scholarly journals Effects of a 2-Year Supervised Exercise Program Upon the Body Composition and Muscular Performance of HIV-Infected Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena da Silva Paes ◽  
Juliana Pereira Borges ◽  
Fernanda Monteiro dos Santos ◽  
Taciana Pinto de Oliveira ◽  
Jaciara Gomes Dupin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Body ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Supervised Exercise Program ◽  
Total Muscle

Background :There is a lack of research investigating long-term effects of exercise training upon the body composition and muscle function in HIV-infected patients (PHIV). The study investigated the influence of a 2-year supervised exercise program on body composition and strength of PHIV under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).Methods :A training program including aerobic, strength and flexibility exercises was performed by 27 PHIV (17 men/ 10 women; age: 48.7±7.0 years; HAART: 150.7±65.3 months) during 1 year and 18 PHIV (10 men/ 8 women; age: 50.6±5.2 years; HAART: 176.6±53.1 months) during 2 years. Body composition and knee isokinetic strength were assessed at baseline and at the end of each year of intervention.Results :Body composition remained stable along the whole experimentvsbaseline (1-year- total muscle mass: Δ men=1.1%,P=0.21; Δ women=1.4%,P=0.06; trunk fat: Δ men=-0.1%,P=0.65; Δ women=-1.5%,P=0.45;2 years- total muscle mass: Δ men=2.7%,P=0.54; Δ women=-1.9%,P=0.71; trunk fat: Δ men=4.4%,P=0.96; Δ women=10.0%,P=0.30). After 1-year, peak torque increased in men (Δ extension=4.2%,P=0.01; Δ flexion=12.2%,P=0.04) and total work reduced in women (Δ extension=-15.4%,P=0.01, Δ flexion=-17.5%,P=0.05). All strength markers remained stablevsbaseline after 2 years of intervention (P>0.05). Only men showed significant reduction in the risk of disability due to sarcopenia (P=0.05) after 1 year of intervention, which remained stable after 2 years.Conclusion :Long-term exercise training preserved strength and muscle mass in PHIV under HAART. Exercise programs should be part of HIV therapy to prevent sarcopenia of this population along the years.Trial Registration :ACTRN12610000683033; UTN U1111-1116-4416.

Implementation of a Physician-Prescribed Exercise Program As Standard of Care in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant (SCT) Patients (pts) in British Columbia: A Pilot Study

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 3603-3603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina S. Gerrie ◽  
Pamela Plantinga ◽  
Kei Nishikawa ◽  
Stanley Hung ◽  
Jennifer Kadgien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Supervised Exercise Program

