scholarly journals Traffic Risk Perception, Risky Road Use Behaviors among Vietnamese People

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Nguyen V. Luot ◽  
Dao T.D. Linh ◽  
Nguyen D. Phong ◽  
Nguyen V. Long ◽  
Bui M. Duc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Two Factors

Background: The total number of (road) traffic accidents in Vietnam remains high and the death toll caused by these accidents also ranks second in Southeast Asia. Many studies elsewhere have shown a positive correlation between the traffic risk perception and the traffic risky behavior (henceforth, referred to as TRP and TRB, respectively, for short) However, this relationship has been relatively under-researched in the context of Vietnam. This study aimed to fulfill the above research gap by investigating the present status of TRP and TRB among Vietnamese people who used motorbikes and/or electric motorbikes for their daily travel as well as the association between these two variables. Methods: This was a cross-sectional quantitative study. Data were collected from a convenient sample of 373 people using motorbikes and electric motorbikes (102 males, 271 females; M age = 25.8) by means of an online questionnaire survey. This questionnaire survey was constructed based on the Risk Perception Scale on traffic risk developed by Ram et al. (2016) as well as an additional question that was to explore the risk behaviors of research participants during their traffic involvement for the last thirty days. Results: TRP indices were found to be higher for women than for men. Young males with extroverted characteristics had higher TRB than old females with introverted characteristics. However, no relationship existed between these two factors in the present study. Conclusion: As the finding of this study turned out to be inconsistent with those of previous research, more empirical studies are still welcome in this area.

scholarly journals Perceived Health Concerns During COVID 19 Crisis Amongst Jamaicans

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukanya Prasad MBBS, MPH ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Societal Health

Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global crisis affecting several countries, including Jamaica. The risk perception of a crisis is shaped by both real hazards and perceived threats. Therefore, a cross-sectional research survey was conducted in August 2020 to evaluate Jamaicans' perceived health concerns during COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional randomized online questionnaire survey was sent to a total of 268 participants. As a result, 92 people (34%) responded to the online questionnaire survey in August 2020, and SPSS analyzed the data. Results and Discussion: Out of 92 respondents, 78% were females, 22% were males, and more than 70% of participants were over 35 yrs. old. 52% of participants perceived the country was not prepared for a crisis such as COVID-19. The biggest concerns during this crisis were family health (39%), economic hardship (28%), societal health (20%), and personal health (13%). In personal health, the majority of Jamaicans were concerned about physical and mental health during this crisis. Conclusion: The responding and understanding of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic are functions of both natural threats and perceived risks. The interaction of physical health and risk perception is complex and dependent on understanding the crisis, uncertainty, and destructive potential. The results suggest a crisis burden on mental health in addition to physical health; therefore, an effective campaign should be planned to prevent a deepening mental health crisis. This research study suggests a potential burden on societal health in healthcare delivery systems and other public health services. The awareness program should be promoted to motivate and help the Jamaicans to handle the crisis. The policymakers should consider working with government, science, and faith-based institutions to develop a multidisciplinary framework to control the COVID-19 pandemic's negative impact on Jamaican society.

scholarly journals MANDIBULAR FRACTURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1596-1599
Author(s):  
Shaheen Ahmed ◽  
Reema Viqar Usmani ◽  
Abdul Hafeez Shaikh ◽  
Noureen Iqbal ◽  
Syed Muhammad Umer Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Males ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Maxillofacial trauma is a regularly reported occurrence in theemergency room. Of all maxillofacial injuries worldwide, the mandible is the most commonlyinvolved facial bone, with etiologies ranging from assaults and interpersonal violence to RTAs.Objectives: We aim to identify the patterns of incidence, etiology, age groups, anatomicallocation and gender in mandibular fractures in the population of Karachi, Pakistan. StudyDesign: Observational cross sectional study. Setting: Dow International Dental College. Period:January 2012 – September 2017. Materials and Methods: Informed consent was obtainedalong with a comprehensive history; a systematic clinical examination was supplemented byradiographs of the face as required to confirm the presence of fractures. Statistical analysis wasdone using SPSS v.21. Results: Over 5 years, an overall 156 patients sustained 250 fractures ofthe mandible. Most affected gender was male, the age group was 20-30 years, most commoncause was Road Traffic Accidents and site was the parasymphysis. Conclusion: Mandibularfractures have a higher incidence in young males driving motorbikes or cars. More rigorouslegislative action and community awareness is required to lessen the rate of mandibularfractures in Karachi, Pakistan.

scholarly journals Prevalence of road traffic accident in children: retrospective study in tertiary centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Mallikarjuna G. P. ◽  
Latha G. S. ◽  
Veeresh Babu D. V. ◽  
Thejraj H. K.
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
Traffic Rules

