scholarly journals Balinese sentences

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Suweta
Keyword(s):  
Single Sentence ◽  
Compound Sentence

The syntactic subsystem discusses the arrangement and arrangement of words into larger units, which are called syntactic units, namely words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and discourses. This study talks about Balinese sentences, especially about single sentences and compound sentences in Balinese. A single sentence is a sentence that has only one pattern (clause), which consists of a subject and a predicate. A compound sentence is a combination of two or more single sentences, so that the new sentence contains two or more clauses.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KALIMAT BERDASARKAN POLA KALIMAT DASAR DAN KALKULUS PREDIKAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Siti Ainim Liusti
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Predicate Calculus ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
Sentence Patterns ◽  
Basic Sentence ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Compound Sentence

This study aims to analyze the sentences based on the basic sentence patterns of Indonesian and predicate calculus. These approaches put the predicate as a core component in the sentence structure. The object of study is focused on declarative sentences of Indonesian. The data analysis consists of several stages. Basic sentence patterns of Indonesian consist of identifying the type of sentences, identifying the elements forming sentences, and putting on elements which are based on basic sentence patterns of Indonesian. Predicate calculus consists of identifying atomic or compound propositions, determining the predicate and other components, defining a form of expression predicate calculus, and making a notation function. The results showed that the basic sentence pattern analysis only identifies the internal elements in a single sentence, while the predicate calculus can as well identifies the internal elements of a single or compound sentence.

scholarly journals Konstruksi Kalimat pada Dialog Film Rumah Tanpa Jendela Karya Aditya Gumay

HUMANIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Ni Made Sri Maharani ◽  
Ni Made Sri Satyawati ◽  
I G.N.K. Putrayasa
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Formal Methods ◽  
Structure Type ◽  
Main Clause ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
Type Compound ◽  
Sentence Patterns ◽  
Compound Sentence ◽  
Emotive Meaning

The study entitled “Konstruksi Kalimat Pada Film Dialogue Rumah Tanpa Jendela karya Aditya Gumay”. The purpose of this study is to describe the structure, type, and meaning of the sentence in Film Dialogue Rumah Tanpa Jendela. The theoretical basic used in this study is structural theoryaccording to Verhaar (2012) and is supported by operational approaches in semantic cognitive, connotative,  and emotive meaning. The method and technique used to collect data in this study is the method refer to thenote taking technique. At the stage of presenting the results of data analysis, the method used is ushed. At the stage of presenting the results of data analysis informal and formal methods are used.The results of this study are foundin the structure of single sentences and compound sentences divided into two sentence patterns, namely single sentence patterns and compound sentence patterns. Single sentence pattern consist of SPO type, SPKet type, SPOKet type, SPPel type, PO type, POKet type, SP type, PS type, Pket type, and PSKet type. Compound sentence patterns consist SPKe+Pket type, SP+SPKet type, SPKet+SP type, SP+SketPO type, PKet+SPKet type, SPKet+Pket type, Konj+SP+SPO, and SP+SP type. Type of sentence based onthe nuber of clauses based on syntatic form, basedon the internal struture ofthe main clause, based on the presence or absence of changes in exclusion, based on syntactic functions.

scholarly journals Narrative testimony

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Epistemic Dependence ◽  
Single Sentence

AbstractEpistemologists of testimony have focused almost exclusively on the epistemic dynamics of simple testimony. We do sometimes testify by ways of simple, single sentence assertions. But much of our testimony is narratively structured. I argue that narrative testimony gives rise to a form of epistemic dependence that is far richer and more far reaching than the epistemic dependence characteristic of simple testimony.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR KALIMAT TUNGGAL BAHASA SINDANG DI KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU DAN PENGARUHNYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noermanzah Noermanzah
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Function Structure ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
The People ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