Abstract Background: There is compelling evidence that physical activity positively influences quality of life (QoL), and health-related outcomes including improved muscle mass and physical functioning in cancer pts. SCT pts however have unique barriers to exercise including isolation, restriction of activities, and treatment toxicity. In the early post SCT period, pts describe worsening fatigue, physical capacity and QoL. We sought to determine whether a partially supervised exercise intervention early post SCT would address these issues. Our primary objective was to determine the feasibility of delivering such an intervention at our institution. Secondary objectives were to assess changes as a result of the intervention in QoL, muscle mass and physical functioning. Methods: From Aug 2015-Jun 2016, we conducted a prospective single-arm study to evaluate feasibility of a 12 week partially supervised exercise program (1 supervised, 2 unsupervised sessions/week) for alloSCT pts with hematologic malignancies. The program consisted of 3 progressive endurance (stationary bike, walking) and 2 resistance training sessions/week, from hospital discharge (D/C) to Day (D) 100. Feasibility was defined as ability to recruit >65% of eligible pts, ≥70% retention and ≥70% adherence. Secondary outcomes were measured pre SCT (T0), at D/C (T1) and D100 (T2) and included QoL, muscle strength, mobility, aerobic fitness and body composition. Changes from T0 to T1 and T1 to T2 were compared using a paired sample t-test. Results: Of 43 consecutive alloSCT pts assessed for eligibility, 30 (70%) entered the study: 17 male (57%), median age 48 yrs (range 19-66 yrs). Transplants characteristics were: related 6; unrelated 24; myeloablative 23; reduced intensity 7. At baseline, SCT comorbidity index was 0 in 43%, 1-2 37%, ≥ 3 20%. Pts self-reported exercising enough to break a sweat (Godin et al) never 60%, sometimes 33%, often 7%. Median hospitalization was 29d (range 15-141); 9 pts developed grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (skin 7, gut 5, liver 1). Overall retention to D100 was 80% (Figure 1). Two pts had complications during hospitalization and did not enter the program. Of the 24 pts who entered the program, adherence was 72% for supervised and 89% for unsupervised sessions. Logistics with scheduling around multiple medical appointments in the early post SCT period were the most common reasons for non-adherence. Other reasons included nausea, fatigue and weakness. One pt developed exercise-induced atrial fibrillation in week 3 requiring cessation of exercise. When comparing secondary outcomes from T0 to T1 (Table 1), pts had significantly decreased muscle strength (grip strength, 30-second chair stand), mobility (timed up-and-go [TUG]) and aerobic capacity (6-min walk test [6MWT]). At T2 after completion of the program, these measures all increased significantly when compared to T1. Global QoL scores on the EORTC measure decreased from T0 to T1 (P=.011) and were significantly improved by T2 (P<.001). Similar trends were seen across functional and symptom measure scales. Body composition comparisons between T0 and T2 demonstrated a trend towards increased appendicular lean mass (P<.059). Conclusion: Results of this pilot study demonstrate feasibility of a partially supervised exercise program post-alloSCT deemed by achieving the target recruitment rate, ≥70% adherence and ≥70% retention. Logistics were the most common reason for non-adherence, highlighting need for a multidisciplinary team with knowledge of the post SCT setting. Prior observational studies have shown significant declines in physical functioning and QoL within the first 100 days of SCT. In contrast we demonstrate significant improvements in these measures. Furthermore, we demonstrate a trend towards increased lean muscle mass, which is a novel secondary outcome that warrants further evaluation in this setting. Our findings support the need for this clinical intervention and will be evaluated in a larger randomized trial. Disclosures Gerrie: Roche Canada: Research Funding. Plantinga:BCCA: Employment. Broady:Lotte & John Hecht Memorial Foundation: Research Funding.

Women Have Lower Mortality Than Men After Attending a Long-Term Medically Supervised Exercise Program

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Grüne de Souza e Silva ◽  
Fabio Akio Nishijuka ◽  
Claudia Lucia Barros de Castro ◽  
João Felipe Franca ◽  
Jonathan Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Supervised Exercise Program

A 5-Year Follow-Up of The Benefits of an Exercise Training Program in Liver Recipients Transplanted Due to Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-337
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Tomás ◽  
Xavier Melo ◽  
Élia Mateus ◽  
Mafalda Gonçalves ◽  
Eduardo Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Normal Activity ◽  
Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Walking Capacity ◽  
And Function

Background: Supervised (SE) and home-based exercise (HBE) training regimes are effective on reconditioning patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) after liver transplantation, but research of the long-term retention of the benefits attained in patients with FAP has not yet been conducted. Purpose: In this 5-year follow-up study, we aimed to determine whether the exercise training gains in body composition, physical activity, and function promoted by a 24-week SE or HBE training regimes are retained in patients with FAP who resume normal activity. Methodology: Sixteen liver-transplanted patients with FAP were reassessed for body composition (dual X-ray absorptiometry), physical activity (questionnaire), and function (handgrip strength and 6-minute walk test). Results: Total body fat increased with both exercise regimes during follow-up ( P < .05; η2 = 0.432-0.625) as well as femoral neck bone density ( P = .048; η2 = 0.119). However, gains in upper limbs muscle quality during follow-up ( P < .001; η2 = 0.597) were only found in the SE group ( P = .042; η2 = 0.245). Both exercise regimes showed retaining aptitudes in walking capacity ( P < .05; η2 = 0.329-0.460) and muscle mass ( P = .05; η2 = 0.245). Still, none could retain the physical activity levels. Conclusion: Long-term resumption of normal activity following a 24-week SE or HBE regime in patients with FAP resulted in loss of exercise induced increases in physical activity but counterweighted postoperative losses in bone mineral density and substantially retained the benefits in walking capacity, muscle mass, and quality, in particular, in the SE group.

scholarly journals Physical ability in bariatric patients - improvement needed by supervised and individual approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Tadeja Pintar ◽  
Tanja Carli ◽  
Uroš Godnov ◽  
Niko Kaliterna ◽  
Iztok Štotl
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Nutritional Counseling ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Motivational Support ◽  
Bariatric Patients ◽  
Supervised Exercise Program

