scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics of Changes in the Duodenal Wall Within 14-56 Days of the Development of Streptozotocin-Induced Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. E2020413
Author(s):  
Ihor Bilinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Duodenal Wall ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

The objective of the research was to determine the morphological features of the duodenal wall of animals within 14-56 days of developing streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus using light optical microscopy. Materials and Methods. The research was carried out on 40 white nonlinear adult male rats. Diabetes mellitus was simulated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (Sigma, USA) at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. The material was taken from the duodenum on the 14th, 28th and the 56th days after the onset of experimental diabetes mellitus. For histological study, the preparations were made using the conventional method, which included the staining of sections with hematoxylin and eosin. Results. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus was experimentally found to lead to dystrophic changes in the epithelial components of the duodenal mucosa from the 14th day of developing. There were observed a shortening of the villi of the mucous membrane and a lack of distinctness of striated border contours on the apical surface of epitheliocytes. Between the connective-tissue fibers of the lamina propria of the mucosa and thin-walled vessels, the cellular elements, including mainly macrophages, lymphocytes, were found. There was a shortening of the villi, edema and histiolymphocytic infiltration of the villous stroma 28 days after developing experimental diabetes mellitus. The epithelium covering was discontinuous; numerous areas of desquamation were found at the apex of the villi. Fifty-six days after developing experimental diabetes mellitus, the destruction and desquamation of the epithelium of the villi and crypts were observed. The surface of the duodenal mucosa smoothed down due to the shortening and flattening of the villi (indicating their atrophy), while the crypts elongated and their depth increased. Conclusions. Histological study of the duodenal wall of diabetic animals showed pronounced desquamation at the apex of the villi, destructive and dystrophic changes in the surface epithelium, edema and increased cellular infiltration of the lamina propria of the mucosa. Thus, in diabetes mellitus, structural changes in the duodenal wall of rats are characterized by the dystrophic processes, which can be considered as the morphological reflection of enteropathy.

EFFECT OF AMINOGUANIDINE ON CATARACTOGENESIS IN EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
A. A Spasov ◽  
Yulia A. Govorova ◽  
L. V Naumehko ◽  
D. A Babkov ◽  
A. S Taran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Cataract Formation ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Nonenzymatic Glycosylation ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Nonenzymatic glycosylation of lens proteins in diabetes mellitus is one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of cataract formation. According to the results of this study, aminoguanidine, which has anti-glycation activity, inhibits cataractogenesis in experimental diabetes. Laboratory animals with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus treated with aminoguanidine showed less clouding in the lenses, and the content of advanced glycation end products, in particular, carboxymethyllysine, in the lenses was found to be reduced compared to the same parameters in animals from the control diabetic group.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of the manifestations of damage and reparative processes in the mucous membrane of the duodenum of rats under the conditions of skin burns and skin burns associated with diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
I.A. Tymoshenko ◽  
L.M. Sokurenko ◽  
A.Ya. Yanchyshyn ◽  
V.A. Pastukhova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Solution Ph

Currently, severe thermal injury is becoming one of the most important problems of practical medicine. Diabetes is also recognized as another global medical and social challenge of our century. The emergency situation for the treatment and prevention of the consequences of these pathologies is a consequence of the lack of a reliable theoretical basis for solving specific clinical problems regarding the course of burns, diabetes and their complications. The aim of the study is to establish the patterns of structural changes in the mucous membrane of the duodenum after burn injury of the skin of rats under conditions of experimental diabetes mellitus. The study was performed on 63 laboratory white adult male rats weighing 180-210 g, which were divided into 3 groups: intact animals, rats with skin burns and rats with skin burns on the background of diabetes. The model of experimental diabetes mellitus was reproduced by administering Streptozotocin to rats intraperitoneally once at a dose of 50 mg/kg, pre-dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer solution (pH=4.5). The control of the development of hyperglycemia in the experimental groups was the level of glucose in the blood 24.24±0.79 mmol/l. In the control group this index was 8.03±0.4 mmol/l. Rats with skin burns revealed destructive manifestations, which are accompanied by an active inflammatory reaction and corresponding necrotic changes, while rats with skin burns on the background of diabetes mellitus pathological processes are not just “summed up”, but in some way adaptively modified with the involvement of stress mechanisms of the endoplasmic reticulum and associated autophagy.

scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC ASPECTS OF STRUCTURE OF AORTIC WALL AND ITS HEMOMICROCIRCULATORY BED IN LATE STAGES OF EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
M.N. Tsitovskyi ◽  
M.V. Logash ◽  
I.I. Savka
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
World Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus occupy a significant niche in the structure of diseases with high disability and mortality impact and pose major healthcare and social issues. It should be stressed that 50-80% of fatal cases in patients with diabetes are associated with cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study is to determine the histostructural characteristics and to perform morphometric analysis of the components of the aortic wall and its hemomicrocirculatory bed of the aorta in 6 and 8 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. The material for the histological study included the sections of the wall of the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, and the descending aorta taken from 26 sexually mature white male rats weighing 100 - 160 g. For morphometric examination, a series of photos of the aortic wall was taken using a Meiji MT4300 LED microscope with an x40 objective, x10 ocular. The measurements were carried out using the Image J software. The development of micro - and macroangiopathies in experimental animals with 8-week streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus was histologically confirmed. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in all morphometric parameters of the components of the aortic wall and the vessels of its hemomicrocirculatory bed after 8 weeks of experimental diabetes as compared with the normal values, control values, and in values obtained at the 6-week period of the experiment. The study has demonstrated clear dependence between the severity of destructive changes in the aortic wall and sections of its hemomicrocirculatory bed and the duration of the experiment.

scholarly journals Features of angioarchitectonics and structure of the aortic wall of white rats in the early stages of experimental diabetes mellitus

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
M.N. Tsytovskyi ◽  
M.V. Logash ◽  
I.I. Savka ◽  
G.M. Dmytriv
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Imagej Software

Background. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, as well as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease (probably caused by atherosclerosis), are the leading cause of disability and mortality in people with diabetes. Objective. The purpose of our study was to determine the histostructural features and morphometric analysis of the components of the aortic wall and its hemomicrocirculatory bed after 2 and 4 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Methods. The samples for the histology were the sections of the wall of the ascending part, the aortic arch, and the descending part of the aorta of 26 mature white male rats weighing 100 - 160 g. For morphometric examination, a series of images of the aortic wall was taken using a Meiji MT4300 LED microscope with an x40 objective, x10 eyepiece. Results and conclusion. The measurements were carried out using the ImageJ software. The development of micro- and macroangiopathies in experimental animals with 8-week streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus was histologically proved. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference of all morphometric parameters of both - the components of the aortic wall and the vessels of its hemomicrocirculatory bed after 4 weeks of experimental diabetes in comparison with the norm, control, and the 2-nd week of the experiment. An explicit dependency of the severity of destructive changes in the wall of the aorta and links of its hemomicrocirculatory bed of vessels on the duration of the experiment was determined.

scholarly journals Показатели прооксидантного и антиоксидантного статусов в почках крыс при экспериментальном сахарном диабете

