Is there a rendezvous for SARS-CoV-2 and Agmatine?

Coronaviruses ◽

10.2174/2666796703666220106112842 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 03 ◽

Author(s):

Nandkishor Kotagale ◽

Brijesh Taksande ◽

Nazma Inamdar

Keyword(s):

Neuromuscular Diseases ◽

Neurological Complications ◽

Nervous System Diseases ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ◽

Neurological Effects ◽

Specific Symptoms

Abstract: The catastrophe of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The respiratory system appears to be ground zero in the majority of the patients. However, many other organs can get infected by cytokines, chemokines and other mediators released in response to the presence of the virus. The neurotropism by the SARS-CoV-2 is established beyond doubt. In addition to non-specific symptoms, the symptoms specific to central and/or peripheral nervous system diseases as well as neuromuscular diseases have been observed in numerous clinical cases. These observations and the experiences with other coronavirus infections earlier and flu pandemics raise concerns not only about the neurological effects in active disease but also about the long-term effects generated by the infection, immune and inflammatory functions. The knowledge of biological actions of agmatine in the backdrop of physiological events instigated by invading SARS-CoV-2 and host’s response, especially in neural events, focuses on the possible overlaps of biomolecular pathways at a number of instances. This is not surprising since the factors stimulated during SARS-CoV-2 infection are the disease-generating neuroinflammatory components altered by agmatine. Hence, we hypothesize the possible beneficial role of agmatine in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on a narrative review of the literature, agmatine can be proposed as a plausible beneficial candidate for supporting treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection and for addressing post-infection neurological complications.

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Reshaping the Economic Structure in Argentina: The Role of External Debt during the Macri Administration (2015–2019)

Review of Radical Political Economics ◽

10.1177/0486613420976429 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 048661342097642

Author(s):

Juan E. Santarcángelo ◽

Juan Manuel Padín

Keyword(s):

External Debt ◽

Economic Structure ◽

The United States ◽

Jel Classification ◽

Financial Capital ◽

Economic Policies ◽

Right Wing ◽

Long Term Effects

Argentina’s right-wing shift in the 2015 presidential election concluded twelve years of center-left rule. The elected president, Mauricio Macri, claimed that the economy would experience normalization of existing imbalances and recover its strength in a “new political era.” However, the new administration quickly restored the dominance of neoliberal economic policies through a comprehensive set of initiatives, which centrally included the return to international financial debt and equity markets and submission to the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) rules. This article analyzes Argentina’s external-debt-growth process and discusses its objectives and long-term effects. This paper posits that the indebtedness process carried out by the Macri administration—and its modality—not only increased the relevance of financial capital in the Argentine economy but also structurally conditioned any future nonorthodox alternative path of development. This outcome cannot be understood without taking into account the deliberate role of the United States, the IMF, and the top companies that operate in Argentina, as well as the complicity of many political sectors. JEL Classification: H63, F34, F63

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Mother, baby and Facebook makes three: does social media provide social support for new mothers?

Media International Australia ◽

10.1177/1329878x18783016 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 168 (1) ◽

pp. 122-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Catherine Archer ◽

Kai-Ti Kao

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Social Media ◽

Media Use ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

New Mothers ◽

Social Media Use ◽

Extreme Stress ◽

Ability To Act

Many mothers can find themselves increasingly isolated and overwhelmed after giving birth to a new baby. This period can be a source of extreme stress, anxiety and depression, which can not only have an economic impact on national health services, but can also have long-term effects on the development of the child. At the same time, social media use among most new mothers has become ubiquitous. This research investigates the role of social media, potentially as a mechanism for social support, among Australian mothers of young children aged from birth to 4 years. The findings indicate that participants had mixed responses to their social media use. While social support was deemed a benefit, there were also some negative aspects to social media use identified. The findings highlight the need to critically interrogate social media’s ability to act as a source of social support for new mothers.

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The long-term effects of stress: role of miRNAs in the development of vulnerable and resilient phenotype

Psychoneuroendocrinology ◽

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105496 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 105496

Author(s):

M. Mazzelli ◽

N. Cattane ◽

V. Begni ◽

M. Papp ◽

M.A. Riva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Long Term Effects ◽

Effects Of Stress

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The persistent effect of banking crises on investment and the role of financial markets

Journal of Financial Economic Policy ◽

10.1108/jfep-08-2013-0035 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 64-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Felix Rioja ◽

Fernando Rios-Avila ◽

Neven Valev

Keyword(s):

Financial Markets ◽

Financial Development ◽

Banking Crisis ◽

Banking Crises ◽

Output Growth ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Content Type ◽