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the leading cause of unnatural deaths in the world and a major burden on the world’s economy. The aim was to study the prevalence of road traffic accident among children.Methods: It is a retrospective cross sectional study. Data collected from the hospital records in PICU. Children studied are either admitted directly for road traffic accident or referred to our centre for complicated injuries. children of 1 to 18 years are studied, details of address, locality (either rural, urban) road safety precautions used, mode of injury, type of vehicle, type of injury, number of passengers, complications, outcome of injury are collected and entered in prescribed proforma, and impact of each one is analysed and magnitude is studied. Study period was from June 2014 to June 2016.Results: This study shows that road traffic accident prevalence is more in 15-18 year age group (31%), and males are affected more commonly (79.5%), among these majority of children were from rural area (73%), more common type of injury were complicated injuries (85.1%). Children travelling in 2 wheelers were affected more (74.9%). Results analysed with age of victims and type of injury, p value <0.05 is considered significant.Conclusions: To bring the mortality rate down, children especially with rural background should be made aware about the importance of strict compliance to traffic rules and regulations. Government need to start implementing traffic rules awareness programme among rural people.

scholarly journals Emerging trends of traumatic brain injury in Western Uttar Pradesh, India: diagnosis and rehabilitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2356
Author(s):  
Mohd. Arfat ◽  
A. P. Verma ◽  
Arvind Shukla ◽  
Kailash K. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Skull Fractures ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Emerging Trends

Background: To study the various advance technology for the diagnosis of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and find out Emerging trends occur in TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) patients.Methods: The present study was conducted with 500 patients, age between 02 year to 70 years mean age (36 Years) presenting to emergency department of Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, with a history of acute head trauma from January 2016 to December 2018. All patients were examined using 64 slices MDCT and 1.5T MRI Scanner also.Results: Traumatic brain injury caused by various reasons like 62.1% road traffic accidents (RTA) and 25.1% fall from height (FFH) being and 11.83% Assault/hit by hard object and 0.88% are gunshot injury. Loss of consciousness was the most common complaint of the 59.1% TBI patients followed by 17.75% Vomiting and headache, 11.83% facial injury and 11.24% scalp injury. All TBI patients were diagnosed by MDCT 64 Slices Somatom Sensation Scanner who was observed 41.42% skull fractures, 29.28% extra dural hematoma, 27.21% sub dural hematoma, 23.96% sub archnoid haemorrhage, 13% intra cerebral hematoma, 30.17% brain contusions and 24.26% diffuse cerebral edema.Conclusions: Road traffic accidents remain the leading cause of trauma in our country. MRI and MDCT are well recognized method to know the extent and various types of hemorrhages and skull fractures in TBI patients. The present study data is indicated 62.1% majority of TBI patients are suffered by Road traffic accidents mainly young males with alcoholism.

Influence of environmental factors on road traffic accidents: Hospital based cross sectional study at Tirupati

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Shakeer Kahn P. ◽  
Surendra Babu D. ◽  
Khadervali N. ◽  
Chandrasekhar C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Gambaran Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku Kader Palang Merah Remaja (PMR) di SMAN 2 Lamongan Terhadap Program Suplementasi Tablet Tambah Darah

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Stefania Widya Setyaningtyas ◽  
Thinni Nurul Rochmah ◽  
Trias Mahmudiono ◽  
Susi Hidayah ◽  
Yurike D Adhela
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Iron Folic Acid

ABSTRACT  Background: anemia prevention through iron-folic acid supplementation (IFA) for female adolescent has become goverment’s program priority. Although this programme have been running, several constrains including consumption compliance was frequently found. On the other hand, school have potential resources such as Junior of The Red Cross (PMR) which can be peer educator for health including anemia for other students. Objectives: this research was aimed to describe knowledge, practice, and attitude of PMR member toward IFA supplementation in SMAN 2 LamonganMethods: This research used cross sectional design. The population of this study was 100 members of the Red Cross Youth Teaching (PMR) SMAN 2 Lamongan. The sample of this study was 60 students who were selected by the simple random sampling method who met the inclusion criteria, such as were active members of the PMR and were willing to take part in the study. Data collection was carried out using self-administered questionnaires using an online questionnaire application consisting of 20 questions to measure knowledge; 20 questions to measure attitude; and 13 questions to measure behavior. Data were categorized and analyzed using descriptive tests.Results: Most respondents still have lack of knowledge related to the TTD program (56.7%) and its benefits (56.7%). 66% of PMR cadres have a positive attitude towards TTD, but not 100% of PMR cadres consume blood-added tablets regularly.Conclusions Strengthening of knowledge and attitudes towards TTD is needed to improve compliance of TTD consumption among PMR members so that later PMR cadres can become peer educators for other students.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: penanggulangan anemia dengan pemberian Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) dengan sasaran remaja putri menjadi fokus pemerintah saat ini. Walaupun sudah mulai berjalan, seringkali ditemukan beberapa kendala dalam pelaksanaan program, diantaranya ketidakpatuhan konsumsi TTD. Di sisi lain, sekolah memiliki potensi sumberdaya untuk meningkatkan optimalisasi program TTD, salah satunya adalah Palang Merah Remaja (PMR) yang dapat menjadi pendidik sebaya tentang masalah kesehatan termasuk anemia bagi siswi lainnya.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku kader PMR di SMA Negeri 2 Lamongan terhadap program pemberian TTDMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah anggota ekstrakurikuler Palang Merah Remaja (PMR) SMAN 2 Lamongan sejumlah 100 orang. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 60 siswa anggota PMR yang dipilih dengan metode simple random sampling dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu merupakan anggota aktif PMR dan bersedia mengikuti penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan self-administered questionnaires dengan menggunakan aplikasi kuesioner online yang terdiri dari 20 pertanyaan untuk mengukur pengetahuan; 20 pertanyaan untuk mengukur sikap; dan 13 pertanyaan untuk mengukur perilaku. Data dikategorikan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji deskriptif.Hasil: Sebagian besar responden masih memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang terkait program TTD (56,7%) dan manfaatnya (56,7%). Sebesar 66% kader PMR memiliki sikap yang positif terhadap TTD, namun tidak 100% kader PMR mengonsumsi tablet tambah darah secara rutin.Kesimpulan: Perlu penguatan terhadap pengetahuan serta sikap terhadap TTD untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan konsumsi TTD di kalangan anggota PMR agar nantinya kader PMR dapat menjadi pendidik sebaya bagi siswi lainnya. 

