scholarly journals Muscle Mass and Training Status Do Not Affect the Maximum Number of Repetitions in Different Upper-Body Resistance Exercises

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ferrari ◽  
Gabriela Kothe ◽  
Martim Bottaro ◽  
Eduardo Lusa Cadore ◽  
Luiz Fernando Martins Kruel
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Movement Velocity ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Data investigating the factors that influence the relationship between different percentages of one repetition maximum (1RM) and the maximum number of repetitions (RM’s) performed are scarce when the movement velocity of each repetition is controlled during the RM’s test. Objective: To evaluate the RM’s performed at 60, 75, and 90% of 1RM in 4 different upper-body free weight exercises: bench press, barbell triceps extension, unilateral dumbbell elbow flexion, unilateral bent knee dumbbell row. Method: Thirty participants, 15 trained (T) and 15 untrained (UT) men, volunteered to participate in this study and attended six separate occasions, each separated by at least 48 h. In the first three sessions, familiarization and 1RM tests were evaluated. The last three sessions were designed to assess the performance of the RM’s at 60%, 75%, and 90% 1RM. The exercise order and intensities performed in each session were randomized. Muscle action velocity for each repetition was controlled by an electronic metronome. Results: There was no significant difference between T and UT in any of the exercises at a given exercise intensity. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the number of repetitions performed when exercises with different muscle mass (i.e., bench press vs. triceps extension, and dumbbell row vs. elbow flexion) at different intensities (i.e., 60%, 75%, and 90%) were compared. Conclusion: Using the same percentage of 1RM, the participants performed a similar number of repetitions in the four free weight upper-body exercises evaluated.

scholarly journals Effects of Single versus Multiple Bouts of Resistance Training on Maximal Strength and Anaerobic Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Shiau ◽  
Te Hung Tsao ◽  
Chang Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Maximal Strength ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Before And After

Abstract This study examined the effects of one single bout daily versus triple bouts of resistance exercise for 12 weeks on muscular strength and anaerobic performance of the upper body. Twenty young male adults (age: 22.0 ± 1.0 years, bench press: 44.0 ± 10.3 kg) were randomly assigned to a single bout (SB) or triple bouts (TB) of resistance exercise group. Maximal strength and anaerobic performance of the upper body using the bench press (one-repetition maximum) and the modified 30 s Wingate test were determined before and after the intervention. Additionally, changes in lactate levels before and after the Wingate test were measured. Although the SB and TB groups showed a significant increase in maximal strength (post-intervention, SB: 67.2 ± 9.2 and TB: 67.6 ± 7.6 kg, respectively) compared with the values at pre-intervention (SB: 44.6 ± 11.4 and TB: 43.9 ± 8.7 kg, respectively), there was no significant difference for this variable between the two groups post-intervention (p > 0.05). The anaerobic performance of the upper body in the SB and TB groups also displayed improvements without significant difference between the two groups after the completion of different training regimes. On the basis of the same training volume, multiple bouts of resistance training showed similar improvements in maximal strength and anaerobic performance to one bout of resistance training in young adult men without prior experience in resistance training

Hypotensive Effect After Traditional Set Versus Agonist-antagonist Paired Sets For Upper-Body Resistance Exercises

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 816-817
Author(s):  
Gabriel A. Paz ◽  
Marianna de Freitas Maia ◽  
Vicente Pinheiro Lima ◽  
Humberto Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Resistance Exercises ◽  
Body Resistance

The effects of adding single-joint exercises to a multi-joint exercise resistance training program on upper body muscle strength and size in trained men

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 822-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Silvestre de França ◽  
Paulo Alexandre Nordeste Branco ◽  
Dilmar Pinto Guedes Junior ◽  
Paulo Gentil ◽  
James Steele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Elbow Flexors ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elbow Flexors And Extensors

The aim of this study was compare changes in upper body muscle strength and size in trained men performing resistance training (RT) programs involving multi-joint plus single-joint (MJ+SJ) or only multi-joint (MJ) exercises. Twenty young men with at least 2 years of experience in RT were randomized in 2 groups: MJ+SJ (n = 10; age, 27.7 ± 6.6 years) and MJ (n = 10; age, 29.4 ± 4.6 years). Both groups trained for 8 weeks following a linear periodization model. Measures of elbow flexors and extensors 1-repetition maximum (1RM), flexed arm circumference (FAC), and arm muscle circumference (AMC) were taken pre- and post-training period. Both groups significantly increased 1RM for elbow flexion (4.99% and 6.42% for MJ and MJ+SJ, respectively), extension (10.60% vs 9.79%, for MJ and MJ+SJ, respectively), FAC (1.72% vs 1.45%, for MJ and MJ+SJ, respectively), and AMC (1.33% vs 3.17% for MJ and MJ+SJ, respectively). Comparison between groups revealed no significant difference in any variable. In conclusion, 8 weeks of RT involving MJ or MJ+SJ resulted in similar alterations in muscle strength and size in trained participants. Therefore, the addition of SJ exercises to a RT program involving MJ exercises does not seem to promote additional benefits to trained men, suggesting MJ-only RT to be a time-efficient approach.