Negative Effect

Purpose – While the literature studying the effect of banking crises on real output growth rates has found short-lived effects, recent work has focused on the level effects showing that banking crises can reduce output below its trend for several years. This paper aims to investigate the effect of banking crises on investment finding a prolonged negative effect. Design/methodology/approach – The authors test to see whether investment declines after a banking crisis and, if it does, for how long and by how much. The paper uses data for 148 countries from 1963 to 2007. Econometrically, the authors test how banking crises episodes affect investment in future years after controlling for other potential determinants. Findings – The authors find that the investment to GDP ratio is on average about 1.7 percent lower for about eight years following a banking crisis. These results are robust after controlling for credit availability, institutional characteristics, and a host of other factors. Furthermore, the authors find that the size and duration of this adverse effect on investment varies according to the level of financial development of a country. The largest and longer-lasting decrease in investment is found in countries in a middle region of financial development, where finance plays its most important role according to theory. Originality/value – The authors contribute by finding that banking crisis can have long-term effects on investment of up to nine years. Further, the authors contribute by finding that the level of development of the country's financial markets affects the duration of this decrease in investment.

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The Long-term Effects of Instruction on EFL Learners' Use of Complaining Formulas

10.29007/5xsb ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Alicia Martínez-Flor ◽

Esther Usó-Juan

Keyword(s):

Foreign Language ◽

Language Learners ◽

Future Research ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Positive Role ◽

Efl Learners ◽

Foreign Language Learners ◽

Over Time

Studies analysing the positive role of pragmatic instruction in formal settings have increased over the last decades. Within this area of interventional pragmatics, some studies have particularly examined whether the effectiveness of the instruction implemented is sustained over time. In order to shed more light on the long-term effects of instruction, this research investigates English as a Foreign Language learners’ use of complaining formulas not only after immediately receiving instruction, but also two months later. Results show that learners keep using a variety of appropriate complaining formulas two months after having participated in the instructional period. These findings are discussed and directions for future research suggested.

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Physiological and morphological effects of climate change

Effects of Climate Change on Birds ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198824268.003.0010 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 120-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andrew E. McKechnie

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Body Mass ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Arid Zone ◽

Future Research ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Heat Events

The direct impacts of higher temperatures on birds are manifested over timescales ranging from minutes and hours to years and decades. Over short timescales, acute exposure to high temperatures can lead to hyperthermia or dehydration, which among arid-zone species occasionally causes catastrophic mortality events. Over intermediate timescales of days to weeks, high temperatures can have chronic sub-lethal effects via body mass loss or reduced nestling growth rates, negatively affecting sev eral fitness components. Long-term effects of warming manifested over years to decades involve declining body mass or changes in appendage size. Key directions for future research include elucidating the role of phenotypic plasticity and epigenetic processes in avian adaptation to climate change, examining the role of stress pathways in mediating responses to heat events, and understanding the consequences of higher temperatures for species that traverse hot regions while migrating.

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MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION AND LONG-TERM GROWTH: THE ROLE OF POLICY DESIGN

Macroeconomic Dynamics ◽

10.1017/s1365100519000488 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Philipp Harting

Keyword(s):

Policy Design ◽

Theoretical Perspective ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Agent Based ◽

Stabilization Policies ◽

Endogenous Business Cycles ◽

The Business Cycle ◽

Fiscal Stabilization

Do fiscal stabilization policies affect the long-term growth of the economy? If so, are the long-term effects growth enhancing or growth reducing? When addressing these questions from a theoretical perspective, the literature has typically emphasized the importance of structural aspects such as the modeling approach of endogenous technological change while paying less attention to an elaborate design of the considered fiscal stabilization policies. This paper uses an agent-based macroeconomic model that generates endogenous business cycles to emphasize the role of the policy design for long-term growth effects of stabilization policies. By comparing a demand-oriented consumption policy and two different investment subsidizing policies, it can be shown that these policies are successful in smoothing the business cycle but differ in terms of their effects on economic long-term growth. This highlights the importance of policy design for the analysis of long-term effects of stabilization policies.

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Long term effects of high fat diet given early in life in prenatally stressed rats: role of the inflammatory response

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.11.366 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. S225-S226

Author(s):

M. Mazzelli ◽

N. Cattane ◽

C. Mora ◽

V. Begni ◽

A. Berry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Prenatally Stressed

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Role of cyclic AMP in the action of dopaminergic D2 receptors of some endocrine glands in rats

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1007/bf01116746 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 751-755 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Abdulrahim Abu-Jayyab ◽

Ezz-Eddin S. M. El-Denshary ◽

Abdulrahman M. Ageel ◽

Mohamed Rafik Dakkak

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Cyclic Amp ◽

Adrenal Cortex ◽

D2 Receptors ◽

Endocrine Glands ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Presence And Absence

Short-term and long-term effects of bromocriptine mesylate (10 mg/kg i.p.) on cyclic AMP contents of the liver and some endocrine glands have been investigated in the presence and absence of sulpiride (10 mg/kg i.p.). Results revealed that bromocriptine caused significant elevations in the cyclic AMP contents of the liver and reduction in its adrenocortical content. Bromocriptine effect on the adrenal cortex was antagonized by sulpiride, whereas its effect on the liver was not changed. Bromocriptine did not change the, cyclic AMP content in the thyroid gland or the ovary.

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