scholarly journals Successful Aging Among a Sample of Iranian Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Nasibeh Zanjari ◽  
Yadollah A. Momtaz
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Mean

Background: Successful Aging (SA), as one of the most important indicators of elderly people's health, has received substantial attention in the gerontological literature. Objective: The present study aimed to identify the successful aging status and its associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the stratified multistage sampling method. In 2015, a total of 600 community-dwelling participants aged 60 years or older in Tehran participated in this study. The SA was measured by a validated questionnaire consisting of seven dimensions. A Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was done using SPSS to identify the most important predictors of SA. Results: The mean age of the participants was 69.7 (SD=7.5), and around 46% of them were retired. The mean score of the composite index of the SA was 65.6 (SD=10.8; expected range 0-100). The results of the study showed that 11.2% of the participants were aging successfully. The results of the stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that childhood health status, socioeconomic status in childhood, level of education, marital status, income, and the number of diseases are significantly contributed to successful aging. Conclusion: The results of the present study showing only a few of the participants are aging successfully, imply that social and health policymakers must pay more attention to the aging population, particularly those with low social status and chronic medical status.

scholarly journals Comparison of muscle quality and functional capacity between Japanese and Brazilian older individuals

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243589
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Akima ◽  
Akito Yoshiko ◽  
Régis Radaelli ◽  
Madoka Ogawa ◽  
Kaori Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Independent Variables

Muscle quality is well-known to decrease with aging and is a risk factor for metabolic abnormalities. However, there is a lack of information on race-associated differences in muscle quality and other neuromuscular features related to functional performance. This study aimed to compare muscle quality, function, and morphological characteristics in Japanese and Brazilian older individuals. Eighty-four participants aged 65–87 years were enrolled in the study (42 Japanese: 23 men, 19 women, mean age 70.4 years; 42 Brazilians: 23 men, 19 women, mean age 70.8 years). Echo intensity (EI) and muscle thickness (MT) of the quadriceps femoris were measured using B-mode ultrasonography. A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis with EI as a dependent variable revealed that MT was a significant variable for Japanese participants (R2 = 0.424, P = 0.001), while MT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) thickness were significant variables for Brazilian participants (R2 = 0.490, P = 0.001). A second stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed after excluding MT and SCAT thickness from the independent variables. Sex and age for Japanese participants (R2 = 0.381, P = 0.001) and lean body mass and body mass index for Brazilian participants (R2 = 0.385, P = 0.001) were identified as significant independent variables. The present results suggest that MT is closely correlated with muscle quality in Japanese and Brazilian older individuals. Increases in muscle size may induce decreases in intramuscular adipose tissue and/or connective tissues, which are beneficial for reducing the risks of metabolic impairments in Japanese and Brazilian older individuals.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Peak Expiratory Flow Rate of Indian and Nepalese Young Adults in a Teaching Institute

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (169) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parthasarathi Debray ◽  
B M Shreevatsa ◽  
R B MG ◽  
T K Sen ◽  
S Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
The Mean

Peak expiratory fl ow rate (PEFR) measurement is the easiest and cheapest method to evaluaterespiratory functions. So, the study was carried out to evaluate PEFR of healthy Nepalese adults andcompare their values with healthy Indian counterparts to know whether Indian prediction equationsfor PEFR can be used for Nepalese adult population or not.One hundred twenty-three healthy, young, non smoker adult Indian (64: 28 Males, 36 Females) andNepalese (59: 32 Males, 27 Females) medical students of 18 to 20 years of age participated in the study.The mean PEFR of Indian (male: 490.4 liter/min, female: 386.0 liter/min) and Nepalese (male: 485.9liter/min, Female: 365.2 liter/min) young adults were found to have no signifi cant differences.As there is no signifi cant difference in the mean PEFR of Indian and Nepalese young adults, predictionequations made for Indian adults can be used to predict PEFR of Nepalese subjects. Therefore, anattempt has been made to formulate a regression equation from the combined Indian and Nepalesesubjects. A stepwise, multiple, linear, regression analysis was performed for this purpose. The analysisshowed that height is the best predictor for PEFR in the present study. The regression equation basedon height for the combined Indian and Nepalese young adults is calculated as: PEFR = 5.687 × Height(cm) – 495.787. However, a stepwise, multiple, linear, regression equation with residual analysisfor the best fi t model was performed to formulate prediction equation for PEFR and this showed achange of the earlier regression equation to PEFR = 5.930 × Height (cm) – 536.131.Keywords: Peak expiratory fl ow rate, peak fl ow meter, prediction equation, spirometry, youngadults

scholarly journals Effect of Opioid Limiting Legislation on Postoperative Opioid Utilization in Patients Treated for Ankle Fractures

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 247301142093950
Author(s):  
Connor G. Hoge ◽  
Robert N. Matar ◽  
Colin D. F. Cotton ◽  
Michael G. Rubeiz ◽  
Tonya L. Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
The Mean

