Optimization of the Ratio of Sampling Rate to Quantization Level for the Reconstruction of Audio Signal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-123
Author(s):  
Md. Salim Raza ◽  
Nahid Hasan ◽  
Sayed Tonmoy Ahamed ◽  
Kazi Ghulam Mostafa ◽  
Mohammad Rabiul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Quantization Level ◽  
High Data ◽  
Reconstructed Signal ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
Digital Communication System

Background and Objective: In this research work, the basic digital communication system with frequency shift keying modulation technique has been implemented in MATLAB. Methods: The same sinusoidal signal in audio frequency range has been transmitted and reconstructed with the different number of quantization level and sampling rate, where sampling frequency has been taken according to the Nyquist theorem. It has been seen that reconstructed signal at low data rate has appeared with better resolution compared with the reconstructed signal at the high data rate. Results and Conclusion: In this regard, it is evident that the resolution of a reconstructed signal not only depends on data rate but it also depends on the ratio of sampling rate to quantization level. So it is required to optimize the ratio of sampling rate to quantization level before transmitting audio signal.

scholarly journals Compressed Detection for Pulse-Based Communications in the Terahertz Band

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Pankaj Singh ◽  
Byung-Wook Kim ◽  
Sung-Yoon Jung
Keyword(s):  
Channel Estimation ◽  
Matching Pursuit ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Hardware Complexity ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
High Data ◽  
Formidable Challenge ◽  
Reconstructed Signal ◽  
Nyquist Rate

Terahertz (THz) band (0.1-10 THz)-based electromagnetic communications are envisioned as a key technology to enable future high-data-rate short-range ultrabroadband communications. However, one of the fundamental bottlenecks is the efficiency of the analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) considering the formidable challenge of sampling the signal at the Nyquist rate eventually increasing transceiver design complexity. The Compressed sensing (CS) framework enables the successful reconstruction of sparse signals from a small set of projections onto a random vector which would lead to sub-Nyquist rate sampling. In this paper, THz band channel estimation based on the theory of CS is developed. The proposed approach exploits the fact that transmitting an ultrashort pulse through a multipath THz channel leads to a received THz signal that can be approximated by a linear combination of a few atoms from a predefined dictionary, yielding thus a sparse representation of the received signal. The fundamental idea is in the design of the dictionary of atoms that closely matches the transmitted pulse leading thus to a higher probability of CS reconstruction. The Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm is used to identify the strongest atoms in the projected signal. This reconstructed signal is subsequently used as a reference template in a correlator-based detector. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed detector is analyzed and compared with the conventional CS-based channel estimation and reconstruction approach. Extensive simulations show that, for different design parameters, our proposed detector outperforms the traditional CS-based correlator receiver for the same sampling rate leading thus to a much-reduced use of analog-to-digital resources. Moreover, the proposed detector has been shown to reduce the hardware complexity of the receiver by significantly reducing the number of parallel mixer-integration branches.

scholarly journals An Unbalanced QPSK-Based Integrated Communication-Ranging System for Distributed Spacecraft Networking

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5803
Author(s):  
Na Zhao ◽  
Qing Chang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Zhibo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Spread Spectrum ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Phase Shift Keying ◽  
Distribution Factor ◽  
High Data ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
Integrated Communication

The spacecraft tracking telemetering and command (TT&C) system plays an essential role in celestial and terrestrial networks, requiring relative ranging and communication, particularly in satellite formation flying networks and distributed spacecraft networks. To achieve precious ranging and high-data-rate communication in a Master/Slave satellite architecture, an integrated communication-ranging system (ICRS) is introduced. ICRS is based on the inter-satellite spread spectrum ranging and spread/non-spread spectrum communication modulated by unbalanced quadrature phase shift keying (UQPSK). In both uplink and downlink, the in-phase (I) branches and the quadrature (Q) branches undertake the tasks of ranging and communication, respectively. In addition, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) like signal is adopted in I branches for the sake of better ranging accuracy, and binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation is employed in Q branches for a higher data rate. Therefore, the key point of the ICRS design is the power resource allocation between two branches via the selection of a suitable power distribution factor (PWDF). Simulation results demonstrate the good performance of the proposed approach in ranging error and bit error rate (BER). In addition, a reasonable PWDF is recommended. Furthermore, the influence of clock offset is also taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Specification of downlink-fixed reference channel DL-FRC for 5G new radio technology

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
Fatima Faydhe Al-Azzwi ◽  
Ruaa Ali Khamees ◽  
Zina Abdul Lateef ◽  
Batool Faydhe Al-Azzawi
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Additive White Gaussian Noise ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
New Radio ◽  
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ◽  
Shift Keying