The objective of this research is to give the understanding about the simple sentence structure Sindang Language ini Lubuklinggau and describe the effect in Indonesian language learning process. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The result of this research shows that the simple sentence structure of Bahasa Sindang in Lubuklinggau in the form of verbal-verbed simple sentence which consists of intransitive sentence and single-transitive sentence; adjectival-verbed simple sentence, nominal-verbed simple sentence, numeral-verbed simple sentence, preposisional-verbed simple sentence, and adverbial-verbed simple sentence. Majority of the data finding is the verbal-verbed simple sentence on Sindang language and it is more used by the people who use Sindang language. Intransitive sentence has 62 sentences or 79.5%. Sentence of Sindang Language seen from the aspect of function for the type of intransitive sentence has the function structure: 1) S,P; 2) K,S,P; 3) S,P,Vokatif; 4) S,P,K; 5) P,K; 6) P,S; 7) P; 8) S,P,S, and 9) S,P,Pel. The type of single-transitive sentence has the structure function: 1) K,S,P,O,K; 2) S,P,O,Vokatif; 3) P,O,K; 4) P,O; 5) P,O,K,S; 6) S,P,O; dan 7) P,O,S.  Adjectival-verbed sentence has the structure function of structure K,S,P and P,S. Nominal-verbed simple sentence has the function structure S,P. Numeral-verbed simple sentence has the function structure P,S and S,P. Prepositional Frase-verbed simple sentence has the function structure S,P,Vocative. Then, adverbial-verbed simple sentence has the function structure S,P. The single sentence structure of the Sindang language positively influences the learning of the native speakers of the language. Keywords: simple sentence structure, Sindang language, Lubuklinggau   Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan pemahaman tentang struktur kalimat tunggal bahasa Sindang di Kota Lubuklinggau dan mendeskripsikan pengaruhnya dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di kota tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur kalimat tunggal bahasa Sindang di Kota Lubuklinggau berbentuk kalimat tunggal berpredikat verbal  yang terdiri atas kalimat intransitif dan kalimat tungggal ekatransitif; kalimat tunggal berpredikat adjektival, kalimat tunggal berpredikat nominal, kalimat tunggal berpredikat numeral, kalimat tunggal berpredikat preposisional, dan kalimat tunggal berpredikat adverbial. Sebagian besar kalimat tunggal berpredikat verbal pada bahasa Sindang lebih banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat penuturnya yaitu kalimat intransitif dengan 62 kalimat atau 79,5%. Kalimat bahasa Sindang ditinjau dari segi fungsi untuk jenis kalimat intransitif memiliki struktur fungsi: 1) S,P; 2) K,S,P; 3) S,P,Vokatif; 4) S,P,K; 5) P,K; 6) P,S; 7) P; 8) S,P,S, dan 9) S,P,Pel. Jenis kalimat ekatransitif memiliki struktur fungsi: 1) K,S,P,O,K; 2) S,P,O,Vokatif; 3) P,O,K; 4) P,O; 5) P,O,K,S; 6) S,P,O; dan 7) P,O,S. Kalimat tunggal berpredikat adjektival memiliki struktur fungsi yaitu berstruktur K,S,P dan P,S. Kalimat tunggal berpredikat nominal memiliki struktur fungsi S,P. Kalimat tunggal berpredikat numeral memiliki struktur fungsi P,S dan S,P. Kalimat tunggal berpredikat frase preposisional memiliki struktur fungsi S,P,Vokatif. Kemudian, kalimat tunggal berpredikat adverbia memiliki struktur fungsi S,P. Struktur kalimat tunggal bahasa Sindang memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia penutur asli bahasa tersebut. Kata kunci: struktur kalimat tunggal, bahasa Sindang, Lubuklinggau  

scholarly journals The Code-Switching on Facebook Profiles of Different Genders: The Case of Šalčininkai District

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-115
Author(s):  
Violeta Miliun
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Specific Domain ◽  
Electronic Discourse ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
Research Material

 This study investigates functions of code-switching based on the model proposed by René Appel and Pieter Muysken. Code-switching is an interesting sociolinguistic phenomenon characteristic to bilingual and multilingual communities. It involves the use of different languages within the boundaries of a single sentence or between sentences in one specific domain or discourse. It is an individual language choice determined by such factors as the topic, the situation, the participants of a conversation, their interrelationship, emotions, and demonstration of one or more identities. On this basis, Appel and Muysken (2005) identified six functions of code-switching: referential, directive, expressive (related to identity), phatic (metaphorical), metalinguistic and poetic. This paper sets out to achieve several goals: (a) to find out which of these functions appear in the Facebook discourse of young people originated from Šalčininkai district, (b) to identify the main types of functions in girls’ and boys’ profiles, and (c) to study the frequency of the functions with regard to the variable of gender. The research material consists of 1 048 posts and comments published in 2017–2018 and obtained from 30 Facebook profiles. The dataset represents young people aged between 20 and 30 years, with Polish as their school language. Facebook posts and comments are investigated from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. The research results show that functionally code-switching is similar in both girls’ and boys’ Facebook discourse. On the profiles of both genders, the number of functions is identical, but the frequency of these functions varies. In the datasets of both genders, the most predominant function is directive, which appears when languages change depending on the language chosen by the interlocutor. This research could be informative for sociolinguists who investigate electronic discourse of young people from South East Lithuania and for those who focus on how environment influences the emergence of different linguistic codes on Facebook. The research could also stimulate greater interest of sociolinguists in the conversational features of residents in Šalčininkai district.

