A creep-fatigue life prediction model considering multi-factor coupling effect

A creep-fatigue life prediction model based on a novel creep damage evaluation method (NCDEM) considering the multi-factor coupling effect is presented in this paper. Further, to verify the validity and practicability, the creep-fatigue life of GH4169 at 650 °C is calculated to compare with the experimental results. Ultimately, the prediction results are respectively compared with those of the creep-fatigue life prediction models based on the time fraction method (TFM), ductility exhaustion method (DEM), and strain energy density exhaustion method (SEDEM). Consequently, the prediction results are distributed in ±1.5 times dispersion band, which elucidates the creep-fatigue life prediction model proposed based on the NCDEM has the best ability.

New Ciders Made by an Exhaustion Method: An Option to Val-Orise Subproducts from the Making of Ice Ciders

Cryo-extraction (pressing of frozen apples), is one of the two freeze-enrichment systems allowed for the making of ice juices. Its ciders are often described as more complex and aromatic, however, the production yield is quite low. The Exhaustion method associated with the previous one proposes the valorisation of the discarded apple juice fractions for the making of new ciders. Three types of apple juices and three species of yeasts (S. bayanus, C6; S. cerevisiae, Levuline-CHP, and T. delbrueckii, Biodiva-TD291) have been used to evaluate the Exhaustion method. The ciders obtained were analysed for chemical and volatile composition as well as sensory characteristics. The yield (%) of the Exhaustion process ranged between 24 and 37%. The yeasts promoted the fermentation at different rates, providing ciders with alcoholic degrees between 9 and 12 (%v/v), and low volatile acidities. The yeast strain significantly influenced most of the parameters analysed, whereas the raw apple juice influenced the perception of the attributes fruity, apple and butter. Although the ciders produced by Exhaustion presented significantly lower concentrations of all the volatile compounds analysed than the corresponding ice ciders obtained by Cryo-extraction, the S. bayanus C6 and T. delbrueckii TD291 gave highly valued ciders from the sensory point of view.

Activity of Ethanol Extract of Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook in Increasing Swimming Endurance on Male Mice Using Natatory Exhaustion Method

The use of stamina-enhancing drugs is now increasingly widespread. Continuous use of stamina medication can cause side effects such as insomnia, feeling nervous and emotional. Therefore, it is necessary to look for effective drugs, relatively low side effects, and relatively cheap prices. One of them is to use natural materials such as Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook stems. This study is to find out the tonic effect extract ethanol of Tinospora crispa stem against male mice with the Natatory Exhaustion Method. This research is an experimental study with a posttest matched control group design. Tonic effect test experiments were conducted using the Natatory Exhaustion Method. Test animals as many as 25 mice were divided into 5 groups, group I, II, III has given Tinospora crispa stem ethanol extract (100,200 and 400 mg/kg body weight). Group IV was given 100 mg/kg body weight of caffeine (positive control) and group V given 25 mL/kg body weight of Carboxymethylcellulose sodium 0.5 % (negative control). Test reserved per oral for 14 days. Test showing that administration 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight of Tinospora crispa stem ethanol extract gave tonic effect on male mice. Mann-Whitney tests showed that the administration of Tinospora crispa stem ethanol extract doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight gave a tonic effect on male mice with significant value (p<0.05) compared to the administration of Carboxymethylcellulose sodium 0.5%, administration of 400 mg/kg body weight extract ethanol of Tinospora crispa stem has a tonic effect on mice which differs noticeably with the administration of caffeine 100 mg/kg body weight with significant value (p<0.05). The present investigation revealed that Tinospora crispa stem ethanol extract shows tonic effect by increasing swimming endurance on male mice.

Textiles Functionalized with ZnO Nanoparticles Obtained by Chemical and Green Synthesis Protocols: Evaluation of the Type of Textile and Resistance to UV Radiation

The study evaluates five types of commercial textiles with different cotton and polyester contents widely used in the garment industry. These textile samples have been subjected to treatment by the exhaustion method using zinc oxide nanoparticles (NP ZnO) (textile functionalization) with the aim of improving their efficiency in blocking UV radiation. The ZnO nanoparticles have been obtained by two methods: The green or also called biosynthesis (using the extract of Coriandrum sativum as an organic reducing agent), and the chemical method (using NaOH as an inorganic reducing agent). The results related to the green method show having achieved a defined geometric configuration with an average size of 97.77 nm (SD: 9.53). On the contrary, the nanostructures obtained by the chemical method show pentagonal configurations with average sizes of 113 nm (SD: 6.72). The textiles functionalized with NP ZnO obtained by biosynthesis showed a better efficiency in blocking ultraviolet radiation (UV).