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Injuries in “Heratsi” No 1 University Hospital in Yerevan, Armenia: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusine V. Aleksanyan ◽  
Anna Yu Poghosyan ◽  
Martin S. Misakyan ◽  
Armen M. Minasyan ◽  
Aren Yu Bablumyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the prevalence, etiologies, and types of maxillofacial injuries (MFI) and sites of maxillofacial fractures (MFF) and their management in Yerevan, Armenia.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Data including age, sex, date of referral, mode of injury, etiology, radiology records and treatment methods were extracted. Study outcomes were measured using percentages, means, standard deviations and tests of proportions. P <.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 204 patients had a mean age of 36.26 ±1.08 years (156 males and 48 females), and a total of 259 MFIs were recorded between 2017 and 2020. Interpersonal violence (IV) was found to be the most common etiology of MFFs in this study (42.1%), followed by road traffic accidents (RTAs) (27.9%) and falls (18.6%). The nasal bone was the most common injury site (47.5%), followed by the mandible (31.4%) and zygomatic complex (11.7%). The most common fracture site was the mandibular angle (37.9%), followed by the symphysis/parasymphysis (28.1%) and body (12.6%). The majority of MFFs were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.Conclusion: Interpersonal violence, followed by RTAs and falls, was the most common cause of MFIs. The nasal bone was the most common injury site, followed by the mandible and zygomatic complex. Social education with the objective of reducing aggression and interpersonal conflict should be improved, and appropriate RTA prevention strategies should be strengthened and implemented.

The Psychological Burden of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Traits on Medical Workers Under the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Web-Based Questionnaire Survey (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Matsui ◽  
Takuya Yoshiike ◽  
Ayumi Tsuru ◽  
Rei Otsuki ◽  
Kentaro Nagao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Developmental Characteristics

BACKGROUND There are numerous reports on the psychological burden of medical workers after the COVID-19 outbreak; however, no study has examined the influence of developmental characteristics on the mental health of medical workers. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine whether the developmental characteristics of medical workers are associated with anxiety and depression after the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS An online questionnaire survey was conducted in October 2020. The questionnaire included items on sociodemographic data, changes in their life after the COVID-19 outbreak, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits, and autism spectrum disorder traits. We performed hierarchical multiple regression analyses. RESULTS The data of 640 medical workers were analyzed. Increases in physical and psychological burden were observed in 49.1% and 78.3% of the subjects, respectively. The results of a multiple regression analysis showed that ADHD traits were significantly associated with both depression (β=0.390, P<.001) and anxiety (β=0.426, P<.001). Autistic traits were significantly associated with depression (β=0.069, P<.05) but not anxiety. Increased physical and psychological burden, being female, medical workers other than physicians and nurses, fear of COVID-19, and experience of discrimination were also significantly associated with both depression and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Globally, the burden on medical workers increased. This study suggested that medical workers with higher ADHD traits may need special attention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The Role of Helmet Fastening in Motorcycle Road Traffic Accidents

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Arif ◽  
B. R. Rajanikanth ◽  
Kavitha Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Facial Injuries ◽  
The Face ◽  
Motorcycle Accidents ◽  
Open Face

Road traffic accidents are the leading cause of death among the Indian population. Motorcycle accidents are the most prominent type of injuries among road traffic accidents in India. In this prospective cross-sectional study, all the patients attending three centers in north Bangalore, with facial injuries occurring from a motorcycle accident, were included. The subjects were analyzed for the type of collision, helmet use, type of helmet use, and fastening status of the helmets. A total of 311 motorcyclists were included in this study for a period of 18 months (December 2015 to June 2017). There were 79.7% males and 20.3% females. The most prominent age group was 21 to 30 years. The percentage of riders sustaining facial injuries was significantly more in the non-helmeted group. The most common injuries in open face helmets were in the middle and lower third of the face, whereas in closed face helmets it was in the middle third of the face. The numbers of injuries were significantly higher in the nonfastened helmet group as compared with fastened helmet group. Helmet fixation is an important characteristic along with helmet type for the better effectiveness and safety of the helmets for the motorcyclists.

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