scholarly journals Canadian Supercomputer Threat Assessment and Potential Responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
CASIS
Keyword(s):  
Threat Assessment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Military Bases ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Education Access ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Economic Espionage ◽  
Access Privileges ◽  
The University ◽  
Key Events

Four key events are addressed in this briefing note. Key event one is the announcement in April and May of 2017 with the launch of two supercomputers in Canada (Graham at University of Waterloo; Cedar at Simon Fraser University) and a third (Niagara at The University of Toronto) using Compute Canada’s Resources Allocation (Compute Canada, 2018a). Key event two is the announcement that Huawei Canada is building Graham’s operating system (Feldman, 2017). Key event three entails CSIS being warned by the US Senators (Rep. Sen Marco Rubio and Dem. Sen Mark Warner) about the possibility of China and Russia spying on Canada. Key event four, the United States has reportedly banned sales of Huawei products on US military bases (Bronskill, 2018; Collins, 2018). This briefing note is particularly relevant as Compute Canada is now preparing for 2019 resource allocation; there may be a raised/elevated security risk of economic espionage intellectual property theft and abusing education access privileges which need to be considered (SFU Innovates Staff, 2018).

scholarly journals The academic productivity and impact of the University of Toronto Neurosurgery Program as assessed by manuscripts published and their number of citations

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Lozano ◽  
Joseph Tam ◽  
Abhaya V. Kulkarni ◽  
Andres M. Lozano
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Academic Activity ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The University ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
The Impact

OBJECT Recent works have assessed academic output across neurosurgical programs using various analyses of accumulated citations as a proxy for academic activity and productivity. These assessments have emphasized North American neurosurgical training centers and have largely excluded centers outside the United States. Because of the long tradition and level of academic activity in neurosurgery at the University of Toronto, the authors sought to compare that program's publication and citation metrics with those of established programs in the US as documented in the literature. So as to not rely on historical achievements that may be of less relevance, they focused on recent works, that is, those published in the most recent complete 5-year period. METHODS The authors sought to make their data comparable to existing published data from other programs. To this end, they compiled a list of published papers by neurosurgical faculty at the University of Toronto for the period from 2009 through 2013 using the Scopus database. Individual author names were disambiguated; the total numbers of papers and citations were compiled on a yearly basis. They computed a number of indices, including the ih(5)-index (i.e., the number of citations the papers received over a 5-year period), the summed h-index of the current faculty over time, and a number of secondary measures, including the ig(5), ie(5), and i10(5)-indices. They also determined the impact of individual authors in driving the results using Gini coefficients. To address the issue of author ambiguity, which can be problematic in multicenter bibliometric analyses, they have provided a source dataset used to determine the ih(5) index for the Toronto program. RESULTS The University of Toronto Neurosurgery Program had approximately 29 full-time surgically active faculty per year (not including nonneurosurgical faculty) in the 5-year period from 2009 to 2013. These faculty published a total of 1217 papers in these 5 years. The total number of citations from these papers was 13,434. The ih(5)-index at the University of Toronto was 50. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of comparison with published bibliometric data of US programs, the University of Toronto ranks first in terms of number of publications, number of citations, and ih(5)-index among neurosurgical programs in North America and most likely in the world.

Defining Whiteness: Race, Class, and Gender Perspectives in North American History

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Carstairs
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
American History ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
International Labor ◽  
Working Class History ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Gender Perspectives ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University

African-American writers such as W. E. B. Du Bois, James Baldwin, and Ida B. Wells have regarded “whiteness” as a problem for a long time. However, it is only fairly recently that white historians have taken seriously the importance of de-naturalizing “whiteness,” and critically examining its privileges. “Defining Whiteness: Race, Class, and Gender Perspectives in North American History,” was sponsored by the University of Toronto and York History Departments, the Centre for the Study of the United States, and the Centre for Ethnic and Pluralism Studies at the University of Toronto, with the cooperation of International Labor and Working-Class History and the Canadian Committee on Labour History and its journal Labour/Le Travail. Conference organizers invited several leading American scholars of “whiteness” to Toronto, where they, along with a number of Canadian scholars, presented papers on the ways that whiteness has been constructed in North America. The conference contained much to interest labor historians and those interested in class/race/gender analytical frameworks.