Isometric Assessment of Muscular Function: The Effect of Joint Angle

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron J. Murphy ◽  
Greg J. Wilson ◽  
John F. Pryor ◽  
Robert U. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Joint Angle ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Muscle Mechanics ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Muscular Function ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between isometric measures of muscular function at two different joint angles and dynamic performance. Thirteen experienced weight trainers performed two isometric tests in a bench press position, at elbow angles of 90 and 120°. Performance was assessed by a one repetition maximum (1-RM) bench press and a series of upper body bench press throws at loads of 15, 30, and 60% of the 1-RM load. The results clearly show that changing the joint angle from 120 to 90° improved the relationship between most of the tests and performance by more than 100%, possibly due to differences in motor unit recruitment patterns and differing muscle mechanics (e.g., length-tension), at varying joint angles. It was suggested that the best angle at which to assess isometric function may be the joint angle at which peak force is developed in the performance of interest.

scholarly journals The Addition of High-Load Resistance Exercises to a High-Intensity Functional Training Program Elicits Further Improvements in Body Composition in Trained Healthy Adults

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Georgios Posnakidis ◽  
George Aphamis ¹ ◽  
Christoforos D. Giannaki ¹ ◽  
Vassilis Mougios ◽  
Panayiotis Aristotelous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
High Load ◽  
Functional Training ◽  
Resistance Exercises

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine whether the addition of high-load resistance exercises to a high-intensity functional training (HIFT) program elicits further improvements in physical fitness-related parameters and body composition. Material & Method: Twenty recreationally active volunteers (8 male, 12 female; age, 30 ± 4 y; body mass, 65.8 ± 12.7 kg; height, 167 ± 7 cm) were randomly assigned to a HIFT-control (HIFT-C, n = 10) or HIFT-power group (HIFT-P, n = 10) and trained 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The HIFT-C protocol consisted of four rounds of an 8-exercise circuit (30:15 s work:rest, 2 min rest after round 2), which included clean-and-press jump box, TRX chest press, wall ball throws, burpees, repeated 10 m sprints, sumo squat-and-upright row (at 65% 1RM), and abdominal crunches. The HIFT-P group replaced the TRX chest press with bench chest press and the squat-and-upright row with squat at 80% 1RM. Before and after training, participants underwent evaluation of body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), vertical jump, 1RM bench press, and maximum number of abdominal crunches in 1 min. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze results. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: After 8 weeks the following parameters improved in both groups: VO2max (5.2 ± 5.4%, p = 0.003), squat jump (10.9 ± 9.8%, p < 0.001), countermovement jump (8.0 ± 6.0%, p < 0.001), bench press 1RM (18.6 ± 19.6%, p < 0.001), and body fat mass (0.82 ± 1.65 kg, p < 0.001). However, muscle mass increased only in HIFT-P (3.3 ± 2.3%, p = 0.002) and abdominal muscle endurance improved only in HIFT-C (16.2 ± 12.2%, p = 0.002). Conclusions: Short-term HIFT resulted in improvements in whole-body cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular fitness and reduction of body fat. The addition of high-load resistance exercises to a HIFT training program was well tolerated and resulted in increased muscle mass.

scholarly journals Muscle Activation in Traditional and Experimental Barbell Bench Press Exercise: A Potential New Tool for Fitness Maintenance

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Andrea Melani ◽  
Giuliana Gobbi ◽  
Daniela Galli ◽  
Cecilia Carubbi ◽  
Elena Masselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Extended Position ◽  
Lower Load

Background: The bench press exercise (BP) is commonly practiced in both recreational and professional training. The weight is lowered from a position where the elbows are at a 90° angle at the start and <90° at the end of eccentric phase, and then returned to the elbows extended position. In order to focus the exercise more on the triceps brachii (TB) rather than the pectoralis major (PM), the inter-handle distance (IHD) is decreased diminishing the involvement of the PM in favor of the TB. Purpose: To improve performance of the exercise by reducing force dissociation and transmitting 100% of the external load to the muscle tissue we propose a prototype of the barbell with a bar on which two sleeves are capable of sliding. The dynamic modifications of the IHD keep the elbow flexion angle constant at 90°. Results: Analysis of the inter-handle distance (IHD) signals of the upper body muscles showed a marked increase in muscle activity using the experimental barbell for the PM (19.5%) and for the biceps brachii (173%). Conclusions: The experimental barbell increased the muscle activity typical of the bench press exercise, obtaining the same training induction with a lower load and consequently preventing articular stress.

