scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Bilateral Filter and its Variants for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Bobbinpreet Kaur ◽  
Ayush Dogra ◽  
Bhawna Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gaussian Noise ◽  
Bilateral Filter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Denoising Method ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Bilateral Filters ◽  
Different Altitudes ◽  
Made In

Background: With the increase in research in the direction of making images noise free a number of algorithms have been designed. Methods: The choice of Denoising method will be made in such a way that it reduces or removes noise content on one hand and on the other hand it preserves the information content of the image. Our article focuses on analyzing the performance of bilateral filters and its derivatives for Denoising of MRI images. Results: The bilateral filter is a hybridized version of basic range filtering and domain filtering techniques. Conclusion: A comparative review of these filters is presented for MRI images taking different altitudes of Gaussian noise added to the image.

scholarly journals Pathobiological and Radiological Approach For Hepatocellular Carcinoma Subclassification

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Vasuri ◽  
Matteo Renzulli ◽  
Silvia Fittipaldi ◽  
Stefano Brocchi ◽  
Alfredo Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Histopathological Evaluation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Made In

Abstract Many advances have been made in the imaging diagnosis and in the histopathological evaluation of HCC. However, the classic imaging and histopathological features of HCC are still inadequate to define patient’s prognosis. We aimed to find the link between new proposed morphovascular patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features to identify pre-operatory markers of biologically aggressive HCC. Thirty-nine liver nodules in 22 patients were consecutively identified. Histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry for CD34 and Nestin were performed to identify the four different HCC morphovascular patterns. MRI was performed using gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid. Three out of four morphovascular HCC patterns showed peculiar MRI features: in particular Pattern D (solid aggressive HCCs with CD34+/Nestin+ new-formed arteries) were isointense on T1-WI in 83% of cases and hyperintense on T2-WI in 50%. Five histologically-diagnosed HCC were diagnosed as non-malignant nodules on MRI due to their early vascularization and low aggressiveness (Pattern A). The comparison between histology and MRI confirms that a subclassification of HCC is possible in a pre-operatory setting. MRI seems to reinforce once more the identity of the different morphovascular HCC patterns and the possibility to pre-operatively identify HCCs with features of biological aggressiveness.

scholarly journals Alternating flexed-extended posturing in progressive supranuclear palsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Ishii ◽  
Hitoshi Mochizuki
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

A 69-year-old man who had been bedridden in nursing home because of a 5-year history of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) was admitted due to aspiration pneumonia. Besides neck dystonia in extension, he showed “alternating flexed–extended posturing”, in which the arm was flexed on one side and extended on the other. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed global cerebral atrophy that predominantly affected the cortex and midbrain. The mechanisms of complex posturing in late-stage PSP may sometimes be related to decortication and decerebration as well as dystonia, and “alternating flexed–extended posturing” might be one of the phenotypes of pathological progression in PSP.

Magnetic resonance imaging comes of age

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Razavi ◽  
Edward Baker
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques ◽  
Made In

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE heart started in the 1970's, over the subsequent 25 years, enormous advances have been made in both the hardware and software of magnetic resonance imaging machines so that we can now obtain fast, detailed and accurate images of the heart and great vessels. In chronological terms, therefore, we can say that cardiac magnetic resonance imaging has come of age. In this article we will highlight some of the clinical applications of different magnetic resonance imaging techniques, as well as some recent developments. We will demonstrate that, in clinical investigation of congenital heart disease, magnetic resonance imaging has truly come of age.

Intrachiasmatic craniopharyngioma: a rare cause of chiasmal thickening

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Brodsky ◽  
William F. Hoyt ◽  
Stanley L. Barnwell ◽  
Charles B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lamina Terminalis ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Central Scotoma ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Anterior Extension ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors describe the case of a young man who presented with a central scotoma in one eye and a temporal hemianopsia in the other. Magnetic resonance imaging showed distinctive bilobed thickening of the chiasm and a “potbelly” expansion of the contiguous optic nerves. The distal portions of the intracranial optic nerves appeared normal. At craniotomy, incision of the lamina terminalis exposed intraventricular craniopharyngioma with anterior extension into the chiasm and proximal optic nerves. Partial resection of the tumor restored normal vision.

Technology Assessment in Different Nations and Lessons from a Cross-Sectional Survey of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Diffusion

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Made In

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a rapidly evolving medical technology which has become widely diffused before comprehensive assessment of its safety, efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and relative cost-effectiveness compared with diagnostic modalities that it seems most likely to replace could be made. In early 1982 there were fewer than ten units worldwide. In August 1984, there were about 150 units and the figure will be closer to 300 by the end of 1985.

