scholarly journals Patterns of Psychiatric Morbidity Before and After a War in Lebanon at Twelve Months Following Cessation of Hostilities

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila F. Farhood
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Political violence and mental health in Nepal: prospective study

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon A. Kohrt ◽  
Daniel J. Hruschka ◽  
Carol M. Worthman ◽  
Richard D. Kunz ◽  
Jennifer L. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Before And After

BackgroundPost-conflict mental health studies in low-income countries have lacked pre-conflict data to evaluate changes in psychiatric morbidity resulting from political violence.AimsThis prospective study compares mental health before and after exposure to direct political violence during the People's War in Nepal.MethodAn adult cohort completed the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory in 2000 prior to conflict violence in their community and in 2007 after the war.ResultsOf the original 316 participants, 298 (94%) participated in the post-conflict assessment. Depression increased from 30.9 to 40.6%. Anxiety increased from 26.2 to 47.7%. Post-conflict post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was 14.1%. Controlling for ageing, the depression increase was not significant. The anxiety increase showed a dose–response association with conflict exposure when controlling for ageing and daily stressors. No demographic group displayed unique vulnerability or resilience to the effects of conflict exposure.ConclusionsConflict exposure should be considered in the context of other types of psychiatric risk factors. Conflict exposure predicted increases in anxiety whereas socioeconomic factors and non-conflict stressful life events were the major predictors of depression. Research and interventions in postconflict settings therefore should consider differential trajectories for depression v. anxiety and the importance of addressing chronic social problems ranging from poverty to gender and ethnic/caste discrimination.

Hysterectomy and Psychiatric Disorder: I. Levels of Psychiatric Morbidity before and after Hysterectomy

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Gath ◽  
Peter Cooper ◽  
Ann Day
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Present State ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Examination

SummaryOne hundred and fifty-six women with menorrhagia of benign origin were interviewed before hysterectomy, and re-interviewed six months post-operatively (n = 147), and again 18 months post-operatively (n = 148). Levels of psychiatric morbidity were significantly higher before the operation than after. On the Present State Examination, 58 per cent of patients were psychiatric cases before surgery, as against 29 per cent at the 18-month follow-up. Similar post-operative improvements were found on measures of mood (POMS), and of psychosexual and social functioning. Most of these improvements had occurred within three to six months after the operation. Both before and after hysterectomy, levels of psychiatric morbidity were high by comparison with women in the general population, but lower than in psychiatric patients. The pre-operative psychiatric morbidity had been mainly of long duration.

scholarly journals Hyperthyroidism and psychiatric morbidity: evidence from a Danish nationwide register study

2014 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans Brandt ◽  
Marianne Thvilum ◽  
Dorthe Almind ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Anders Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
National Patient Registry ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Nationwide Register Study

ObjectiveThyroid hormones are essential for the normal development of the fetal brain, while hyperthyroidism in adults is associated with mood symptoms and reduced quality of life. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association and temporal relationship between hyperthyroidism and psychiatric morbidity.DesignRegister-based nationwide cohort study.MethodData on hyperthyroidism and psychiatric morbidity were obtained by record linkage of the Danish National Patient Registry and the Danish National Prescription Registry. A total of 2631 hyperthyroid individuals were identified and matched 1:4 with non-hyperthyroid controls and followed for a mean duration of 6 years (range 0–13). Logistic and Cox regression models were used to assess the risk of psychiatric morbidity before and after the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism respectively.ResultsBefore the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, such individuals had an increased risk of being hospitalized with psychiatric diagnoses (odds ratio (OR): 1.33; 95% CI: 0.98–1.80) and an increased risk of being treated with antipsychotics (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.00–1.38), antidepressants (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01–1.27), or anxiolytics (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.16–1.42). After the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, there was a higher risk of being hospitalized with psychiatric diagnoses (hazard ratio (HR): 1.51; 95% CI: 1.11–2.05) and an increased risk of being treated with antipsychotics (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.20–1.79), antidepressants (HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.36–1.74), or anxiolytics (HR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.27–1.69).ConclusionsHyperthyroid individuals have an increased risk of being hospitalized with psychiatric diagnoses and being treated with antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anxiolytics, both before and after the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.

Increased Psychiatric Morbidity Before and After the Diagnosis of Hypothyroidism: A Nationwide Register Study

Thyroid ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 802-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Thvilum ◽  
Frans Brandt ◽  
Dorthe Almind ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Thomas Heiberg Brix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Register Study ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nationwide Register Study

Psychiatric Liaison Referrals of Elderly In-patients in a Teaching Hospital

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Poynton
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Referral Rate ◽  
Psychiatric Syndrome ◽  
Before And After

A retrospective review of 131 psychiatric referrals of hospital in-patients aged 65 years and older was made to examine the referral rate, the characteristics of referred patients, and the pattern of diagnoses and recommendations made by the psychiatrist. The referral rate was much less than the estimated prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in similar populations. The majority of referrals received a psychiatric diagnosis, most commonly an organic psychiatric syndrome (37%) or depression (23%). Comparison of various aspects of referral for the periods before and after the introduction of a specific psychiatric liaison service for the elderly showed little change apart from a small increase in referral rate.

Reactions of Police Officers to Body-Handling after a Major Disaster a Before-and-After Comparison

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Alexander ◽  
Andrew Wells
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Major Disaster ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Distress

This study reports the results of an unusual opportunity to follow up a group of police officers who were involved in body-handling duties following the Piper Alpha disaster, and for whom there were available data from pre-disaster assessments. In addition, after these duties, the officers were compared with a matched control group of officers who had not been involved in such work. The comparisons failed to demonstrate high levels of post-traumatic distress or psychiatric morbidity. The results are interpreted in terms of issues such as the officers' own coping strategies, and major organisational and managerial factors.

Deformation Replication

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Rake Face ◽  
Orthogonal Machining ◽  
Aluminum Chips ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Very High

Tool materials used in ultramicrotomy are glass, developed by Latta and Hartmann (1) and diamond, introduced by Fernandez-Moran (2). While diamonds produce more good sections per knife edge than glass, they are expensive; require careful mounting and handling; and are time consuming to clean before and after usage, purchase from vendors (3-6 months waiting time), and regrind. Glass offers an easily accessible, inexpensive material ($0.04 per knife) with very high compressive strength (3) that can be employed in microtomy of metals (4) as well as biological materials. When the orthogonal machining process is being studied, glass offers additional advantages. Sections of metal or plastic can be dried down on the rake face, coated with Au-Pd, and examined directly in the SEM with no additional handling (5). Figure 1 shows aluminum chips microtomed with a 75° glass knife at a cutting speed of 1 mm/sec with a depth of cut of 1000 Å lying on the rake face of the knife.

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