The 2009 Rotman-telus Joint Study on IT Security Best Practices

2011 ◽  
pp. 228-265
Author(s):  
Walid Hejazi ◽  
Alan Lefort ◽  
Rafael Etges ◽  
Ben Sapiro
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
It Security ◽  
Patriot Act ◽  
Usa Patriot Act ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The University ◽  
Telecommunications Companies

This chapter describes the 2009 study findings in a series of annual studies that the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto in Ontario and TELUS, one of Canada’s major Telecommunications companies, are committed to undertake to develop a better understanding of the state of IT Security in Canada and its relevance to other jurisdictions, including the United States. This 2009 study was based on a pre-test involving nine focus groups conducted across Canada with over 50 participants. As a result of sound marketing of the 2009 survey and the critical need for these study results, the authors focus on how 500 Canadian organizations with over 100 employees are faring in effectively coping with network breaches. In 2009, as in their 2008 study version, the research team found that organizations maintain that they have an ongoing commitment to IT Security Best Practices. However, with the 2009 financial crisis in North America and elsewhere, the threat appears to be amplified, both from outside the organization and from within. Study implications regarding the USA PATRIOT Act are discussed at the end of this chapter.

NetLab

2012 ◽  
pp. 42-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrina Dimitrova ◽  
Barry Wellman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Job Searches ◽  
The University

This chapter discusses NetLab -- an interdisciplinary scholarly network studying the intersection of social networks, communication networks, and computer networks. Although centered at the University of Toronto, NetLab members come from across Canada and the United States as well as from Chile, Hungary, Israel, Japan, Norway, Portugal, and the United Kingdom. NetLab has developed since 2000 from an informal network of collaborators into a far-flung virtual laboratory. Its research focuses on the interplay between social and technological links, including the understanding of social capital in job searches and business settings, new media and community, Internet and personal relations, social media, households, networked organizations, and knowledge transfer in research networks.

An Explosion of Subparadigms

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Computing Services ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
University Communities ◽  
Computer Centers ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Manchester

In 1962, purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, in the United States opened a department of computer science with the mandate to offer master’s and doctoral degrees in computer science. Two years later, the University of Manchester in England and the University of Toronto in Canada also established departments of computer science. These were the first universities in America, Britain, and Canada, respectively, to recognize a new academic reality formally—that there was a distinct discipline with a domain that was the computer and the phenomenon of automatic computation. There after, by the late 1960s—much as universities had sprung up all over Europe during the 12th and 13th centuries after the founding of the University of Bologna (circa 1150) and the University of Paris (circa 1200)—independent departments of computer science sprouted across the academic maps on North America, Britain, and Europe. Not all the departments used computer science in their names; some preferred computing, some computing science, some computation. In Europe non-English terms such as informatique and informatik were used. But what was recognized was that the time had come to wean the phenomenon of computing away from mathematics and electrical engineering, the two most common academic “parents” of the field; and also from computer centers, which were in the business of offering computing services to university communities. A scientific identity of its very own was thus established. Practitioners of the field could call themselves computer scientists. This identity was shaped around a paradigm. As we have seen, the epicenter of this paradigm was the concept of the stored-program computer as theorized originally in von Neumann’s EDVAC report of 1945 and realized physically in 1949 by the EDSAC and the Manchester Mark I machines (see Chapter 8 ). We have also seen the directions in which this paradigm radiated out in the next decade. Most prominent among the refinements were the emergence of the historically and utterly original, Janus-faced, liminal artifacts called computer programs, and the languages—themselves abstract artifacts—invented to describe and communicate programs to both computers and other human beings.

scholarly journals Methods of Applying Machine Learning to Student Feedback Through Clustering and Sentiment Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Andersson ◽  
Christopher Dryden ◽  
Chirag Variawa
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Student Feedback ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
The University ◽  
Key Events

Machine learning is used to analyze student feedback in first-year engineering courses. This exploratory work builds on previous research at the University of Toronto, where a multi-year investigation used an online survey to collect quantitative and qualitative data from incoming first-year students. [1] (N ~1000)Sentiment analysis, a machine learning method, is used to investigate the relationship between hours of study outside of scheduled instructional hours and qualitative survey feedback sentiment. The results are visualized with chronological sentiment graphs, which contextualize the results in relation to key events during the school year.Large drops in sentiment were seen to occur during weeks with major assessments and deadlines. An inverse correlation between hours spent outside of class and feedback sentiment was also noticed

scholarly journals Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Maggio ◽  
Anton Ninkov ◽  
Joseph A. Costello ◽  
Erik W. Driessen ◽  
Anthony R. Artino
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Knowledge Synthesis ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The University