Introduction: Physical activity (PA), exercise, and lifestyle intervention are basic interventions to reduce short- and long-term surgical and non-surgical complications in bariatric patients. The purpose of our study was, first, to evaluate the importance of individualized, professionally guided training, encouraging PA, and subsequent positive effects of physical ability and body composition following a structured and supervised exercise program. Methods: A total of 11 morbidly obese male (n = 4) and female (n = 7), aged 30–54 years, previously subjected to bariatric surgery, were recruited and subjected to 10-weeks structured and supervised exercise protocol with nutritional counseling and motivational support, consisting of twice weekly aquatic and outdoors training sessions. The same protocol was applied to the control group but without supervision, counseling and support. Blood analyses, basic anthropometric measures, body composition analyses, and physical fitness tests were performed before and after the exercise protocol. Results: The weight, body fat, BMI, systolic and diastolic pressures were mildly decreased after the exercise program, while sit-to-stand, handgrip, and one leg stance scores showed mild increase after the exercise program. Conclusion: Obese bariatric surgery patients may benefit from structured, supervised exercise program with nutritional counseling and motivational support. Further studies with larger number of participants are needed to confirm the results.

scholarly journals Isolated Soy Protein Supplementation and Exercise Improve Fatigue-Related Biomarker Levels and Bone Strength in Ovariectomized Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Li Lin ◽  
Mon-Chien Lee ◽  
Yi-Ju Hsu ◽  
Wen-Ching Huang ◽  
Chi-Chang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Isolated Soy Protein

Isolated soy protein (ISP) is a well-known supplement and has been reported to improve health, exercise performance, body composition, and energy utilization. ISP exhibits multifunctional bioactivities and also contains branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which have been confirmed to positively affect body weight (BW) regulation and muscle protein synthesis. The combined effects of BCAA supplements and exercise in older postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity have been inadequately investigated. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the potential beneficial effects of soy protein supplementation and exercise training on postmenopausal mice. Forty mice (14 weeks old) with ovariectomy-induced osteosarcopenic obesity were divided into five groups (n = 8), namely sham ovariectomy (OVX, control), OVX, OVX with ISP supplementation (OVX+ISP), OVX with exercise training (ET, OVX+ET), and OVX with ISP and ET (OVX+ISP+ET). The mice received a vehicle or soy protein (3.8 g/kg BW) by oral gavage for four weeks, and the exercise performance (forelimb grip strength and exhaustive swimming time) was evaluated. In the biochemical profiles, we evaluated the serum glucose level and tissue damage markers, such as lactate, ammonia, glucose, blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine phosphate kinase (CPK). The body composition was determined by evaluating bone stiffness and muscle mass. All data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance. The physical performance of the OVX+ISP+ET group did not differ from that of the other groups. The OVX+ISP+ET group exhibited lower levels of serum lactate, ammonia, CPK, and BUN as well as economized glucose metabolism after an acute exercise challenge. The OVX+ISP+ET group also exhibited higher muscle mass and bone strength than the OVX group. Our study demonstrated that a combination of ISP supplementation and exercise reduced fatigue and improved bone function in OVX mice.

scholarly journals Impact of a 12-week supervised exercise program on weight loss trajectory, daily physical activity levels and sedentary behaviors after bariatric surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Lemieux-Simard ◽  
M Pettigrew ◽  
A Auclair ◽  
M E Piche ◽  
L Biertho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Exercise Training Program ◽  
Supervised Exercise Program