Background: The state of Ohio implemented legislation in August of 2017 limiting the quantity of opioids a provider could prescribe. The purpose of this study was to identify if implementation of legislation affected opioid and nonopioid utilization in patients operatively treated for ankle fractures in the initial 90-day postoperative period after controlling for injury severity and preoperative narcotic usage. Methods: A retrospective review of 144 patients treated for isolated ankle fractures in a pre-law group (January 2017–July 2017; n = 73) and post-law group (January 2018–July 2018; n = 71) was completed using electronic medical records and a legal prescriber database. Total number of opioid prescriptions, pills, milligrams of morphine equivalents (MMEs), and nonopioid prescriptions were recorded. Multiple regression analysis was run to identify predictors of opioid prescribing after controlling for law group, demographic, preoperative narcotic use, and injury severity characteristics. Results: Mean MME prescribed per patient significantly decreased from 817.2 MME pre-law to 380.9 post-law ( P < .01). Mean number of opioid pills prescribed per patient decreased from 99.1 in the pre-law group and 55.3 in the post law group ( P < .001), respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis to predict the mean number of opioid pills prescribed was statistically significant ( R 2 = 0.33; P < .001), with law group adding significantly to the prediction ( P < .001). The multiple linear regression analysis to predict MME per patient was found to be statistically significant ( R 2 = 0.31; P < .001), with the law group contributing significantly ( P < .001). Conclusion: The Ohio prescriber law successfully contributed to the decreased number of opioid pills and MME prescribed in the initial 90-day postoperative period after controlling for injury severity and preoperative narcotic usage. Policies on opioid prescriptions may serve as an important public health tool in the fight against the opioid epidemic. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.

scholarly journals Nurses' exposure to verbal abuse at a university hospital in Crete, Greece

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Rikos ◽  
Demetra Telli ◽  
Athanasia Hatzinikolaou ◽  
Demetra Mantikou ◽  
Michael Rovithis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Almost All

Background & Aim: The current study aimed to investigate workplace bullying, specifically verbal abuse of working nurses, and its consequences on the physical and psychological levels. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study was designed and implemented in 151 nurses working at a university hospital. The survey was conducted in 2018 at a university hospital in Greece, and the Verbal Abuse Scale (G-AVQ v.0/2015) was used to assess the verbal abuse level. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied, and distributions were tested for their symmetry using Blom's method (QQ plot). Results: 88.1% were women as the mean age of all was 41.7 years and 16.1 years the mean length of employment. Almost all nurses (94.7%) reported experiencing verbal abuse, as 77.6% reported that the perpetrator was a patient's relative (p<0.05). Among cognitive assessment, coping, severity of effects, and strength of feeling, coping had the highest mean value the highest mean value, while severity of effects had the lowest (2.52 vs. 1.83, p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that frequency of verbal abuse type has a significant correlation with higher coping (β=0.28, p=0.007) and strength of feeling values (β=0.29, p=0.010). Similarly, the severity of verbal abuse type has a significant correlation with higher strength of feeling values (β=0.30, p=0.014). Conclusion: Almost all the nurses reported experiencing verbal abuse as the 'patients' relatives were the main perpetrators. Although the nurses seem to cope with verbal abuse successfully, this fact is described as stressful. Moreover, the frequency, severity of verbal abuse, and consequences are correlated to the emotions that arise from it.

scholarly journals The impact of emphysema on dosimetric parameters for stereotactic body radiotherapy of the lung

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Ochiai ◽  
Yoshihito Nomoto ◽  
Yasufumi Yamashita ◽  
Tomoki Inoue ◽  
Shuuichi Murashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Conformity Index ◽  
Severe Emphysema ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of emphysematous changes in lung on dosimetric parameters in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for lung tumor. A total of 72 treatment plans were reviewed, and dosimetric factors [including homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (CI)] were evaluated. Emphysematous changes in lung were observed in 43 patients (60%). Patients were divided into three groups according to the severity of emphysema: no emphysema ( n = 29), mild emphysema ( n = 22) and moderate to severe emphysema groups ( n = 21). The HI ( P &lt; 0.001) and the CI ( P = 0.029) were significantly different in accordance with the severity of emphysema in one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The HI value was significantly higher in the moderate to severe emphysema group compared with in the no emphysema (Tukey, P &lt; 0.001) and mild emphysema groups ( P = 0.002). The CI value was significantly higher in the moderate to severe emphysema group compared with in the no emphysema group ( P = 0.044). In multiple linear regression analysis, the severity of emphysema ( P &lt; 0.001) and the mean material density of the lung within the PTV ( P &lt; 0.001) were significant factors for HI, and the mean density of the lung within the PTV ( P = 0.005) was the only significant factor for CI. The mean density of the lung within the PTV was significantly different in accordance with the severity of emphysema (one-way ANOVA, P = 0.008) and the severity of emphysema ( P &lt; 0.001) was one of the significant factors for the density of the lung within the PTV in multiple linear regression analysis. Our results suggest that emphysematous changes in the lung significantly impact on several dosimetric parameters in SBRT, and they should be carefully evaluated before treatment planning.

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