scholarly journals The impact of Behaviour Change Intervention (BCI) on adolescent HIV risk reduction in selected schools in Northren Malawi

Afrika Focus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mwale ◽  
A.S. Muula
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Hiv Risk Reduction ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: We conducted a study to explore the impact of adolescent exposure to HIV and AIDS behaviour change Interventions (BCI) on their HIV risk reduction and sexual behaviour change in some selected secondary schools in the district of Mzimba, district of Nkhata Bay and Mzuzu city in Northern Malawi. Methods: We used mixed methods in a descriptive survey design triangulating both quantitative and qualitative approaches, with questionnaires and focus groups as instruments for data collection. Adolescent boys and girls [n = 552], were randomly sampled to participate in the quantitative component. For qualitative focus groups we sampled participants purposively. We analyzed quantitative data through multiple regression analysis. On the other hand qualitative data was analyzed through thematic content analysis.Results: Multiple regression analysis indicated that exposure to BCI did not impact risk reduction [Beta = -.082, p= .053, p > .05]. Qualitative focus group findings showed that proximate correlates such as: early sexual debut, lack of condom use, drug related sex, multiple and concurrent partnerships drive infection. Distal structural factors in socio-cultural, gender disparities and poverty were also noted drivers of sexual risk taking in the study area.Conclusion: Studies aimed to inform HIV prevention through top-down design of models involving primary beneficiaries are vital for the registering of positive outcomes in HIV programming for young people. Apart from identifying factors driving high HIV incidence in the study area, the study informed an intervention to test the efficacy of a risk reduction behavioural model [RRBM] developed and designed with input from adolescent participants. KEY WORDS: ADOLESCENT, HIV AND AIDS, BEHAVIOUR CHANGE, RISK REDUCTION, MALAWI

scholarly journals National Zakat Management Information System: E-Sercive Quality and Its Impact on National Zakat Collection

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-124
Author(s):  
Randi Swandaru
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Management Information System ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Management Information ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact and the electronic service quality of the national zakat management information system (SIMBA) on the national zakat collection. This paper uses a multiple regression analysis in its explorative attempt to illustrate the impact of SIMBA implementation on the national zakat collection. It shows that SIMBA is positive and significantly impact the national zakat collection as well as the human development index that is used as a proxy for the human resource management quality of zakat institutions in the respective city. Nonetheless, the population is negative and significant to the zakat collection as endemic poverty and reluctance to pay zakat are indicated as the reasons. Moreover, this study has succeeded in adapting and conducting e-service quality survey to zakat information system realm. All the tests prove that the instrument in this study has a high degree of reliability and validity. The results show that some of the demographic factors significantly impact the perceived performance of SIMBA. Multiple regression analysis that is conducted in this study shows that e-service quality dimension is positive and significant towards SIMBA’ overall quality, perceived value, and loyalty intention. This study contributes to the zakat management system literature, especially in the impact of the national zakat information system, which is pivotal in enhancing zakat collection and poverty alleviation program funded by zakat.

scholarly journals Moderating Effect of Mindfulness on the Influence of Stress on Depression According to the Level of Stress among University Students in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6634
Author(s):  
Kwang-Hi Park ◽  
Hyunlye Kim ◽  
Jaehee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
The Impact

Stress and depression are representative of the mental health problems of university students worldwide. This cross-sectional study explored the moderating effect of mindfulness on the influence of stress on depression according to the degree of life stress. The participants were 738 university students in years 2–4 in five 4-year universities in South Korea. Depression was positively correlated with stress and negatively with mindfulness at a statistically significant level. In multiple regression analysis, stress was found to have an effect by increasing depression, and mindfulness by relieving depression. In the moderated multiple regression analysis, mindfulness had a moderating effect on the impact of stress on depression only in low-stress groups, showing that the interaction of stress with mindfulness was significantly negative (β = −0.11, t = −2.52, p = 0.012) and the inclusion of this interaction significantly increased the explanatory power for depression variation (F change 6.36, p = 0.012) in the full model. In conclusion, we suggest considering stress levels in the development of mindfulness-based intervention strategies to effectively manage the depression of university students.