scholarly journals The Impact of an Assistive Pole, Seat Configuration, and Strength in Paralympic Seated Throwing

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 977-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alysha Hyde ◽  
Luke Hogarth ◽  
Mark Sayers ◽  
Emma Beckman ◽  
Mark J. Connick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Wheelchair Rugby ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Trunk Strength

Purpose:To quantify the influence of the assistive pole, seat configuration, and upper-body and trunk strength on seated-throwing performance in athletes with a spinal-cord injury (SCI).Methods:Ten Paralympic athletes competing in wheelchair rugby, basketball, or athletics (seated throws) participated in 2 randomized sessions: seated throwing and strength tests. Participants threw a club from a custom-built throwing chair, with and without a pole. 3D kinematic data were collected (150 Hz) for both conditions using standardized and self-selected seat configurations. Dominant and nondominant grip strength were measured using a dynamometer, and upper-body and trunk strength were measured using isometric contractions against a load cell.Results:Seated throwing with an assistive pole resulted in significantly higher hand speed at release than throwing without a pole (pole = 6.0 ± 1.5 m/s, no pole = 5.3 ± 1.5 m/s; P = .02). There was no significant difference in hand speed at release between standardized and self-selected seating configurations during seated throwing with or without an assistive pole. Grip strength (r = .59–.77), push/pull synergy (r = .81–.84), and trunk-flexion (r = .50–.58) strength measures showed large and significant correlations with hand speed at release during seated throwing with and without an assistive pole.Conclusions:This study has demonstrated the importance of the pole for SCI athletes in seated throwing and defined the relationship between strength and seated-throwing performance, allowing us to better understand the activity of seated throws and provide measures for assessing strength that may be valid for evidence-based classification.

scholarly journals Acute effects of dropsets among different resistance training methods in upper body performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Melibeu Bentes ◽  
Roberto Simão ◽  
Travis Bunker ◽  
Matthew R. Rhea ◽  
Humberto Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Consent Form ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exhaustion Method

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the influence of including dropset exercises in different orders, both inthe pre-exhaustion, as in the post-exhaustion method, and to analyze the performance of total work on the bench pressand chest flying exercise. Twenty-two male volunteers with a recreational experience in ST were evaluated in six visitsin non-consecutive days, at approximately the same time of the day. During the first visit, subjects signed an informedconsent form and underwent an anthropometric evaluation and testing of 10RM. The second visit involved a re-test of10RM. From third to sixth visits, the subjects were randomly grouped into the following experimental situations: 3rdVisit (V3 - Post-exhaustion): Bench Press (dropset) + Chest Flying (10RM); 4th visit (V4 - Post-exhaustion): BenchPress (10RM) + Chest Flying (dropset); 5th Visit (V5 - pre-exhaustion): Chest Flying (dropset) + Bench Press (10RM);6th Visit (V6 - pre-exhaustion): Chest Flying (10RM) + Bench Press (dropset). The protocol of dropset was performedwith 3 sets and no rest intervals 10RM + 80% 10RM + 60% 10RM. An interval between sets was adopted for 2minutes. The primary results showed a significant difference in Total Work for visits V3 and V6, which was included inthe dropset multiarticular exercises. These results suggest that the exercise order with the dropset method in the preexhaustionor post-exhaustion methods had an acute influence on Total Work.

The Influence of Upper-Body Strength on Flat-Water Sprint Kayak Performance in Elite Athletes

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. McKean ◽  
Brendan J. Burkett
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Upper Body Strength ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Times ◽  
The Relationship

Dry-land strength training is a fundamental component for elite kayak performance. The aims of this research were 3-fold: 1st, to determine the relationship between performance time and strength scores for elite kayakers; 2nd, to identify how strength changes (gains or losses) over 3 training y relate with changes in performance time for elite kayakers; and 3rd, to compare the progression in performance times for elite athletes with the top 3 performers from the national championships. The performance data for 15 elite male and 10 elite female kayakers were collected over 2 y. This group was reduced to 9 men and 8 women in the 3rd and final year. There were direct and significant correlations between strength scores and performance times across the 3 y. Bench-press 1RM increased by 34.8% for men and 42.3% for women. Over the 3 seasons, mean 1000-m time decreased by approximately 4.8%, 500-m times decreased by 7.3% (women), and 200-m times decreased by 9.1%. The women’s 500-m changed from 11.9% difference from medalists to within 1.1% during the 3 y. During the 3 y of this study a change in 1-repetitionmaximum (1RM) bench press of 13% for men and 6.5% in women coincided with a change in performance times of 1%. For 1RM pull-up a change of 10% in men and 2.3% in women coincided with a change in performance times of 1%.

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