scholarly journals Medical treatment of urinary incontinence in the bitch

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
J. Timmermans ◽  
B. Van Goethem ◽  
H. De Rooster ◽  
D. Paepe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Bladder Neck ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Urine Leakage ◽  
Sphincter Mechanism

Urinary incontinence, an uncontrolled urine leakage during the storage phase of micturition, is a common condition in female dogs. In intact bitches, the reported prevalence is only 0.2-0.3%, but in spayed bitches it varies between 3.1-20.1%. Most commonly, dogs with acquired urinary incontinence suffer from urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence. This condition seems tobe multifactorial, and although the exact pathophysiology remains unclear, potential risk factors include gender, gonadectomy, breed, body weight, urethral length and bladder neck position. In daily practice, the diagnosis of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is usually made after eliminating other potential causes of urinary incontinence. Incontinent bitches are primarily treated with medications, such as alpha-adrenergic drugs, e.g. phenylpropanolamine and oestrogens. Surgery is recommended when patients become refractory to medical treatment.

scholarly journals Medical treatment of urinary incontinence in the bitch

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
J. Timmermans ◽  
B. Van Goethem ◽  
H. De Rooster ◽  
D. Paepe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Bladder Neck ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Urine Leakage ◽  
Sphincter Mechanism

Urinary incontinence, an uncontrolled urine leakage during the storage phase of micturition, is a common condition in female dogs. In intact bitches, the reported prevalence is only 0.2-0.3%, but in spayed bitches it varies between 3.1-20.1%. Most commonly, dogs with acquired urinary incontinence suffer from urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence. This condition seems to be multifactorial, and although the exact pathophysiology remains unclear, potential risk factors include gender, gonadectomy, breed, body weight, urethral length and bladder neck position. In daily practice, the diagnosis of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is usually made after eliminating other potential causes of urinary incontinence. Incontinent bitches are primarily treated with medications, such as alpha-adrenergic drugs, e.g. phenylpropanolamine and oestrogens. Surgery is recommended when patients become refractory to medical treatment.

scholarly journals Surgical treatment of refractory incontinence in the bitch

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
J. Timmermans ◽  
B. Van Goethem ◽  
H. De Rooster
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Complication Rate ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Injection Port ◽  
Inflatable Cuff ◽  
Proximal Urethra ◽  
Sphincter Mechanism

Urinary incontinence is a common condition in spayed, female dogs with a reported prevalence between 3.1% and 20.1%. In the majority of dogs with acquired urinary incontinence, urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is the underlying cause. Approximately 15% of bitches that initially respond to medical therapy ultimately become refractory. Surgical intervention is indicated when patients do not respond or become refractory to medical treatment. Based on the current literature, placement of an artificial urethral sphincter, i.e. an inflatable cuff around the proximal urethra connected to a subcutaneous injection port, provides a very reliable and longterm incontinence resolution in bitches and has a low complication rate.

scholarly journals ELECTROMYOGRAPHY OF THE URETHRAL SPHINCTER IN SUI

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
A. Cianci ◽  
S. Caruso ◽  
S. Bandiera ◽  
M.G. Matarazzo ◽  
F. Rapisarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Incontinence ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Healthy Women

The study values, through electromyography (emg), the stripped urethral sphyncter activity in women with stress incontinence (USI). 10 women with USI and 5 healthy women -control group- underwent urogynecologic examination, urodynamic examination and urethral electromyography examination. The endurance and extension of tension were took in the consideration. 9 women with USI had EGM showing denervation/renervation nervous damage, supported by potential’s wideness and length higher than control group (>300μV), either during relax or cough, and the trace’s absence of the interference with voluntary contraction. Only one woman with USI showed an EGM compatible with myogen damage: values <100 μV in all traces and negative anamnesis for risk factors. The Authors emphasize the role of EMG as a particular exam to study in deep the causes of urinary incontinence helpful to identify basic disorders of USI.

Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence in Dogs: An Update

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory Applegate ◽  
Shelly Olin ◽  
Bethany Sabatino
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Adrenergic Agents ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Urethral Bulking ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
Sphincter Mechanism

ABSTRACT Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) is the most common cause of acquired urinary incontinence in dogs. The pathogenesis of USMI is multifactorial and complex. Studies have shown variable results regarding the effects and timing of sterilization on the incidence of USMI. Diagnosis of USMI is often based on history, physical examination, and elimination of other differentials. Treatment options for USMI include medications, such as α-adrenergic agents and estrogen products, minimally-invasive urethral bulking procedures, surgical procedures (e.g., indwelling urethral occluders), or combination therapy. The overall prognosis for USMI is typically fair to good with long-term therapy.

Risk Factors of Composite Attachment Loss During Orthodontic Clear Aligner Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaosen Chen ◽  
Mohamed AM ◽  
WANG Jinbo ◽  
ZHENG Ziwei ◽  
Maher Al-balaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Attachment Loss ◽  
Wear Time ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Clear Aligner

Abstract Background The composite attachment loss during orthodontic clear aligner therapy is an adverse event that commonly happens in our daily practice. However, there is a lack of related statistical analysis, and studies analyzing the related risk factors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the incidence of attachment loss during orthodontic clear aligner therapy and to identify rick factors that may predict such event.Methods The demographics and clinical variables of 94 patients undergoing clear aligner therapy (27 males and 67 females; average age: 27.60± 0.86 years) were recorded. Both patient-related and tooth-related attachment loss was recorded. The chi-square test and logistic regressive analysis were applied to identify the potential risk factors. SPSS for Mac (version 23.0, IBM, USA) was used for statistical analyses. P＜0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Our study suggested that the risk factors for attachment loss include: frequent aligner removal (>= 5 times a day) (losing rate=60.0%, P=0.005); aligner wear time less than 18 hours a day (losing rate=50.8%, P=0.014); eating without aligners inserted (losing rate=47.9%, P=0.034); utilizing aligner tray seaters (losing rate=48.2%, P=0.006) and unilateral mastication (losing rate=52.1%, P=0.002). The multivariable logistic regression analysis indicates that aligner wear time less than 18 hours a day (P=0.020, B=0.925), using aligner tray seaters (P=0.007, B=1.168) and unilateral mastication (P=0.034, B=-0.458) were considered independent factors that can predict the composite attachment loss in orthodontic clear aligner therapy.Conclusion Wearing aligner less than 18 hours a day, using aligner tray seaters and unilateral mastication may contribute to increased incidence of composite attachment loss during orthodontic clear aligner therapy.

Surgical treatment of urinary incontinence

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
M Saxby ◽  
D Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Bladder Neck ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Male Incontinence ◽  
Homes For The Elderly

Incontinence is a common problem and the incidence increases with age. Approximately 85% of all cases of incontinence occur in women, essentially because bladder neck competence and pelvic floor/urethral sphincter activity is more readily compromised than in the male. Incontinence is an important cause of admission to and a common finding in nursing homes for the elderly but is not an inevitable sequela of aging.

Cystourethropexy to Correct Refractory Urinary Incontinence Due to Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence Preliminary Results in Ten Bitches

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUNO J. MASSAT ◽  
CLARE R. GREGORY ◽  
GERALD V. LING ◽  
GEORGE H. CARDINET ◽  
ERNEST L. LEWIS
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Sphincter Mechanism
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