scholarly journals The Impact of Closed-mindedness on the Assessment of Threat: An Empirical Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Colin A Wastell ◽  
Nicole Weeks ◽  
Alexander Wearing ◽  
Piers Duncan ◽  
Wajma Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Intelligence Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Closure ◽  
General Attitude ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Need For Cognitive Closure ◽  
Analysis Task ◽  
Threat Level ◽  
The Impact

In the past decade official reports into intelligence failures have asserted that analysts are subject to the effects of everyday cognitive limitations. The present study examined the influence of an individual's inclination toward closedmindedness on a computer administered simulated intelligence analysis task. Results indicate that several components of closed-mindedness as measured by the need for cognitive closure scale [NFC] significantly predicted the assessed level of threat posed to and general attitude toward a visiting government delegation by a foreign nation's population. Most significantly higher scores on the NFC subscale ‘need for predictability’ were associated with higher scores on the initial assessed threat level. This effect remained after controlling for the amount of information accessed. The implications of these findings for the conduct of intelligence analysis are discussed.

Time Pressure Effects on Impulse Buying in Sales Situation: Need for Cognitive Closure of Intermediary Role

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 4065-4068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Hu ◽  
Xiang Bin Qin
Keyword(s):  
Time Pressure ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Impulse Buying ◽  
Cognitive Closure ◽  
Need For Cognitive Closure ◽  
Intermediary Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Buying In

The impulse buying is a special kind of irrational behavior; the impact factor has been research hotspot of scholars and the focus of companies. Based on the analysis of the phenomenon of impulse buying and the literature of impulse buying, we realize time pressure is the important influencing factor on impulse buying. In this paper, we study time pressure effects on impulse buying behavior, and the need for cognitive closure of intermediary role and regulation of demographic variables in promotion situation, on the basis of that we constructed the model of under time pressure effects on impulse buying in promotion situation. We expect this paper can promote the related theory research of impulse buying, and provide theory basis for merchants take reasonable promotion methods.

scholarly journals EMPIRICAL STUDY ON ALTERNATIVES FOR SAVING AND INVESTING IN THE POSTPANDEMIC PERIOD. CASE STUDY: ROMANIA

2021 ◽  
Vol S.I. (2) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Alexandru Mihai Alexandru Mihai ◽  
◽  
Ruxandra DINULESCU ◽  
Florin PUCHEANU ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trading Market ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Double Approach ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
The Impact

This paper develops investigations in the field of saving and investing techniques related to the impact of the COVID19 pandemic on the Romanian trading market. The study focuses particularly on the alternatives for accumulation of money capital which can lead to a positive long-term return. The research aims to investigate the available current services and opportunities in the Romanian investment market and their returns after the pandemic. Towards this objective, the study presents the past returns for several products and the users potential risks. Furthermore, an investigation is conducted based on the latest statistics whereas different variants of portfolios are presented. Unlike most of the previous studies, this analysis has a double approach: evaluating viable alternatives depending on several characteristics and simultaneously developing a long-term potential strategy that could be used to ensure the financial future of an individual in the period of the outbreak of the COVID19 pandemic. This contribution provides an initial analysis of the saving and investing market of Romania before and after the pandemic.

scholarly journals The impact of background category information on the creation of social cliques: The role of need for cognitive closure and decisiveness

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Bukowski ◽  
Grzegorz Sędek ◽  
Małgorzata Kossowska ◽  
Mariusz Trejtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Model ◽  
Need For Closure ◽  
Model Structure ◽  
Cognitive Closure ◽  
Category Information ◽  
Need For Cognitive Closure ◽  
Social Cliques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Task Structures

The impact of background category information on the creation of social cliques: The role of need for cognitive closure and decisiveness This article focuses on the role of need for cognitive closure in the process of mental model creation about social relations (i.e. social cliques). We assumed that high (vs. low) need for closure participants tend to rely on background category information when forming social cliques. We predicted that this tendency to employ categorical information as a mental aid, used in order to form social cliques, would be efficient in simple task structures (where category information overlaps with the mental model structure) but would lead to increased error rates in complex task structures (where category information is inconsistent with the model structure). The results confirmed our predictions, showing especially strong effects for the decisiveness component of need for closure. The importance of individual differences in need for closure and decisiveness in social reasoning is discussed.

scholarly journals Two routes to closure: Time pressure and goal activation effects on executive control

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kossowska ◽  
Marcin Bukowski ◽  
Gabriela Czarnek
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Closure ◽  
Need For Cognitive Closure ◽  
Closure Time ◽  
Goal Activation ◽  
Attentional Tasks ◽  
External Time ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In the present study the impact of need for cognitive closure (NFC) manipulations via time pressure and explicit closure goal activation on executive control was investigated. Although there is some evidence that NFC, measured as an individual variable, is related to better performing in attentional tasks involving executive control, these results have never been validated across different manipulations of NFC. Thus, in the present study we induced NFC via internal and external time pressure and tested the impact of these manipulations on the performance in tasks that measure executive control, i.e., the Stroop and switching tasks. The results revealed that induced high (vs. low) NFC, indeed boosted performance in executive control tasks. Moreover, there was no difference in the effect of both NFC manipulations on task performance. The implications regarding the role of executive control and specific NFC manipulations in social cognition are discussed.

Fluorescent potentiometric dyes for membrane-potential imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Loew
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excitable Systems ◽  
Major Application ◽  
The Impact

A major application of potentiometric dyes has been the multisite optical recording of electrical activity in excitable systems. After being championed by L.B. Cohen and his colleagues for the past 20 years, the impact of this technology is rapidly being felt and is spreading to an increasing number of neuroscience laboratories. A second class of experiments involves using dyes to image membrane potential distributions in single cells by digital imaging microscopy - a major focus of this lab. These studies usually do not require the temporal resolution of multisite optical recording, being primarily focussed on slow cell biological processes, and therefore can achieve much higher spatial resolution. We have developed 2 methods for quantitative imaging of membrane potential. One method uses dual wavelength imaging of membrane-staining dyes and the other uses quantitative 3D imaging of a fluorescent lipophilic cation; the dyes used in each case were synthesized for this purpose in this laboratory.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

Multifaceted effects of need for cognitive closure on effort: A cardiovascular response study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Szumowska ◽  
Paulina Szwed ◽  
Małgorzata Kossowska ◽  
Rex Wright
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Cognitive Closure ◽  
Need For Cognitive Closure

Soziale Disziplinierung im flexiblen Kapitalismus

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (136) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Tobias Wölfle ◽  
Oliver Schöller
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Municipal Level

Under the term “Hilfe zur Arbeit” (aid for work) the federal law of social welfare subsumes all kinds of labour disciplining instruments. First, the paper shows the historical connection of welfare and labour disciplining mechanisms in the context of different periods within capitalist development. In a second step, against the background of historical experiences, we will analyse the trends of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” during the past two decades. It will be shown that by the rise of unemployment, the impact of labour disciplining aspects of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” has increased both on the federal and on the municipal level. For this reason the leverage of the liberal paradigm would take place even in the core of social rights.

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