scholarly journals EEG Patterns in Patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Elia ◽  
Irene Rutigliano ◽  
Michele Sacco ◽  
Simona Madeo ◽  
Malgorzata Wasniewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Genetic ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Interictal Eeg ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare disease determined by the loss of the paternal copy of the 15q11-q13 region, characterized by hypotonia, hyperphagia and obesity, short stature, hypogonadism, craniofacial dysmorphisms, cognitive and behavioral disturbances. The aims of this retrospective study were to analyze interictal EEG findings in a group of PWS patients and to correlate them with genetic, clinical and neuroimaging data. Demographic, clinical, genetic, EEG, and neuroimaging data about seventy-four patients were collected. Associations between the presence of EEG paroxysmal abnormalities, genotype, clinical and neuroimaging features were investigated. Four patients (5.4%) presented a drug-sensitive epilepsy. Interictal EEG paroxysmal abnormalities, focal or multifocal, were present in 25.7% of the cases, and normalization of EEG occurred in about 25% of the cases. In 63.2% of the cases paroxysmal abnormalities were localized over the middle-posterior regions bilaterally. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 39 patients (abnormal in 59%). No relevant associations were found between EEG paroxysmal abnormalities and all the other variables considered. Interictal EEG paroxysmal abnormalities, in particular with a bilateral middle-posterior localization, could represent an important neurological feature of PWS not associated with genotype, cognitive or behavior endophenotypes, MRI anomalies, or prognosis.

scholarly journals Funkciono MR snimanje u detekciji elokventnih mozdanih zona

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.B. Sveljo ◽  
K.M. Koprivek ◽  
M.A. Lucic ◽  
Z. Markovic ◽  
M. Prvulovic
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Eloquent Areas ◽  
The Brain

Functional magnetic resonance imaging - fMRI is a relative new magnetic resonance technique that may be used for identification of eloquent cortical areas. Gold standard for detection of eloquent areas that should be preserved subsequent to resection is a direct cortical stimulation, which is invasive and frequently difficult to be performed. On the other hand, fMRI has proved to be a promising alternative with good time and spatial resolution. The paper explains the method of the functional MR imagining, origins of the signal and its relation to the neuronal activation. fMRI technique is illustrated by the example of the motor cortex identification. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging - fMRI is a relatively new MR application that can be used for detection of eloquent areas of the brain. The gold standard for identifying eloquent areas of the brain to be avoided in resections is direct cortical stimulation, which is an invasive and difficult procedure. On the other hand fMRI shows great promise as noninvasive alternative to invasive brain mapping with good temporal and spatial resolution. This paper introduces the technique of fMRI, explain the origin of the signal and his connections with neural activations. An illustrative example of a motor activation study is described.

Clinical Management of Medial Patellar Plica Syndrome: Mini Review from Diagnosis to Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Hassan Zmerly ◽  
Ibrahim Akkawi ◽  
Roberto Citarella ◽  
Marwan E. Ghoch
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Joint Line ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Plica Syndrome ◽  
Synovial Plicae ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Secondary Causes

: Synovial plicae are thickenings of the synovial knee membrane; they are very frequent and often asymptomatic. However, they can become symptomatic due to idiopathic or secondary causes, like trauma and inflammation of the synovial tissue. Currently, synovial plicae are classified as infrapatellar, mediopatellar and suprapatellar. The prevalence of the mediopatellar plica over the other forms of plicae varies between 18% and 60%. The most reported symptom of the mediopatellar plica is pain located medial to the patella above the joint line. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most useful examination to highlight the presence of the plica, its measurement and exact location. The treatment is initially conservative, i.e. medical treatment and physiotherapy, however when these fail, the plica should be removed surgically via arthroscopy. : In the current paper, we aim to report our clinical experience in the management of medial patellar plica syndrome by describing the clinical presentation and diagnosis of this condition as well as its treatment.

Optimization of Active Shimming for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnet

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 752-755
Author(s):  
Li Hui Guo ◽  
Wen Hui Yang ◽  
Xiao Fei You ◽  
Shu Feng Wei
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Iterative Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Simulation Results

An iterative method of active shimming has been presented, which is based on the Laplaces Spherical Harmonics and the least square theory. This approach makes the inhomogeneity of magnetic field to acceptable restriction. With analysis of the method, this paper gives the computer-aided program. The simulation results approve that the method is feasible and valid. Because of its simple and easy to implements, this approach can also be used for the shimming of the other magnets such as the nuclear magnetic resonance magnets.

Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the effects of angling-induced barotrauma on rockfish (Sebastes)

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1245-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie L. Rogers ◽  
Christopher G. Lowe ◽  
Esteban Fernández-Juricic ◽  
Lawrence R. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Swim Bladder ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The physical consequences of barotrauma on the economically important rockfish ( Sebastes ) were evaluated with a novel method using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in combination with image segmentation and analysis. For this pilot study, two fishes were captured on hook-and-line from 100 m, euthanized, and scanned in a 3 Tesla human MRI scanner. Analyses were made on each fish, one exhibiting swim bladder overinflation and exophthalmia and the other showing low to moderate swim bladder overinflation. Air space volumes in the body were quantified using image segmentation techniques that allow definition of individual anatomical regions in the three-dimensional MRIs. The individual exhibiting the most severe signs of barotrauma revealed the first observation of a gas-filled orbital space behind the eyes, which was not observable by gross dissection. Severe exophthalmia resulted in extreme stretching of the optic nerves, which was clearly validated with dissections and not seen in the other individual. Expanding gas from swim bladder overinflation must leak from the swim bladder, rupture the peritoneum, and enter the cranium. This MRI method of evaluating rockfish following rapid decompression is useful for quantifying the magnitude of internal barotrauma associated with decompression and complementing studies on the effects of capture and discard mortality of rockfishes.

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