%, p = 0.034, nр² = 0.227). These first but preliminary findings indicate that sauna yoga may serve as a promising and feasible means to improve flexibility in elderly people. Strength and balance do not meaningfully benefit from a sauna environment, although strength improved to a slightly higher extent in the sauna group. Future large-scale research is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and corroborate these findings

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