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Filinova ◽  
A.Yu. Zharikov ◽  
O.N. Mazko ◽  
O.G. Makarova ◽  
B.A. Balandovich
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Цель исследования - изучение активности процесса свободнорадикального окисления в почках крыс в условиях экспериментального сахарного диабета. Методика. Исследование выполнено на 25 самцах крыс Вистар. Животные были разделены на 2 группы: группа интактных крыс (контроль) и группа животных с сахарным диабетом (опыт) по 12 и 13 особей соответственно. Моделирование сахарного диабета осуществляли внутрибрюшинным введением стрептозотоцина (65 мг/кг). Для селективного моделирования сахарного диабета II типа крысам группы «опыт» предварительно вводили внутрибрюшинно 1 мл раствора цитофлавина (из расчета дозы никотинамида 115 мг/кг). Группе интактных крыс аналогичным способом вводили 1 мл физиологического раствора. На 28-е сут эксперимента животных декапитировали под эфирным наркозом с целью изучения активности процесса свободнорадикального окисления в почках. В тканях почек определяли концентрацию тиобарбитуратреактивных продуктов окисления жирных кислот, оценивали общую прооксидантную активность по интенсивности окраски флуоресцентного комплекса, образующегося при взаимодействии продуктов перекисного окисления ТВИН-80 с тиобарбитуровой кислотой. Определяли активность антиоксидантных ферментов: каталазы, супероксиддисмутазы и глутатионпероксидазы. Активность каталазы определяли по подавлению ферментом окисления молибдата натрия перекисью водорода. Активность супероксиддисмутазы оценивали по содержанию в пробе нитроформазана - окрашенного продукта восстановления нитротетразолия синего супероксидными радикалами. Определяли содержание неокисленного глутатиона (маркера активности глутатионпероксидазы) по цветной реакции с реактивом Эллмана. Результаты. В ходе исследования было установлено увеличение концентрации тиобарбитуратреактивных продуктов окисления жирных кислот, основным представителем которых является малоновый диальдегид, увеличение общей прооксидантной активности, а также активности глутатионпероксидазы и супероксиддисмутазы. Заключение. В условиях экспериментального сахарного диабета наблюдаются признаки выраженного оксидативного стресса в почечной ткани, о чем свидетельствует увеличение концентрации тиобарбитуратреактивных продуктов окисления жирных кислот и общей прооксидантной активности, а также повышение активности антиоксидантных ферментов.The aim of the study was to assess indexes of pro- and antioxidant status of the kidneys in experimental diabetes mellitus. Methods. The study was performed on 25 Wistar male rats in compliance with requirements of the Rules for Carrying Out Work using Experimental Animals. The animals were divided into two groups, a group of intact rats (control) and a diabetic group (experiment) containing 12 and 13 rats, respectively. Diabetes mellitus was modeled with an injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p.). For more specific modeling of type 2 diabetes, the rats of the experimental group received a solution of cytoflavin at a dose equivalent to nicotinamide 115 mg/kg, i.p. At 28 days of the experiment, rats were decapitated under ether anesthesia, and activity of free radical oxidation (FRO) was studied in the kidneys. The following indexes were determined in the kidney tissue: concentration of thiobarbiturate- reactive fatty acid oxidation products (TPBP); total pro-oxidant activity by color intensity of the fluorescent complex formed by the interaction of TWEEN-80 peroxidation products with thiobarbituric acid; activities of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase), and glutathione peroxidase (GPO). CAT activity was measured by the CAT inhibition of sodium molybdate oxidation with hydrogen peroxide. SOD activity was measured by the content of nitroformazan, a colored product of nitrotetrazolium reduction with superoxide radicals. The marker of GPO activity, unoxidized glutathione, was measured by the color reaction with Ellman’s reagent. Results. The study findings included increased TBP represented primarily by malonic dialdehyde, as well as increased TPOA (total pro-oxidant activity), and GPO and SOD activities in diabetic kidneys. Conclusion. Experimental diabetes mellitus was associated with pronounced oxidative stress in the kidney tissue, as evidenced by increased TPBP and TPOA, as well as by increased activities of antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional structure of the lingual papillae of healthy rats and rats with experimental diabetes mellitus (in the context of mechanism of development of diabetic glossitis)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
S. L. Popel’ ◽  
O. V. Baskevich ◽  
V. M. Zhurakіvskyi ◽  
O. Y. Zhurakіvska ◽  
I. V. Melnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Diabetic Microangiopathy ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Lingual Papillae ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Filiform Papillae

We studied the three-dimensional structure and patterns of distribution of the lingual papillae of healthy rats (the norm) and their changes in the process of development of diabetes mellitus І type. The research was conducted on 65 laboratory rats of the Weestar line. The research investigated the mucus shell and the microcirculatory network of the tongue. The distribution and three-dimensional structure of the papillae of the tongue were studied using a scanning electron microscope. It was found that there are 5 morphological subspecies of filiform papillae on the dorsal surface of body of the tongue: true filifom, flattened, thin and giant conical and brush-like. Isolated fungiform papillaе are unevenly distributed between filiform papillaе. The dorso-lateral edge of the dorsal lingual surface is covered by foliate papillae. The unique oval papilla vallate is located in the back-end of the middle line of the root of the tongue. The far back of the root of the tongue lacks papillae, is flattened and covered by squamous formations. The distribution and types of lingual papillae is similar in rats to other rodents. In the process of development of diabetic glossitis a reduction in the height of different types of papillae of the tongue was observed, and an increase in the amount of keratinized mass, which plays a role in the fixation of microflora on the surface of the mucus shell, which as a result may lead to development of inflammatory process in the tongues of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus. The stages of morphological and morphometric changes in the mucus shell and microcirculatory network of the tongues of rats with diabetes mellitus were investigated, the characteristic signs of these changes were marked. On the basis of morpho-functional changes of the tongues of rats with experimental streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus, two stages of development of pathomorphological changes were distinguished: 1) reactive changes (2–4th week) and 2) destructive processes (6–8th week). At the end of the first stage there was a reduction in height of the filiform papillae and width of mushroom-like papillae in the mucus shell of the tongue, an increase in its keratinization, a considerable reduction in the number of cells in the deeper layers of the epithelium of the tongue and the adsorption capacity of superficial epіtheliocites diminished, a significant reduction in the diameter of path clearance of all departments of the microcirculatory network is traced here. At the end of the secondary stage, there was a reduction in the sizes of all papillae of the back of the tongue, in all links of the microcirculatory network there was a development of diabetic microangiopathy which is characterized: by narrowing of the arterial and exchange links on a background expansion of capacity link. The question of influencing the pathological process in the vessels of the microcirculatory network on the state of the mucus shell of the tongue in animals with experimental streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus is discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of agmatine and red wine concentrate, enriched with polyphenolic compounds, on L-arginine / nitrogen oxide system in the brain of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
K. R. Spryn ◽  
◽  
M. V. Sabadashka ◽  
N. O. Sybirna ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
The Brain