‘I never hoped for anything . . . now I have other plans’: The role of microfinance in HIV intervention for women who use drugs and engage in sex work in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 002087282091773
Author(s):  
Carolina Vélez-Grau ◽  
Nabila El-Bassel ◽  
Tara McCrimmon ◽  
Assel Terlikbayeva ◽  
Sholpan Primbetova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Hiv Risk Reduction ◽  
Hiv Intervention ◽  
Drug Risk ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Women Who Use Drugs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Over the past decade, Kazakhstan has experienced increased cases of HIV, especially among women who engage in sex work and use drugs. Research has examined the efficacy of structural interventions to reduce HIV risk; however, few studies have examined the experiences of women participating in these interventions. This study aimed to understand the perceived impact that HIV risk reduction and savings-led microfinance components of the Nova study had on women’s sexual and drug risk behaviors as well as their capacity for reducing income from sex work and finding alternative sources of income over time. The Nova study is a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted from 2013 to 2018 in Kazakhstan. It examines the efficacy of a combination of HIV risk reduction and microfinance among women who engage in sex work and women who use drugs. Data were drawn from the qualitative component of this study; 56 interviews with 19 participants were conducted. Template analysis and a qualitative trajectory approach were used to understand women’s perceptions of the impact that intervention had over time. Findings indicated that women perceived increased knowledge and skills related to condom use, safe sex practice, and drug use reduction. Women who received the microfinance component described perceived gains on budget management, capacity to plan for their future, and motivation to find alternative sources of income. Giving women the opportunity to express narrative experiences over time regarding the impact of this structural intervention may inform needed cultural adaptations of the intervention components and nuances of the environment in which the intervention is offered.

Perceived Frequency of role Conflict and Relationship Quality for Caregiving Daughters

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis J. Walker ◽  
Clara C. Pratt ◽  
Barbara Wood
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Quality Of Relationships ◽  
The Impact

A role-conflict approach was employed to explore the impact of perceived frequency of conflict between caregiving and other obligations on the quality of relationships between daughters and their care-receiving mothers. Frequency of conflict between caregiving and responsibilities as a wife, mother, and paid and unpaid worker was assessed. Daughters reported relatively infrequent conflict between caregiving and other obligations. A multiple regression analysis revealed that daughters who reported frequent conflict between their obligations as caregivers and their obligations as wives had poorer relationships with their mothers. The findings emphasize the importance of a supportive spouse for married caregivers.

scholarly journals Organizational Commitment and Identification of Engineers as a Function of Organizational Climate

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-199
Author(s):  
R. T. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the impact of organizational climate components upon engineers' commitment to, and identification with, their employing organizations. The application of multiple regression analysis indicates that a significant proportion of the variance of the dependent variables can be accounted for by organizational climate scores.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL FACTORS ON INDIVIDUAL TAX COMPLIANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Muthaloo Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Compliance Behaviour

Tax revenue is one of important government’s sources of revenue and the taxation system vary across countries. Malaysia went through the paradigm shift by employing the self-assessment system (SAS) on 2001 where responsibility of calculating taxes had shifted successfully from the Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia (IRBM) to taxpayers. Since then, the voluntary tax compliance through SAS in Malaysia has been paying a greater role in meeting the statutory tax obligations and collection, effectively and efficiently. The study is aimed to examine the ethical, moral, religious and cultural background considerations on individual voluntary tax compliance in Malaysia by engaging quantitative research approach by utilising 200 valid questionnaire from respondents who are the individual taxpayer in Malaysia. Multiple regression analysis conducted to identify the effect of ethicality, morality, religiosity and cultural background on the individual voluntary tax compliance in Malaysia. Findings shows that all the variables have significant positive relationship, however the multiple regression analysis proven that ethicality and religiosity have strong significant effect on the individual tax compliance behaviour and on the other hand, morality and cultural background doesn’t have significant effect on individual tax compliance behaviour.

scholarly journals The impact of government debt on public finance stability in Lithuania

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liucija Birškytė
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Series Data ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – though the global financial crisis is well behind us several EU countries continue to experience problems with public finance stability and need to cope with the consequences of high public debt. The purpose of the article is to find the relationship between government debt and of public finance stability in Lithuania. Research methodology – in order to achieve the aim of the article Financial Stability Index (FSI) for Lithuania has been created. It is based on theory and previous research. To find the determinants of FSI the multiple regression analysis model was specified and tested using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Findings – the results of multiple regression analysis indicate the government debt has a statistically significant impact on FSI, ceteris paribus. Other findings of the research show that profit or loss of the non-financial sector, foreign trade balance as well as a foreign direct investment are significant determinants of public finance stability. Research limitations – one of the limitations of this research is the small sample size that has an impact on the validity and generalizability of the results. Having a longer time-series data or panel data for more countries would improve the robustness and applicability of research results. Practical implications – the results of the research provide guidance to policymakers in the public finance area. Originality/Value − this paper contributes to the scarce literature on government debt and other determinants of financial stability in Lithuania

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