ABSTRACTPurposeAuthors of knowledge syntheses make many subjective decisions during their review process. Those decisions, which are guided in part by author characteristics, can impact the conduct and conclusions of knowledge syntheses, which assimilate much of the evidence base in medical education. Therefore, to better understand the evidence base, this study describes the characteristics of knowledge synthesis authors, focusing on gender, geography, and institution.MethodIn 2020, the authors conducted a case study of authors of 963 knowledge syntheses published between 1999 and 2019 in 14 core medical education journals using a publicly accessible dataset.ResultsThe authors of the present study identified 4,110 manuscript authors across all authorship positions. On average there were 4.3 authors per knowledge synthesis (SD=2.51, Median=4, Range=1-22); 79 knowledge syntheses (8%) were single-author publications. Over time, the average number of authors per synthesis increased (M=1.80 in 1999; M=5.34 in 2019). Knowledge syntheses were authored by slightly more females (n=2047; 50.5%) than males (n=2005; 49.5%) across all author positions (Pearson X2=22.02, p<.001). Authors listed affiliations in 58 countries, and 58 knowledge syntheses (6%) included authors from low- or middle-income countries (LMIC). Authors from the United States (n=366; 38%), Canada (n=233; 24%), and the United Kingdom (n=180; 19%) published the most knowledge syntheses. Authors listed affiliation at 617 unique institutions, and first authors represented 362 unique institutions with greatest representation from the University of Toronto (n=55, 6%) and the Mayo Clinic (n=31, 3%). Across all authorship positions, the large majority of knowledge syntheses (n=753; 78%) included authors at top 200 ranked institutions.ConclusionsKnowledge synthesis author teams have grown over the past 20 years, and while there is near gender parity across all author positions, authorship has been dominated by North American researchers located at highly ranked institutions. This suggests a potential overrepresentation of certain authors with particular characteristics, which may impact the conduct and conclusions of knowledge syntheses in medical education.

Localism, Landscape, and Hybrid Identities in Imperial Germany

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Todd
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
German History ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Hybrid Identities ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Academic Exchange ◽  
Imperial Germany ◽  
The University ◽  
Germanic Languages

To discuss the connections between place, nature, and identity, and the dilemmas of modern German history that derive from them, James Retallack (University of Toronto) and David Blackbourn (Harvard University) brought together sixteen historians from Canada and the United States for a three-day conference at the Munk Centre for International Studies at the University of Toronto from May 12 to 14, 2005. The meeting was generously sponsored by the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (German Academic Exchange Service, or DAAD)/University of Toronto Joint Initiative in German and European Studies, the Departments of History and Germanic Languages and Literatures, and the Jewish Studies Program.

The Environmental and Hygienic Safety of Nitrilotriacetate (NTA)

1971 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-37
Author(s):  
F.G. Flynn ◽  
P.H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
The University ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Aerobic Biodegradability

Abstract NTA is the prime substitute for detergent phosphates and its use in large quantities, approximately 0.5 × 106 metric tons per year in Canada and the United States, is possible. This paper is a summary of the literature and of work done at the University of Toronto regarding evaluation of the environmental and hygienic safety of NTA and NTA built detergents. A large number of topics is covered, the conclusion of each being that NTA is safe to use. Such topics include: aerobic biodegradability, toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and nitrate contribution. Areas of doubt regarding NTA are its non-degradability under anaerobic conditions and the possibility of its delivering heavy metals into drinking water supplies.

scholarly journals Understanding Student Protest in Canada: The University of Toronto Strike Vote

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
John H. Simpson ◽  
Walter Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Protest ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Student Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
The University

A behavioural indicator of student protest - voting in favour of a student strike referendum - is shown to be positively associated with two social discontinuities accompanying the student role: the weakening of ties with the family of origin and an uncertain future. Also, a student's commitment to the social order as measured by a variety of items is shown to be inversely related to favouring the strike. An argument is made that recent student protest in Canada and the United States differed in terms of the major issues involved and that the difference can be explained by variation in the valued means of social participation in the two societies.

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