Abstract Background The evidence suggests that physical activity (PA) following bariatric surgery can enhance weight loss and other metabolic outcomes. However, most individuals with severe obesity are insufficiently active, and without support, fail to make substantial increases in their daily PA levels postoperatively. Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a 12-week supervised exercise program on daily PA levels, sedentary time, and on maintenance of the weight loss trajectory following bariatric surgery. Methods Fifty-nine individuals with severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥40 or ≥35 kg/m2 with comorbidities) eligible for bariatric surgery were randomly assigned (1:2) to either standard of care (CG, n=19) or a 12-week supervised exercise program (ExG, n=40). Daily PA levels and sedentary time were assessed using an armband accelerometer worn over a 3-day period (2 week-day and 1 weekend day). Body weight, body fat and fat-free mass were assessed using bioelectrical impedance balance. The exercise training program (60 min, 3 times per week for 12 weeks) started 3 months after the bariatric surgery and was supervised by a certified clinical exercise physiologist. Daily PA levels, sedentary time and anthropometric measurements were obtained preoperatively, and at 3, 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery. Results Age of participants was 42±12 years, BMI was 46±6 kg/m2, and 76% were women. Before the exercise training program, PA parameters (daily PA levels, sedentary time and moderate to vigorous intensity PA [MVPA] were comparable between groups. Following the exercise training program, the ExG showed a significant reduction in sedentary time (753±113 to 721±88 min/day), an increase in daily PA levels (4544±1863 to 5853±3101 steps/day) and in MVPA levels (18.8±25.1 to 30.5±38.1 min/day). Further increase in daily MVPA levels were observed at the 12 months follow-up visit (p=0.05). In the standard of care group, changes in PA parameters were also comparable to those in the ExG. All anthropometric measurements indicate statistically significant changes postoperatively, after the intervention and up to 12 months follow-up (p&lt;0.001) without showing any difference between groups. Anthropometric changes up to 12 months follow-up show, respectively for CG and ExG, a total weight loss of 37.8±9.3% and 38.4±10.3%, a body fat reduction of 60.4±13.7% and 61.9±15.2% and fat-free mass loss of 16.6±5.4% and 15.1±7.9%. Conclusion This study shows that bariatric surgery candidates have low PA levels and rarely engage in MVPA. We found no additional effect to the standard of care treatment of a postoperative 12-week supervised exercise training program on weight loss trajectory, daily PA levels and sedentary behaviors. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval (IUCPQ - UL)

scholarly journals A meta-analysis on the effects of exercise training on the VO2max in children and adolescents (Meta análisis de los efectos del entrenamiento en el VO2máx en niños y adolescentes)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
Pedro Carazo-Vargas ◽  
José Moncada-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Supervised Exercise Program ◽  
Los Grupos

The chronic adaptations of the cardiovascular system to exercise training in children and adolescents yield inconclusive results, in spite of previous meta-analytic evidence. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the effectiveness of exercise training on the VO2max of children and adolescents. The studies meta-analyzed met the following inclusion criteria: a) healthy individuals, b) participants between 10 and 18 years old, c) being trained in some type of supervised exercise program, d) VO2max reported in ml·kg-1·min-1, e) the study reported before and after mean and standard deviation, f) pre-test post-test research designs, and g) the study was published in a peer-reviewed journal up to February, 2013. Thirty-four studies and 96 effect sizes (ES) were obtained. Compared to controls, experimental groups showed a significant improvement in VO2max (p < 0.01) following exercise training. The increase in VO2max was maintained regardless of the sample size characteristics and the exercise protocol. Based on the findings of this study, in order for children and adolescents to improve their VO2max, exercise training should include at least two sessions per week of > 20 minutes duration per session, performed at a moderate intensity. In summary, planned exercise training improves VO2max in children and adolescents.Key words. VO2max, aerobic power, training, children, adolescents, meta-analysis.Resumen. Las adaptaciones crónicas del sistema cardiovascular al entrenamiento físico en niños y adolescentes arrojan resultados inconcluyentes, a pesar de previa evidencia meta analítica. El objetivo de este meta-análisis fue determinar la efectividad de la práctica de ejercicio en el VO2máx de los niños y adolescentes. Los estudios meta analizados cumplieron los siguientes criterios de inclusión: a) individuos sanos, b) participantes entre 10 y 18 años de edad, c) entrenados en algún tipo de programa de ejercicio supervisado, d) VO2máx reportado en ml•kg-1•min-1, e) se contara con desviación estándar antes y después del experimento, f) diseños de investigación con pre-test y post-test, y g) estudio publicado en una revista revisada por pares hasta febrero de 2013. Se obtuvieron treinta y cuatro estudios y 96 tamaños del efecto (ES). En comparación con los controles, los grupos experimentales mostraron una mejora significativa en el VO2máx (p < 0.01) después del entrenamiento de ejercicio físico. El aumento en el VO2máx se mantuvo independientemente de las características de tamaño de la muestra y el protocolo de ejercicio. Con base en los hallazgos de este estudio, a fin de que los niños y adolescentes puedan mejorar su VO2máx, el entrenamiento debe incluir por lo menos dos sesiones por semana > 20 min de duración por sesión, realizados a una intensidad moderada. En resumen, el entrenamiento planificado mejora VO2máx en niños y adolescentes.Palabras claves. VO2máx, potencia aeróbica, entrenamiento, niños, adolescentes, meta análisis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document