Effect of Acute Increases in Intraocular Pressure on Corneal Pachymetry in Rabbit Eyes Treated with Timolol Maleate

Objective: To evaluate in an in vivo rabbit model, the effect of topical timolol maleate therapy on the central corneal thickness response to acute intraocular pressure increases. Method: In this prospective and interventional controlled study, the central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure were measured in vivo in 12 rabbit eyes treated with topical timolol maleate for 1 month and in 12 controls at baseline, and after the intraocular pressure (measured by direct cannulation of the anterior chamber) was increased to 15 and 30 mmHg using a forced saline infusion into the anterior chamber. Results: There were no significant differences in the basal central corneal thickness values (control group, 373.2±12.9 µm; study group, 377.5±19.2 µm, p=0.5) or the central corneal thickness values when the intraocular pressure was increased to 15 mmHg (control group, 335.2±14.3 µm; study group, 330.0±32.1 µm, p=0.6) and to 30 mmHg (study group, 318.8±25.3 µm; control group, 329.8±21.0 µm, p=0.3). Conclusion: Rabbit corneas treated with topical timolol maleate for 1 month did not show a strain response to acute intraocular pressure increases that differed from control eyes. This is in contrast to a previous finding in which rabbit eyes treated with prostaglandin analogues had a greater decrease in central corneal thickness in response to a sudden intraocular pressure increase compared with untreated corneas.

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Comparing biometry in normal eyes of children with unilateral cataract/corneal disease to age-matched controls

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v7i2.14959 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 108-116

Author(s):

Adem Gul ◽

Adnan Cinal ◽

Cagatay Caglar ◽

Tekin Yasar ◽

Adil Kilic

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Lens Thickness ◽

The Difference

Objective: To compare ocular biometry and central corneal thickness of unaffected healthy eyes of pediatric patients with monocular cataracts/corneal opacities and age- matched controls.Materials and methods: We studied 329 eyes of 329 children who were between 1 and 12 years old. The study group (n: 164) consisted of healthy fellow eyes of children operated for unilateral congenital/traumatic cataract and corneal laceration. Axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth, and central corneal thickness were measured by ultrasound biometry/ pachymetry. Results: Axial length was 22.16 mm in the study group and 21.99 mm in the control group. Anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and vitreous chamber depth results were 3.35; 3.64 and 15.20 in the treatment group and 3.20; 3.63, and 15.15 mm in the control group, respectively. The axial length and all the components, i.e. anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and vitreous chamber depth are higher in the unaffected healthy eyes of the pediatric patients than that of the control group but only the difference in the anterior chamber depth was statistically significant. The central corneal thickness was 548 microns and 559 microns in the study and the control groups, respectively, and the difference was found to be significant. Conclusion: Greater anterior chamber depth was chiefly responsible for the overall increase in the axial length in the study group. The central corneal thickness was significantly thinner in the study group than that of the control group.

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To study the effects of central corneal thickness, axial length, and anterior chamber depth on intraocular pressure

Sudanese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.4103/sjopthal.sjopthal_17_17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

MuhammadIjaz Ahmad ◽

ManzoorAhmad Qureshi ◽

YousefHomood Aldebasi

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth

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Early Macular Angiography among Patients with Glaucoma, Ocular Hypertension, and Normal Subjects

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2019/7419470 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shih-Chun Chao ◽

Shang-Jung Yang ◽

Hung-Chi Chen ◽

Chi-Chin Sun ◽

Chin-Hsin Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Visual Field ◽

Ganglion Cell ◽

Ocular Hypertension ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Control Group ◽