scholarly journals Densely Supervised Hierarchical Policy-Value Network for Image Paragraph Generation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siying Wu ◽  
Zheng-Jun Zha ◽  
Zilei Wang ◽  
Houqiang Li ◽  
Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cross Entropy ◽  
Image Captioning ◽  
Value Network ◽  
Entropy Loss ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
Multiple State

Image paragraph generation aims to describe an image with a paragraph in natural language. Compared to image captioning with a single sentence, paragraph generation provides more expressive and fine-grained description for storytelling. Existing approaches mainly optimize paragraph generator towards minimizing word-wise cross entropy loss, which neglects linguistic hierarchy of paragraph and results in ``sparse" supervision for generator learning. In this paper, we propose a novel Densely Supervised Hierarchical Policy-Value (DHPV) network for effective paragraph generation. We design new hierarchical supervisions consisting of hierarchical rewards and values at both sentence and word levels. The joint exploration of hierarchical rewards and values provides dense supervision cues for learning effective paragraph generator. We propose a new hierarchical policy-value architecture which exploits compositionality at token-to-token and sentence-to-sentence levels simultaneously and can preserve the semantic and syntactic constituent integrity. Extensive experiments on the Stanford image-paragraph benchmark have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed DHPV approach with performance improvements over multiple state-of-the-art methods.

Automating the construction of bilingual terminology lexicons

Terminology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Word Alignment ◽  
Heuristic Methods ◽  
Sentence Pair ◽  
Terminology Extraction ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
General Methodology ◽  
Simple Heuristic ◽  
Depth Analysis

Translation is a labor intensive process. We propose a general methodology for automatic terminology extraction and alignment which could substantially reduce the translator's workload. The goal is to take advantage of existing technology in terminology extraction and statistical word alignment to automatically construct a bilingual terminology lexicon by exploiting bilingual parallel aligned corpora. This paper introduces the technology in each area and discusses some simple heuristic methods for using the output from each component to build a bilingual terminology lexicon. The process is illustrated by an in-depth analysis of a single sentence pair.

The effect of using an online-based course on the learning of grammar inductively and deductively

ReCALL ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Farhan AbuSeileek
Keyword(s):  
Complex Sentence ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Computer Based Learning ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Structure Complexity ◽  
Compound Sentence

AbstractThis study aims at exploring the effectiveness of using an online-based course on the learning of sentence types inductively and deductively. To achieve this purpose, a computer-mediated course was designed. The sample of the study consists of four groups taught under four treatments of grammar: (1) with computer-based learning inductively, (2) with computer-based learning deductively, (3) with non-computer-based learning inductively, and (4) with non-computer-based learning deductively. A pre-test/post-test design (between-subject) is used to investigate the effect of two factors: method (computer-based learning vs. non-computer-based learning) and technique (induction vs. deduction) on the students’ learning of sentence types. The results reveal a new manner of enhancing grammar learning based on the level of language structure complexity. The computer-based learning method is found to be functional for more complex and elaborate structures, like the complex sentence and compound complex sentence, and more complicated grammar structures need to be taught by means of the deductive technique. None of the inductive and deductive techniques is reported to be more practical with simple grammar structures such as the simple sentence and compound sentence.

A Literary Chestnut: Dryden's “Cousin Swift”

PMLA ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1024-1034
Author(s):  
Maurice Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
John Dryden ◽  
Samuel Johnson ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Literary Histories ◽  
The One ◽  
Fictional Truth

It is hard to think of another brief quotation in English literary history so felicitous as the one attributed to John Dryden: “Cousin Swift, you will never be a poet.” Here in a single sentence the family relationship between two great writers is established; Dryden is placed as an incisive and prophetic judge of literary worth; Swift is dramatically provided with cause for turning away from his disappointing “Pindarics” to the remarkable prose connected with his name; his somewhat over-stressed “life-long” hatred for Dryden is given its impetus. And if Dryden may be considered representative of the end of the seventeenth century and Swift of the beginning of the eighteenth century in English letters, a whole new age of prose is conveniently suggested in the eight words Dryden is supposed to have uttered. Whether or not he really did utter exactly those words—and I am quite certain that he did not—makes no great difference now: it is too late to add qualifying phrases to all the biographies, critical essays, monographs, and literary histories in which Dryden's pronouncement may be read. It has assumed a quality of fictional truth that renders it more convincing and more “true” than demonstrably authentic pronouncements could be. It is like some of the equally quotable adjudications of Samuel Johnson, chestnuts from the same tree, which also seem too suspiciously apropos to have been casually voiced, though they may have been recorded verbatim. Indeed, the eight words under consideration sound much less like Dryden than like Dr. Johnson himself; but that is a matter I will refer to later on in this paper.

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