<p>The next generation for mobile communication is new radio (NR) that supporting air interface which referred to the fifth generation or 5G. Long term evolution (LTE), universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), and global system for mobile communication (GSM) are 5G NR predecessors, also referred to as fourth generation (4G), third generation (3G) and second generation (2G) technologies. Pseudo-noise (PN) code length and modulation technique used in the 5G technology affect the output spectrum and the payload of DL-FRC specification, in this paper quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 QAM modulation approaches tested under additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) in term of bit error rate (BER) which used with 5G technology system implemented with MATLAB-Simulink and programing and, resulting of 1672, 12296 bit/slot payload at frequency range FR1 from 450 MHz-6 GHz and 4424, 20496 bit/slot payload at frequency range FR2 from 24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz, also determining subcarrier spacing, allocated source block, duplex mode, payload bit/slot, RBW (KHz), sampling rate (MHz), the gain and the bandwidth of main, side loop where illustrated.</p>

scholarly journals HIGH DATA RATE WDM SYSTEMS-BASED GRAPHENE CARRIERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saib Thiab Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
High Data Rate ◽  
Optical Channel ◽  
Phase Shift Keying ◽  
Error Vector Magnitude ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
High Data ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
Vector Magnitude

In this paper, carrier’s generation-based graphene with applicability for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems have been produced via an illumination of graphene by 980 nm. This technique allowed for servicing of a greater number of channels in a WDM system, and the carriers were able to travel in an optical channel with high data rate. Eight carriers, having a frequency spacing (FS) of 25 GHz and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 500 MHz, were created. These generated carriers were separately modulated with eight optical quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signals and subsequently optically multiplexed and transmitted to an optical fiber channel. At the receiver side, the received signal was demultiplexed, and the performance of the system was analyzed via calculating the error vector magnitude and constellation diagram of the entire system. Opti System version 17.1 and Matlab software are used for demonstration of WDM system and carrier generation.

Development of a ROF-based System Using DQPSK through IsOWC Channel for Long Haul Data Rate Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramjot Singh ◽  
Himali Sarangal ◽  
Simrandeep Singh Thapar
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Optical Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
High Data ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
High Speed Data

Abstract In order to achieve large capacity inter-satellite communication, optical wireless communication (OWC) is emerging as a promising area of research amongst the academic and research groups. While radio over fiber (ROF) and advanced modulation technique is considered to be a key enabling technology in the development of OWC based access networks for high-speed data transmission. This paper has proposed a novel ROF based system model using OWC for long haul high data rate applications. This system is designed using differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) through inter-satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC) channel. The verification of the performance is performed at bit rates of 100 and 200 Gbps over a space distance range up to 1000 to 50000 km under different transmitted power. The simulative investigation has been carried out in terms of important parameters like BER, Q-factor and eye diagrams.

DEVELOPMENT OF BIO-IMPLANTED MICRO-SYSTEM WITH SELF-RECOVERY ASK DEMODULATOR FOR TRANSCUTANEOUS APPLICATIONS

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1450062 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAAD MUTASHAR ◽  
M. A. HANNAN ◽  
S. A. SAMAD ◽  
A. HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Clock Recovery ◽  
High Data ◽  
Binary Signal ◽  
Delay Locked Loops ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
Link Efficiency ◽  
Modulation Rate

This paper deals with the development of bio-implanted micro-system with low-power and high data rate based on amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation technique to stimulate nerves and muscles. The modified system is operated by a low-frequency band 13.56 MHz according to the industrial-scientific-medical (ISM) bands to avoid the biological tissue damage. The data rate on the demodulator side is from 1 Mb/s and up to 1.5 Mb/s depending of generating binary signal (T BIT = 1 μs or 0.5 μs) with modulation index of 13% and modulation rate 7.3%, 9% and 11%, respectively. The proposed inductive coupling link achieves 73% of link efficiency. The modified rectifier with self-threshold voltage cancellation techniques and voltage regulator without thermal protection circuit and without passive elements occupies small area that is modified to generate adequate and stable DC voltages of 1.8 V. A new ASK demodulator structure based on two comparators is developed to extract a synchronized demodulated signal with minimum error. Thereby no need for clock recovery circuit and delay-locked loops (DLL) circuits for data synchronization at 1 Mb/s and 1.250 Mb/s of speed. The system designed using OrCAD Pspice 16.2 is based on 0.35 μm technologies.

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