Background. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine metabolic disease with absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin, accompanied by impaired metabolism. Endogenous bioamine agmatine may become a basis of new antidiabetic drugs, as it is capable to induce the release of some peptide hormones, in particular insulin, and can regulate NO synthesis. Natural polyphenols are potential multifunctional agents that also can reduce the risk of diabetes and diabetic complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of agmatine and red wine concentrate, enriched with polyphenolic compounds, on NO-synthase activity and the content of NO stable metabolites under experimental diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods. The experiments were conducted on white Wistar male rats. Diabetes was induced by intra-abdominal injection of streptozotocin. From the 14th day after the induction of diabetes, agmatine was injected intramuscularly or red wine concentrate, enriched with polyphenolic compounds was administrated orally to animals for 14 days. Rats were decapitated under ether anesthesia on the 28th day of the experiment. In the brain of rats, the activity of constitutive (Ca2+-dependent) and inducible (Ca2+-independent) isoforms of NO-synthase and the content of nitrite and nitrate anions were determined. Results and Discussion. The activities of constitutive and inducible isoforms of NO-synthase were increased in the brain of diabetic rats. The administration of both agmatine and red wine concentrate, enriched with polyphenolic compounds, caused the reduction of the activities of NO-synthase isoforms. In the case of diabetes, the administration of agmatine contributes to the increase of nitrite and nitrate content in brain cells compared to diabetes. The administration of red wine concentrate, enriched with polyphenolic compounds, also promotes nitrite levels but does not affect the nitrate level. Conclusion. We found that the red wine concentrate, enriched with polyphenolic compounds, has a stronger effect on the activity of Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent isoforms of NO-synthase, as well as the content of nitrites and nitrates in brain of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus, compared to the effect of agmatine.

scholarly journals Pathogenetical aspects of tubulointerstitial syndrome development in alloxan-induced experimental diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
О. А. Olenovych
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Annotation. The aim of our study was to explore the pathogenetical aspects of tubulointerstitial syndrome development in alloxan-induced experimental diabetes mellitus. The experiments were carried out on 20 white non-linear mature male rats, 10 with experimental diabetes mellitus (EDМ) induced by intraperitoneal administration of alloxan at a dose of 160 mg/kg of body weight, 10 intact rats served as the control group. 25 days after administration of the diabetogenic substance, the animals were withdrawn from the experiment. The concentration of sodium and potassium ions in urine and blood plasma samples was determined, followed by calculation (considering water-induced 2-hour diuresis and endogenous creatinine clearance) of glomerular filtration rate, electrolyte excretion, their filtration rate, absolute and relative reabsorption, clearance, their proximal and distal renal transport. Removed after decapitation rats’ kidneys were dissected to 3 parts – renal cortex, medulla and papilla, sodium and potassium content was determined in water-extract of the corresponding part of the renal parenchyma, and papillary-cortical, papillary-medullar and medullary-cortical concentration ion gradients were calculated. Significant suppression of papillary-medullar and papillary-cortical concentration sodium gradients, as well as a slight limitation of its medullary-cortical gradient were established. The concentration potassium gradients were significantly reduced. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out with the determination of the average value, standard deviations. To assess the probability of the difference between the study groups used non-parametric Mann-Whitney ranking criterion according to the algorithms implemented in the computer program “Statistica for Windows”, “Version 8.0”. There was a decrease of the sodium-potassium ratio in urine, enhanced urinary excretion of potassium and an increase of its content in urine, as well as intensification of absolute transtubular sodium transport due to equivalent augmentation of the filtration charge of this cation, increase of proximal sodium reabsorption and, to a lesser degree, – of distal one. The distal and proximal sodium reabsorption, reduced to a unit of active nephrons, was found to be decreased, and the relative reabsorption of the cation significantly exceeded the control values, contributing to the limitation of natriuresis. The results of the study suggest that in 26-day alloxan-induced experimental diabetes hemodynamic-hyperperfusion overload on the tubular apparatus of the kidney causes the development of relative insufficiency of the proximal and distal tubules, disorders of hormone-dependent reabsorption of cations, limitation of regulatory influence of aldosterone and ADH with further tubulointerstitial disturbances that unable adequate osmotic concentration of urine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document