Microwave-assisted organo-catalyzed C-C and C-X (heteroatom) bond-forming reactions-An overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kantharaju Kamanna ◽  
Yamanappagouda Amaregouda
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Large Area ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Moisture Sensitivity ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Bond Forming ◽  
Direct Benefits ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Chemical Manufacture

: Organocatalysis defines small organic molecules exclusively containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorous atom to speed-up the chemical reactions. Researcher demonstrated large area of applications in various organic transformations catalyzed by the organocatalysts, due to their less moisture sensitivity and air, easy abundance, less polluting, not interfere with the final product and inexpensive. This highlights high demand and direct benefits in the pharmaceutical intermediate and fine chemical manufacture compared to other conventional transition metal and enzyme catalysts. This review article intends to compile literature reported application of the microwave accelerated organocatalyzed carbon-carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond formation reactions reported in the literature.

scholarly journals Aldehydes as powerful initiators for photochemical transformations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 833-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A Theodoropoulou ◽  
Nikolaos F Nikitas ◽  
Christoforos G Kokotos
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Photochemical Transformations ◽  
The Way

Photochemistry, the use of light to promote organic transformations, has been known for more than a century but only recently has revolutionized the way modern chemists are thinking. Except from transition metal-based complexes, small organic molecules have been introduced as catalysts or initiators. In this review, we summarize the potential that (aromatic or aliphatic) aldehydes have as photoinitiators. The photophysical properties and photoreactivity of benzaldehyde are initially provided, followed by applications of aldehydes as initiators for polymerization reactions. Finally, the applications to date regarding aldehydes as photoinitiators in organic synthesis are presented.

Exploration of a library of triazolothiadiazole and triazolothiadiazine compounds as a highly potent and selective family of cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibitors: design, synthesis, X-ray diffraction analysis and molecular docking studies

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (27) ◽  
pp. 21249-21267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imtiaz Khan ◽  
Syeda Mahwish Bakht ◽  
Aliya Ibrar ◽  
Saba Abbas ◽  
Shahid Hameed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
X Ray

There is a high demand for the collection of small organic molecules (especially N-heterocycles) with diversity and complexity in the process of drug discovery.

scholarly journals Redox reactions of small organic molecules using ball milling and piezoelectric materials

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (6472) ◽  
pp. 1500-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Kubota ◽  
Yadong Pang ◽  
Akira Miura ◽  
Hajime Ito
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Diazonium Salts ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Bond Forming ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Redox Activation

Over the past decade, photoredox catalysis has harnessed light energy to accelerate bond-forming reactions. We postulated that a complementary method for the redox-activation of small organic molecules in response to applied mechanical energy could be developed through the piezoelectric effect. Here, we report that agitation of piezoelectric materials via ball milling reduces aryl diazonium salts. This mechanoredox system can be applied to arylation and borylation reactions under mechanochemical conditions.

scholarly journals Organocatalysts for enantioselective synthesis of fine chemicals: definitions, trends and developments

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Palumbo
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Catalysis ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Optically Active ◽  
Enantioselective Synthesis ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Substrate Activation ◽  
High Yields

Organocatalysis, that is the use of small organic molecules to catalyse organic transformations, has been included among the most successful concepts in asymmetric catalysis and it has been used for the enantioselective construction of C-C, C-N, C-O, C-S, C-P, and C-halide bonds. Since the seminal works in early 2000, the scientific community has been paying an ever-growing attention to the use of organocatalysts for the synthesis, with high yields and remarkable stereoselectivities, of optically active fine chemicals of interest for the pharmaceutical industry. A brief overview is here presented about the two main classes of substrate activation by the catalyst: covalent organocatalysis and non-covalent organocatalysis, with a more stringent focus on some recent outcomes in the field of the latter and of hydrogen-bond-based catalysis. Finally, some successful examples of heterogenisation of organocatalysts are also discussed, in the view of a potential industrial exploitation.

scholarly journals Organocatalysts for enantioselective synthesis of fine chemicals: definitions, trends and developments

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Catalysis ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Optically Active ◽  
Enantioselective Synthesis ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Substrate Activation ◽  
High Yields