Ganglion Cell Complex ◽

Outer Retina ◽

Flow Area

Purpose. To evaluate early macular circulation in open-angle glaucoma (OAG), normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), ocular hypertension (OHT), and healthy subjects via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Medical records were reviewed, and the patients who received OCTA examinations were divided into the OAG, NTG, OHT, and normal groups. The ophthalmic data including best-corrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, central foveal thickness, visual field deviation, retinal nerve fiber layers thickness, and ganglion cell complex thickness were obtained from medical documents. For the macular area, the superficial vessel density (VD), deep VD, foveal avascular zone (FAZ), flow area of the outer retina, and flow area of the choriocapillaris were measured via OCTA and analyzed using the default vascular density analysis program in the same OCTA device. Results. A total of 70 eyes from 70 patients were analyzed in the current study. Significant differences in the intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, visual field deviation, retinal fiber layer thickness, and ganglion cell complex thickness were observed in the patients in the glaucoma group at their last visits. The OAG and NTG groups evinced a lower superficial VD than did the control group, while the NTG group had a lower deep VD than the control group. The NTG group also had a larger FAZ than did the OHT group. The flow area of the outer retina in the OAG group was low relative to those of the OHT and control groups. No difference in choriocapillaris perfusion was observed among the groups. Conclusion. The OAG and NTG patients demonstrated impaired vasculature before significant disease development could be observed. Furthermore, the differences in macular circulation may be associated with differences in the courses of disease between the glaucoma and OHT patients.

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The Evaluation of Central Corneal Thickness and Intraocular Pressure in Conjunction with Tear IGF-1 Levels in Patients with Acromegaly

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.5301/ejo.5000932 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 531-534

Author(s):

Emrah Kan ◽

Elif K. Kan ◽

Ali Okuyucu

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Disease Status ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Igf I ◽

Duration Of Disease ◽

And Control

Purpose To compare the central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and tear insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels between patients with acromegaly and a control group and to evaluate the possible effect of tear IGF-1 and duration of the disease on CCT and IOP. Methods We included 31 patients with acromegaly (study group) and 40 age- and sex-matched controls in the study. Patients with acromegaly were divided into 2 subgroups based on disease status (active/inactive). All participants underwent complete ophthalmologic evaluation including CCT and IOP values. Basal tear samples were collected from both groups and tear IGF-1 levels were measured. The CCT, IOP, and tear IGF-1 levels were compared between groups and subgroups and the association between tear IGF-I levels and ocular parameters (CCT, IOP) and disease duration were also evaluated. Results Central corneal thickness, IOP, and tear IGF-1 levels did not show a significant difference between study and control groups. We also did not find a significant difference in terms of CCT, IOP, or tear IGF-1 levels between subgroups of patients. Correlation analysis did not show an association between the duration of disease and tear IGF-1 levels with CCT or IOP. Conclusions There was no significant difference in tear IGF-1 levels between patients with acromegaly and controls. Additionally, there was no correlation between disease duration and tear IGF-1 levels with CCT or IOP levels. This lack of association may suggest that tear IGF-1 levels might not have an effect on CCT or IOP findings in patients with acromegaly.

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ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN ENDOTHELIAL CELL OF RETINA

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i2.605 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Sonpal Jindal ◽

Dr. Mukesh Kumar Taneja

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem worldwide. Many parts of the human eye, including the epithelium of the cornea, lens, ciliary body, and retinal pigment epithelium, as well as the corneal endothelium, ganglion cell layer, and retinal photoreceptors, contain vitamin D receptor. Physiological effects of vitamin D From an ocular point of view, the role in macular and retinal health had been advanced, as well as the involvement in corneal inflammatory response, wound healing, and dry eye disease. The most important effect of vitamin D is on, phosphorus, calcium metabolism and on bone mineralization. Recently, it was observed that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are related with common cancers, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndromes, infectious, and many chronic diseases including autoimmune disease. Benefits of vitamin D may be amplified through synergistic interaction with topical corticosteroids which accelerates improvement in corneal shape and optics, substantially benefiting the control of ocular surface disease and dry eye symptoms. Aqueous humour is the primary source responsible for the feeding of corneal endothelial layer hence endothelial abnormalities can be expected due to accumulated inflammatory cytokines and multiple toxic products in the aqueous humour of the patients with vitamin D deficiency. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subjects were selected with vitamin D deficiency in the age group of 20–55 years. 50 patients having serum vitamin D levels <15 ng/ml were included in the study. Serum vitamin D levels of <15 ng/ml were included in the control group. Vitamin D levels in tear fluid were measured by direct competitive chemiluminescent enzyme linked immunoassay. A complete ophthalmic evaluation was performed in all participants which includes assessment of visual acuity, anterior segment evaluation and posterior segment evaluation. Specular microscopy was performed on the eyes of the patients with vitamin D deficiency and healthy control group individuals. Corneal endothelial cell density (CD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) values were calculated automatically using the software of the specular microscope. RESULTS: The study group included 23 male and 27 female subjects while study group included 24 male and 26 female. Mean age of male in study group was 46.4 ± 12.56 and female was 45.6 ± 11.77. In control group mean male age was 48.5 ± 9.25 and female age was 49.56 ± 12.55. In study group Mean Corneal endothelial cell density (CD) was observed as 2632.89 ± 189.25 cells/mm 2 and Mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 587.2 ± 25.89 μ. In control group Mean Corneal endothelial cell density (CD) was observed as 2954.97 ± 116.89 cells/mm 2 and Mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 546.0 ± 36.22 μ. Vitamin D levels of Tears in study group was 8.4 ± 1.7 ng/ml and in control group it was 16.2 ± 2.3 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: It has been observed that there is statistically significant difference in the corneal endothelial cell density (CD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with vitamin D deficiency. It was observed that Vitamin D is present in tear fluid and there is significant difference in the levels of vitamin D in study and control group.