Comparison of the Effects of the Cationization of Raw, Bio- and Alkali-Scoured Cotton Knitted Fabric with Different Surface Charge Density

Modification of cotton with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) has been studied extensively and can be operated by means of exhaustion, cold pad-batch, and continuous and pad-steam methods. Most of the research addresses the cationization of cotton fabric after bleaching or mercerization, or during the mercerization process. In our studies, we performed a comparison of the cationization effects on raw, enzymatic, and alkali-scoured cotton knitted fabrics applying CHPTAC according to the exhaustion method. The charge density of the cotton surface was measured using a Muetek Particle Charge Detector and a “back titration” method with polyelectrolytes. These results were compared with the nitrogen content in the samples, K/S measurements of tested samples after dyeing with anionic dye (Acid Yellow 194), and other physicochemical parameters such as weight loss, whiteness, and wettability.

Dyeing of polyester fibers with sulfur- and nitrogen-containing anthraquinone derivatives

A series of disperse dyes, 9,10-anthraquinone containing dithiocarbamate, thiourea and triazole fragments, were prepared via consecutive refunctionalization of aminoanthraquinones in our previous studies and their structures were confirmed by the 1H, 13C NMR, IR spectra, LC-MS and elemental analysis data. The obtained compounds were applied on polyester fabrics by the exhaustion method at 130?C at pH 4.0-5.0, and their dyeing properties were evaluated by color measurements, the washing fastness test and the light fastness test. Many of these dyes gave solid and level dyeings on polyester fabric with low % concentration of dye. The dyed samples displayed very good color fastnesses. The color change and staining test results were quite good with ratings of ?4-5? or above. The light fastness test results were also satisfactory for the most of the dyed samples.

Effect of Dispersion Solvent on the Deposition of PVP-Silver Nanoparticles onto DBD Plasma-Treated Polyamide 6,6 Fabric and Its Antimicrobial Efficiency

Polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles (PVP-AgNPs) dispersed in ethanol, water and water/alginate were used to functionalize untreated and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma-treated polyamide 6,6 fabric (PA66). The PVP-AgNPs dispersions were deposited onto PA66 by spray and exhaustion methods. The exhaustion method showed a higher amount of deposited AgNPs. Water and water-alginate dispersions presented similar results. Ethanol amphiphilic character showed more affinity to AgNPs and PA66 fabric, allowing better uniform surface distribution of nanoparticles. Antimicrobial effect in E. coli showed good results in all the samples obtained by exhaustion method but using spray method only the DBD plasma treated samples displayed antimicrobial activity (log reduction of 5). Despite the better distribution achieved using ethanol as a solvent, water dispersion samples with DBD plasma treatment displayed better antimicrobial activity against S. aureus bacteria in both exhaustion (log reduction of 1.9) and spray (methods log reduction of 1.6) due to the different oxidation states of PA66 surface interacting with PVP-AgNPs, as demonstrated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Spray method using the water-suspended PVP-AgNPs onto DBD plasma-treated samples is much faster, less agglomerating and uses 10 times less PVP-AgNPs dispersion than the exhaustion method to obtain an antimicrobial effect in both S. aureus and E. coli.

DEVELOPMENTOF READY-MADECLOTHING PRODUCTS WITH ROSEMARY OIL TO USE IN AROMATHERAPY

In this study, rosemary oil was obtained from Rosmarinus officinalis L. by water vapor distillation method. Microcapsules were formed in different shell and core ratio using gelatin, gum arabic and ethyl cellulose was employed as shell. Morphological features of the obtained microparticles were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bonding structures of microparticles were investigated by using Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis system (DT/TGA). The selected microcapsule formulation was transferred to the fabrics used in sports and leisure garments according to the exhaustion method. The fabrics were examined by SEM for the presence of capsules on the fabrics