<p>Organocatalysis, that is the use of small organic molecules to catalyse organic transformations, has been included among the most successful concepts in asymmetric catalysis and it has been used for the enantioselective construction of C-C, C-N, C-O, C-S, C-P, and C-halide bonds. Since the seminal works in early 2000, the scientific community has been paying an ever-growing attention to the use of organocatalysts for the synthesis, with high yields and remarkable stereoselectivities, of optically active fine chemicals of interest for the pharmaceutical industry. A brief overview is here presented about the two main classes of substrate activation by the catalyst: covalent organocatalysis and non-covalent organocatalysis, with a more stringent focus on some recent outcomes in the field of the latter and of hydrogen-bond-based catalysis. Finally, some successful examples of heterogenisation of organocatalysts are also discussed, in the view of a potential industrial exploitation.</p>

Multicolor emission from large-area porous thin films constructed of nanowires of small organic molecules

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (50) ◽  
pp. 505703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe-Chen Wang ◽  
Wen-Chang Xiao ◽  
Xun-Lei Ding ◽  
Yan-Ping Ma ◽  
Wei Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Porous Thin Films

Oled Matrix-Displays

2003 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Metzdorf ◽  
Eike Becker ◽  
Thomas Dobbertin ◽  
Soeren Hartmann ◽  
Dirk Heithecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Active Matrix ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Color Displays ◽  
Smart Pixel

AbstractThe field of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) has matured considerably within recent years and first products are commercially available. After a brief review of the improvement of individual OLEDs we will focus on research topics for the preparation of passive matrix (PMOLED), active matrix (AMOLED) and full color displays. To date, the properties of organic matrix displays basically meet consumer product requirements. Anyhow an industrial cheap fabrication technology for reliable displays is not established yet. To meet the industrial demands for device fabrication a new horizontal in-line vacuum system for a massproduction compatible device manufacturing was installed. For material saving large area coatings the system accommodates up to 7” × 13” substrates. Different PMOLED-Displays based on vacuum deposited organic compounds have been prepared by various fabrication techniques. We demonstrate a 2 inch organic display with 24 × 32 single pixels and 0.9 × 0.9 mm2 pitch whereby cathode texture was achieved using photoresist barriers featuring a distinct undercut. Due to the inherent limitations of multiplexing and in order to satisfy the need for large area, high resolution displays the basic concepts for an active matrix addressing scheme are dealt with. In this regard transparent and electrically inverted top-side emitting diodes (IOLEDs) will be demonstrated. The latter are advantageous for the incorporation of powerful nchannel thin film transistors in the AMOLED driver backplanes. An all-organic smart pixel device comprising a single Pentacene based organic field effect transistor (OFET) and a conventional OLED was successfully prepared. Furthermore a new flash-sublimation technique for the spatially selective deposition of small organic molecules will be presented. We prepared OLEDs comprising flash-deposited Tris-(-8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminium (Alq3) and Alq3 doped with DCM2 which demonstrate the suitability of this technique for preparation of fullcolor displays based on small organic molecules.

scholarly journals Organocatalysts for enantioselective synthesis of fine chemicals: definitions, trends and developments

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Guidotti ◽  
Chiara Palumbo
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Catalysis ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Optically Active ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Covalent Interactions ◽  
Covalent Activation

Abstract Organocatalysis, that is the use of small organic molecules to catalyze organic transformations, has been included among the most successful concepts in asymmetric catalysis, and it has been used for the enantioselective construction of C–C, C–N, C–O, C–S, C–P and C–halide bonds. Since the seminal works in early 2000, the scientific community has been paying an ever-growing attention to the use of organocatalysts for the synthesis, with high yields and remarkable stereoselectivities, of optically active fine chemicals of interest for the pharmaceutical industry. A brief overview is here presented about the two main classes of organocatalysis which are respectively characterized by covalent and non-covalent activation of the substrate. More detailed information about non-covalent interactions for organocatalysis are given. Finally, some successful examples of heterogenisation of organocatalysts are also discussed, in the view of a potential industrial exploitation.

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