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Evaluation the Acute Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Eye Anterior Segment Morphology and on İntraocular Pressure

10.21203/rs.3.rs-528769/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatih Akıncı ◽

Abdullah Arslan ◽

Muammer Özcimen

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Oxygen Therapy ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Iridocorneal Angle

Abstract Purpose: In this study the acute effects of 1 session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on eye anterior segment morphology and on intraocular pressure was evaluated.Materials and methods: 30 patients taking hyperbaric oxygen therapy for different indications were included in this prospective study. Only the right eye per patient was included in the study. The refractive errors were measured with autorefractometry, intraocular pressures were measured with pneumatic tonometry; anterior segment parameters pachymetry, keratometry, anterior chamber depth and iridocorneal angle values were measured with corneal topography prior to and 24 hours after 1 session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy.Results: In this study 30 eyes from a total of 30 patients were evaluated; 19 men (% 64) and 11 women (% 36). Median age was 44.33 ±16.12 (Age range 18-80 years). Mean intraocular pressure was 13.7 ±4,16 mmHg (milimetermercuries), mean central corneal thickness was 531.9 ±28.24 μm, mean anterior chamber depth was 3.30 ±0.375 mm, mean iridocorneal angle value was 35.3± 6.61 degrees before hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The mean intraocular pressure was 12.66±4,54 mmHg, mean central corneal thickness was 529.43± 26.68 μm, mean anterior chamber depth was 3.28±0.372 mm, mean iridocorneal angle value was 34.5±6.42 degrees after HBOT. A statistically significant decrease in these values were recorded. No statistically significant changes were found in spheric equivalent and keratometry values of the patients before and after HBOT.Conclusions: After one session of HBOT a decrease in intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth and iridocorneal angles of patients were observed; keratometry and spheric equivalent values remained unchanged. More studies are needed in order to use the effects of HBOT on anterior segment morphology and on intraocular pressure for situations like glaucoma, corneal edema etc.

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Is the central corneal thickness of diabetic patients thicker than that of non-diabetics’ eyes?

African Vision and Eye Health ◽

10.4102/aveh.v74i1.307 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Solani D. Mathebula ◽

Tshegofatso M. Segoati

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Central Corneal Thickness ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Study Group ◽

Group 3 ◽

The Mean

The purpose of the study was to evaluate central corneal thickness in diabetic patients and to compare the results with controls without diabetes mellitus. Sixty-five diabetic patients (65 eyes) constituted the study group, and 50 eyes were from the healthy control group (50 non-diabetic patients). The study group was subdivided into group 1 (no diabetic retinopathy, n = 35), group 2 (mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, n = 20), and group 3 (proliferative diabetic retinopathy, n = 10). Central corneal thickness measurements in microns were determined using ultrasound pachymetry. The mean central corneal thickness was significantly greater in the study group (567.14 μm ± 14.63 μm) than in the control group (531.14 μm ± 5 μm). In addition, the mean central corneal thickness was found to be greater in group 3 (577 μm ± 12 μm) than in groups 1 (562 μm ± 13 μm) and 2 (566.86 μm ± 15 μm), but the difference did not reach statistical significance. We found that the mean central corneal thickness for diabetic patients was thicker than that of the healthy controls. Thicker central corneas associated with diabetes mellitus should be taken into consideration when obtaining accurate intraocular pressure measurements in diabetics.

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The Effect of Coconut Oil pulling on Streptococcus mutans Count in Saliva in Comparison with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1800 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 38-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Roshni LNU ◽

Mamta Kaushik ◽

Pallavi Reddy ◽

Pooja Udameshi ◽

Neha Mehra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Preventive Therapy ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

ABSTRACT Objectives Oil pulling is an age-old practice that has gained modern popularity in promoting oral and systemic health. The scientific verification for this practice is insufficient. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of coconut oil pulling on the count of Streptococcus mutans in saliva and to compare its efficacy with that of Chlorhexidine mouthwash: in vivo. The null hypothesis was that coconut oil pulling has no effect on the bacterial count in saliva. Materials and methods A randomized controlled study was planned and 60 subjects were selected. The subjects were divided into three groups, Group A: Study Group: Oil pulling, Group B: Study Group: Chlorhexidine, and Group C: Control Group: Distilled water. Group A subjects rinsed mouth with 10 ml of coconut oil for 10 minutes. Group B subjects rinsed mouth with 5 ml Chlorhexidine mouthwash for 1 minute and Group C with 5 ml distilled water for 1 minute in the morning before brushing. Saliva samples were collected and cultured on 1st day and after 2 weeks from all subjects. Colonies were counted to compare the efficacy of coconut oil and Chlorhexidine with distilled water. Results Statistically significant reduction in S. mutans count was seen in both the coconut oil pulling and Chlorhexidine group. Conclusion Oil pulling can be explored as a safe and effective alternative to Chlorhexidine. Clinical significance Edible oil-pulling therapy is natural, safe and has no side effects. Hence, it can be considered as a preventive therapy at home to maintain oral hygiene. How to cite this article Kaushik M, Reddy P, Roshni, Udameshi P, Mehra N, Marwaha A. The Effect of Coconut Oil pulling on Streptococcus mutans Count in Saliva in Comparison with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):38-41.

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Microsurgical scleral drainage and trabeculectomy-scleral flap adjustable suture combination technique in the treatment of primary glaucoma

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.36.2.1439 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Li Xiahou ◽

Chunlan Liu ◽

Weihong Zhou ◽

Shasha Yang

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Suture Technique ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Treatment Technique ◽

Scleral Flap ◽

Combination Technique ◽

Primary Glaucoma ◽

One Year

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of microsurgical scleral drainage and trabeculectomy combined with scleral flap adjustable suture technique in the treatment of primary glaucoma. Methods: One hundred primary glaucoma patients (120 eyes) in Xinyu People’s Hospital of Jiangxi province were selected from July 2014 to June 2016. The patients were randomly divided into control group and study group. The control group was treated with compound trabeculectomy, while the study group was treated with microsurgical scleral drainage and trabeculectomy combined with scleral flap adjustable suture technique. In both groups of patients, intraocular pressure, functional filtering bleb formation, and complications before and after surgery were monitored for three days, one week, one month, three months, six months and one year, while anterior chamber depth was determined one week after operation. The extent of success of operation was compared between the two groups. Results: At three days, one week, one month, three months, six months and one year after surgery, intraocular pressure of study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). There was 93.33% formation of functional filtering blebs in the study group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (60.00%, P<0.001). Moreover, normal anterior chamber formation was significantly higher in the study group (91.67%) than in the control group (71.67%, P<0.01). There was 95.00% operation success in the study group, relative to 68.33% success in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Microsurgical scleral drainage and trabeculectomy combined with scleral flap adjustable suture technique has better curative effect on primary glaucoma than compound trabeculectomy. Moreover, it does not exacerbate complications. Therefore, the combination treatment technique merits clinical application. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1439 How to cite this:Xiahou L, Liu C, Zhou W, Yang S. Microsurgical scleral drainage and trabeculectomy-scleral flap adjustable suture combination technique in the treatment of primary glaucoma. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1439 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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